Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

L'hépatite E (HEV) est une infection mondiale.Elle est responsable d'approximativement 20 millions d'infections dans le monde chaque année. Quatre génotypes du virus affectent l'homme. Les génotypes 1 et 2 touchent principalement les personnes habitant dans les pays en voie de développement tandis que les génotypes 3 et 4 affectent les pays industrialisés. Le diagnostic de la maladie est basé sur la détection IgG et IgM anti-HEV dans le sérum humain en utilisant des méthodes d'immuno essais. Ce diagnostic peut être confirmé par RT­ PCR en détectant l'ARN viral dans le sérum. La variabilité considérable de la performance des tests sérologiques et de la précision de la RT-PCR rend compliquée la détermination de la prévalence et l'incidence de la maladie. La transmission du virus dans les pays en voie de développement se fait principalement par voie oro-fécale. Tandis que dans les pays industrialisés, elle se fait surtout en consommant de la viande de porcs contaminés. Pour la plupart des patients, l'infection par le HEV est asymptomatique et elle est éliminée spontanément. Pour d'autres par contre, l'infection au HEV est plus problématique. Les femmes enceintes atteintes par le HEV de génotype 1 peuvent souffrir de complications graves pour elle et le fœtus. Chez les patients transplantés, HIV+ ou souffrant de leucémie, une infection par le HEV de génotype 3 peut devenir chronique et nécessiter un traitement médicamenteux, tel qu'une réduction d'immunosuppresseurs ou l'utilisation d'une thérapie antivirale. Une infection chronique du HEV peut provoquer une maladie sévère du foie qui peut évoluer vers une cirrhose. Des améliorations dans la détection du virus et dans le traitement de celui-ci sont nécessaires afin de mieux contrôler la chronicité du virus. Hepatitis E is an infection present worldwide. It is responsible for about 20 million cases of infection in the world every year. Four genotypes of the virus can affect humans. Genotypes 1 and 2 mainly touch people living in developing countries while genotypes 3 and 4 affect developed countries. The diagnosis of disease is based on the detection of IgG and IgM anti-HEV in human serum using immunoassay techniques. That diagnosis can be confirmed by RT-PCR by detecting viral RNA in serum. The high variability of the performance of serological tests and of the precision of RT-PCR makes it complicated to determine the prevalence and the incidence of the disease. The transmission of the virus in developing countries generally occurs through the oral-fecal route, while in developed countries, it mainly occurs by consuming contaminated pork products. For most patients, HEV infection is asymptomatic and they eliminate it spontaneously, though for some other patients, HEV infection can be more problematic. Pregnant women with HEV of genotype 1 can suffer serious complications, as well as their developing fetus. In transplanted patients, HIV patients or patients with leukemia, HEV infection of genotype 3 can become chronic and require drug treatment, such as a reduction of immunosuppressant’s or the use of an antiviral therapy. A chronic HEV infection can cause a serious liver disease which can progress to cirrhosis. Improvements in the detection of the virus and in its treatment are needed in order to better control the chronicity of the virus.

Hepatitis E --- Hepatitis E

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Hepatitis E (HEV) is a viral infectious disease that infects humans and domestic, wild, and synanthropic animals alike. In developing countries, the disease often presents as an epidemic, transmitted primarily through the fecal-oral route. In recent years, sporadic cases have also been documented in industrial countries, including Europe. The identification and characterization of animal strains of HEV from pigs, wild boar, and deer, and the demonstrated ability of cross-species infection by these animal strains raise potential public health concerns for foodborne and zoonotic transmission of the virus. This Brief will provide a thorough overview of HEV. It will discuss the epidemiology and pathogenesis of the virus in both humans and animals, review detection methods, and provide methods for its control and prevention.

Hygiene. Public health. Protection --- Medical microbiology, virology, parasitology --- Pathological biochemistry --- Infectious diseases. Communicable diseases --- Human medicine --- Food science and technology --- medische biochemie --- medische virologie --- hepatitis E --- zoonoses --- biochemie --- biomedische wetenschappen --- gezondheidszorg --- virologie --- voedingsleer --- besmettelijke ziekten

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Hepatitis E (HEV) is a viral infectious disease that infects humans and domestic, wild, and synanthropic animals alike. In developing countries, the disease often presents as an epidemic, transmitted primarily through the fecal-oral route. In recent years, sporadic cases have also been documented in industrial countries, including Europe. The identification and characterization of animal strains of HEV from pigs, wild boar, and deer, and the demonstrated ability of cross-species infection by these animal strains raise potential public health concerns for foodborne and zoonotic transmission of the virus. This Brief will provide a thorough overview of HEV. It will discuss the epidemiology and pathogenesis of the virus in both humans and animals, review detection methods, and provide methods for its control and prevention.

Hepatitis, Viral. --- Hepatitis E --- Emerging infectious diseases --- Hepatitis, Viral, Human --- Communicable Diseases --- Hepatitis Viruses --- Infection --- Viruses --- Virus Diseases --- Bacterial Infections and Mycoses --- Organisms --- Diseases --- Communicable Diseases, Emerging --- Hepatitis E virus --- Biology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Microbiology & Immunology --- Hepatitis E. --- Hepatitis. --- Liver --- Enterically-transmitted non-A, non-B hepatitis --- Epidemic non-A, non-B hepatitis --- Hepatitis, Non-A, non-B --- Non-A, non-B hepatitis, Enterically-transmitted --- Waterborne hepatitis --- Inflammation --- Medicine. --- Virology. --- Food --- Infectious diseases. --- Biomedicine. --- Food Science. --- Infectious Diseases. --- Medicine/Public Health, general. --- Biotechnology. --- Hepatitis, Viral --- Medical virology. --- Food science. --- Emerging infectious diseases. --- Clinical sciences --- Medical profession --- Human biology --- Life sciences --- Medical sciences --- Pathology --- Physicians --- Emerging infections --- New infectious diseases --- Re-emerging infectious diseases --- Reemerging infectious diseases --- Communicable diseases --- Science --- Medical microbiology --- Virology --- Virus diseases --- Health Workforce --- Food—Biotechnology. --- Microbiology

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

605.2 --- gastro-enterologie --- kinderen --- kinderverpleegkunde --- leverziekten --- pediatrie --- Gastro-enterologie --- Hepatologie --- Kindergeneeskunde --- Crohnziekte --- anorexia nervosa --- buikpijn --- coeliakie --- darmziekten --- gastro-oesofagale reflux --- geneeskunde --- gezondheidszorg --- icterus --- maag-darmbloedingen --- maagziekten --- obstipatie --- 605.13 --- 616.3 --- Kinderen : ziekten --- Pediatrie --- Wilson-ziekte --- Ziekten : spijverteringsstelsel --- aambeien (hemorroïden, speen) --- braken --- colitis ulcerosa --- diarree --- gastro-enterologie (maag-darmziekten) --- gastro-oesofagale reflux (regurgitatie) --- helicobacter-pylori-infectie --- hepatitis A --- hepatitis B --- hepatitis C --- hepatitis E --- hepatitis --- icterus (geelzucht) --- koemelkallergie --- koliek --- mucoviscidose (cystic fibrosis, kystische fibrose, pancreasfibrose) --- pancreatitis --- pasgeborenen --- poliep --- slikstoornissen --- voedingsallergie --- voedselvergiftiging --- voedselweigering --- kindergeneeskunde --- Gastro-entérologie --- Hépatologie --- Pédiatrie --- Kindergeneeskunde - Pediatrie --- (zie ook: glutenvrij dieet) --- (zie ook: hyperbilirubinemie) --- Maagziekten --- Darmziekten --- Leverziekten --- Kinderen

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The structure, uniformity, stability, and functions of virus-like particles (VLPs) have encouraged scientists to utilize them as a unique tool in various applications in biomedical fields. Their interaction with the innate immune system is of major importance for the adaptive immune response they induce. The innate immune cells and molecules recognize and interact with VLPs on the basis of two major characteristics: size and surface geometry. VLP-based vaccines against hepatitis B, human papilloma, malaria, and hepatitis E have been developed and are available in many countries around the world. Given the inherent immunogenicity of VLPs, they render themselves ideal for the development of new vaccines against infectious diseases as well as noncommunicable diseases, such as chronic inflammation or cancer. This Special Issue is designed to provide an up-to-date view of the latest progress in the development of VLP-based prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines and technologies for their generation.

Humanities --- Social interaction --- virus-like particle --- influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 --- vaccination --- pregnant women --- antibody titers --- norovirus --- VLP --- vaccine --- genotype --- pre-existing immunity --- cross-reactivity --- blocking antibodies --- original antigenic sin (OAS) --- HPVs --- vaccines --- virus-like particles (VLPs) --- minor capsid protein (L2) --- HCMV --- cytomegalovirus --- nanoparticle --- immune response --- Sudan virus --- mice --- horse --- purified IgG --- long-lived plasma cells --- antibodies --- multivalency --- virus-like particles --- antigenic analysis --- epitope characterization --- hepatitis E vaccine --- serological evaluation --- virion-like epitopes --- well-characterized vaccines --- hepatitis B virus --- surface (envelope) antigen --- sub-viral particle --- capsid --- antigen display --- platform --- viral quantification --- NTA --- flow virometry --- SRFM --- cryo-TEM --- SEM --- plant virus --- virus-like --- vaccine platform --- epitope --- antigen --- cat allergy --- Fel d 1 --- HypoCat™ --- IL-13 --- interleukin-13 --- Tfh cells --- cancer --- immunotherapy --- H7N9 --- pandemic influenza A --- avian flu --- IAV --- VLP vaccine --- n/a