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health promotion --- health education --- social epidemiology --- health behaviour --- health policies --- public health
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En las ultimas tres decadas, muchos pafses en America Latina y el Caribe han reconocido el tema de la saludcomo un derecho humano. Desde inicios de la decada del 2000, 46 millones de personas adicionales, de lospafses estudiados, gozan de la protecci6n de programas de salud con explfcitos derechos a recibir atenci6n.Las reformas han venido acompafiadas por un incremento en el gasto publico del sector salud, financiado engran pa rte por los ingresos fiscales generales que priorizan o estan dirigidos explfcitamente hacia laspoblaciones sin capacidad de pago. Los compromisos polfticos se han traducido en general en presupuestosmas elevados yen leyes aprobadas que circunscriben los fondos destinados al sector salud. En la mayorfa delos pafses se ha priorizado la atenci6n primaria en salud por su costo efectividad y han adoptado metodos deadquisici6n que incentivan la eficiencia y la transparencia en los resultados y que les dan a losadministradores del sector salud un mayor apalancamiento para dirigir a los proveedores hacia la .consecuci6n de las prioridades de salud publica. Sin embargo, a pesar de los avances. aun subsisten lasdisparidades en el financiamiento y calidad de los servicios de los subsistemas de salud. Cumplir con elcompromiso de la cobertura universal de salud exigira esfuerzos concertados para mejorar la generaci6n delos ingresos fiscales de manera sostenible y de elevar la productividad y efectividad del gasto.En el re po rte Hacia la cobertura universal en salud v la equidad en America Latina v el Caribe: Evidencia depoises seleccionados. los autores sefialan que la evidencia tomada de un analisis de 54 encuestas de hogarescorrobora que las inversiones en la ampliaci6n de la cobertura estan generando resultados. A pesar que lospobres aun presentan los peores fndices de salud en comparaci6n con los ricos, las disparidades se hanreducido en gran medida, especialmente durante las primeras etapas de vida. Los pafses han alcanzadoelevados niveles de cobertura y equidad en la utilizaci6n de los servicios de salud maternoinfantil. Elpanorama se torna mas lleno de matices y no tan positivo cuando se trata de la salud en adultos y de laprevalencia de condiciones y enfermedades cr6nicas. La cobertura de las intervenciones de enfermedadesno transmisibles no es muy alta y la utilizaci6n de los servicios se inclina hacia aquellos que gozan de unamejor posici6n. La prevalencia de las enfermedades no transmisibles no ha mostrado el comportamientoesperado en vista de la cafda en las tasas de mortalidad: un mayor acceso a los servicios de diagn6stico porpa rte de los segmentos mas ricos podrfa encubrir cambios en la prevalencia real.Los gastos de salud provocados por situaciones catastr6ficas han ido en descenso en la mayorfa de lospafses. El panorama en torno a la equidad, sin embargo es mixto, apuntando hacia limitaciones en lamedida. Si bien la tasa de empobrecimiento a causa de gastos de salud es baja, con tendencia decrecienteen terminos generales, entre dos y cuatro millones de personas en los pafses estudiados aun caen pordebajo de la lfnea de la pobreza despues de haber incurrido en gastos de salud.Los esfuerzos para darle un seguimiento sistematico a la calidad de la atenci6n en la region, apenas dan susprimeros pasos. Sin embargo, un repaso a la literatura revela graves deficiencias en la calidad de la atenci6nde salud, asi como sustanciales diferencias entre los diversos subsistemas. Elevar la calidad de la atenci6n yasegurar la sostenibilidad de las inversiones en salud siguen siendo una agenda inconclusa.
Equity --- Health Financing --- Health Policies --- Health System --- Health System Reforms --- Spanish Translation
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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
Economics of animal health --- Social Sciences of Animal Health --- ISESSAH --- Animal Diseases --- Animal health policies
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As per the World Health Organization (WHO), public health refers to all organized measures (whether public or private) to prevent diseases, promote health, and prolong life among the population as a whole. Unfortunately, public health continues to remain neglected in many developing countries due to poor management capacity for effective and efficient delivery of public health services. This book starts with an overall view of public health issues at the global, national and sub-national levels. Challenges faced in the management of global public health programs are illustrated through mini-case studies on Adolescent health, HIV/AIDS, Diarrhoea control, and TB control programs. Live case studies from India towards achieving Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) on maternal health, child health, urban health, and polio eradication highlight the managerial challenges on planning and implementing global public health policies in developing countries. Evidence-based strategic planning, micro-level operational planning, closely monitored implementation, and a well-designed surveillance system are critical for the success of global public health policies in developing countries.
Medical policy --- Health Planning --- Public Health --- Public health policies --- Strategic Planning --- Operational Planning --- Implementation --- Surveillance --- MDGs
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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
Medicine --- Veterinary medicine --- Economics of animal health --- Social Sciences of Animal Health --- ISESSAH --- Animal Diseases --- Animal health policies --- Economics of animal health --- Social Sciences of Animal Health --- ISESSAH --- Animal Diseases --- Animal health policies
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ACP --- Plant products --- Plant products --- pesticides --- pesticides --- residues --- residues --- Exports --- Exports --- Health policies --- Health policies --- Public health legislation --- Public health legislation --- Vocational training --- Vocational training --- Cost analysis --- Cost analysis
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Health policies --- Health policies --- public health --- public health --- risk management --- risk management --- foods --- foods --- HACCP --- HACCP --- quality assurance --- quality assurance --- Standards --- Standards --- Fruit --- Fruit --- Vegetables --- Vegetables --- food security --- food security --- ACP --- ACP
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Health policies --- Health policies --- Public health legislation --- Public health legislation --- Food legislation --- Food legislation --- Biosafety regulations --- Biosafety regulations --- Standardizing --- Standardizing --- Standards --- Standards --- product labelling --- product labelling --- pesticides --- pesticides --- ACP --- ACP
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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact
Medicine --- Veterinary medicine --- Economics of animal health --- Social Sciences of Animal Health --- ISESSAH --- Animal Diseases --- Animal health policies
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Social policy --- United States --- Economics, Medical. --- Health Policy. --- National Health Policy --- Health Policies --- Health Policies, National --- Health Policy, National --- National Health Policies --- Policies, Health --- Policies, National Health --- Policy, Health --- Policy, National Health --- Policy Making --- Medical Economics --- Medicine --- economics --- United States. --- Medical economics --- Medical policy --- Economics, Medical --- Health Policy --- Healthcare Policy --- Healthcare Policies --- Policy, Healthcare --- Health Care Policies --- Care Policies, Health --- Health Care Policy --- Policies, Health Care --- Policies, Healthcare --- Policy, Health Care --- United States of America
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