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In How Chiefs Became Kings, Patrick Vinton Kirch addresses a central problem in anthropological archaeology: the emergence of "archaic states" whose distinctive feature was divine kingship. Kirch takes as his focus the Hawaiian archipelago, commonly regarded as the archetype of a complex chiefdom. Integrating anthropology, linguistics, archaeology, traditional history, and theory, and drawing on significant contributions from his own four decades of research, Kirch argues that Hawaiian polities had become states before the time of Captain Cook's voyage (1778-1779). The status of most archaic states is inferred from the archaeological record. But Kirch shows that because Hawai`i's kingdoms were established relatively recently, they could be observed and recorded by Cook and other European voyagers. Substantive and provocative, this book makes a major contribution to the literature of precontact Hawai`i and illuminates Hawai`i's importance in the global theory and literature about divine kingship, archaic states, and sociopolitical evolution.

Chiefdoms --- Hawaiians --- First contact (Anthropology) --- History. --- Kings and rulers. --- Politics and government. --- ancient hawaii. --- ancient history. --- anthropology. --- archaeological record. --- archaeology. --- archaic states. --- captain cook. --- chiefdom. --- cultural social. --- divine kingship. --- european voyagers. --- global theory. --- hawaiian archipelago. --- hawaiian politics. --- historical anthropology. --- historical. --- island life. --- kings. --- leadership roles. --- linguistics. --- nonfiction. --- politics. --- polities. --- power struggle. --- precontact hawaii. --- research. --- social science. --- sociopolitical evolution. --- theoretical perspective. --- traditional history.