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Book
Marine Glycomics
Authors: --- ---
ISBN: 3036558225 3036558217 Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Marine creatures are rich sources of glycoconjugate-containing glycans and have diversified structures. The advance of genomics has provided a valuable clue for their production and developments. This information will encourage breeding and engineering functional polysaccharides with slime ingredients in algae. These glycans will have the potential for applications to antioxidant, anticancer, and antimicrobial drugs in addition to health supplements and cosmetics. The combination of both biochemical and transcriptome approaches of marine creatures will lead to the opportunity to discover new activities of proteins such as glycan-relating enzymes and lectins. These proteins will also be used for experimental and medical purposes, such as diagnostics and trial studies. The topic of marine glycomics is also focusing on understanding the physiological properties of marine creatures, such as body defense against pathogens and cancers. In the competitions for natural selection, living creatures have evolved both their glycans and their recognition. They have primitive systems of immunity, and few of their mechanisms are closely related to glycans. If we are able to describe the accumulation of data of glycans of creatures living in the seashore and the oceans, we may be able to anticipate a time when we can talk about the ecosystem with glycans. That knowledge will be useful for the development of drugs that cure our diseases and for an understanding of living systems in addition to the preservation of living environments.

Keywords

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Acropora tenuis --- coral --- chemoattraction --- lectin --- white-spotted charr lectin --- oncolytic vaccinia virus --- interferon --- antiviral response --- Chlorella vulgaris --- Dunaliella salina --- Arthrospira platensis --- growth rate --- accumulation of carbohydrates --- biohydrogen --- antibacterial activity --- anticancer activity --- antifungal activity --- Aplysia kurodai --- apoptosis --- Ehrlich ascites carcinoma --- sulfated fucose-rich polysaccharides --- sulfated fucan --- fucosylated chondroitin sulfate --- fucoidan --- oral administration --- anticoagulant activity --- fucosylated glycosaminoglycan --- anticoagulant --- platelet aggregation --- contact activation --- hypotension --- pulmonary embolism --- sulfated polysaccharides --- marine hydrobionts --- antiparasitic activity --- protozoa --- malaria --- leishmaniasis --- trypanosomiasis --- schistosomiasis --- cryptosporidiosis --- trichomoniasis --- bivalve mollusk --- C1q domain-containing --- lectin-like --- pattern recognition receptor --- polysaccharides --- interstitial compartment --- marine worms --- sipunculids --- bioactive properties --- peptides --- rotifera --- pattern recognition receptors --- microbe-associated molecular patterns --- innate immunity --- C-type lectins --- C1q domain-containing proteins --- galectins --- bacterial exopolysaccharides --- bioflocculanting activity --- microalgae growth-promoting bacterium --- harmful algal bloom-forming dinoflagellate --- Alexandrium catenella --- Mameliella alba --- n/a


Book
Water Quality of Freshwater Ecosystems in a Temperate Climate
Authors: ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

This Special Issue consists of fourteen original scientific articles concerning different problems associated with the water quality of freshwater ecosystems in a temperate climate. Most of the articles deal with the relationship between water quality and the structure of ecosystem biocenoses. The conclusion of these articles confirms the fact that the deterioration of water quality has a direct impact on the quantitative and qualitative structure of biocenoses. This is accompanied by a decline in biodiversity and the disappearance of rare plant and animal species. They also draw attention to the particular importance of internal physical and chemical differentiation within the aquatic ecosystem, both in horizontal and vertical dimensions. The problem of ensuring proper ecological conditions and good quality of water in freshwater aquatic ecosystems is also raised, and various methods for the restoration of water bodies are presented. This Special Issue contributes to a better understanding of the causes of water quality deterioration, the mechanisms responsible for the functioning of ecosystems, including the decrease of biodiversity and the possibilities of improving their condition. Thus, it can be helpful for regaining the good ecological status of water bodies required by the Water Framework Directive.

Keywords

Research & information: general --- biomanipulation --- chlorophyll-a --- hypolimnion aeration --- nutrients --- phosphorus inactivation --- invertebrates --- hydrological regime --- diversity --- water bodies --- water quality --- strontium isotopes --- springs --- meromictic lake --- eutrophication --- catchment --- nutrient load --- agriculture --- European Water Framework Directive --- shallow lake --- stratified lake --- functional groups of phytoplankton --- innovative method of restoration --- oxygenation near the bottom sediments --- phytoplankton biomass --- restoration treatment --- small lake --- sustainable restoration --- rotifers --- microcrustaceans --- aquatic vegetation --- small water bodies --- human-induced impact --- ecological assessment --- macroinvertebrates --- zooplankton --- anthropogenic impact --- stream ecology --- riverbed regulation --- soft water lake --- Lobelia dortmanna --- Littorella uniflora --- Isoëtes lacustris --- human impact --- cyanobacteria --- Daphnia --- harmful algal bloom mitigation --- phytoplankton --- reactive oxygen specie --- water level fluctuation --- multi-proxy approach --- Cladocera --- Chironomidae --- diatoms --- Northern Europe --- West Africa --- climate change --- rainfall variability --- riverbanks --- floodplain lakes --- Carabidae --- stenotopic species --- assemblage --- overgrown --- surface microlayer --- phytoneuston --- metals --- urban water body --- ciliate assemblages --- oxygen concentration --- ecological optimum --- lake --- freshwater habitats --- biodiversity --- aquatic plants --- plankton assemblages --- water cycle --- freshwater ecosystems restoration


Book
Sea Level Fluctuations
Author:
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

This thematic issue presents 11 scientific articles that are extremely useful for understanding the processes and phenomena of the interacting geospheres of the Earth. These processes have an important impact on the biosphere and many human activities. The results of scientific research presented in this book are fully united by the common theme "investigation of the fundamental foundations of the emergence, development, transformation, and interaction of hydroacoustic, hydrophysical and geophysical fields in the World Ocean." The book is recommended to a wide range of readers, as well as to specialists in the field of hydroacoustics, oceanology, and geophysics.


Book
Water Quality of Freshwater Ecosystems in a Temperate Climate
Authors: ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

This Special Issue consists of fourteen original scientific articles concerning different problems associated with the water quality of freshwater ecosystems in a temperate climate. Most of the articles deal with the relationship between water quality and the structure of ecosystem biocenoses. The conclusion of these articles confirms the fact that the deterioration of water quality has a direct impact on the quantitative and qualitative structure of biocenoses. This is accompanied by a decline in biodiversity and the disappearance of rare plant and animal species. They also draw attention to the particular importance of internal physical and chemical differentiation within the aquatic ecosystem, both in horizontal and vertical dimensions. The problem of ensuring proper ecological conditions and good quality of water in freshwater aquatic ecosystems is also raised, and various methods for the restoration of water bodies are presented. This Special Issue contributes to a better understanding of the causes of water quality deterioration, the mechanisms responsible for the functioning of ecosystems, including the decrease of biodiversity and the possibilities of improving their condition. Thus, it can be helpful for regaining the good ecological status of water bodies required by the Water Framework Directive.

Keywords

biomanipulation --- chlorophyll-a --- hypolimnion aeration --- nutrients --- phosphorus inactivation --- invertebrates --- hydrological regime --- diversity --- water bodies --- water quality --- strontium isotopes --- springs --- meromictic lake --- eutrophication --- catchment --- nutrient load --- agriculture --- European Water Framework Directive --- shallow lake --- stratified lake --- functional groups of phytoplankton --- innovative method of restoration --- oxygenation near the bottom sediments --- phytoplankton biomass --- restoration treatment --- small lake --- sustainable restoration --- rotifers --- microcrustaceans --- aquatic vegetation --- small water bodies --- human-induced impact --- ecological assessment --- macroinvertebrates --- zooplankton --- anthropogenic impact --- stream ecology --- riverbed regulation --- soft water lake --- Lobelia dortmanna --- Littorella uniflora --- Isoëtes lacustris --- human impact --- cyanobacteria --- Daphnia --- harmful algal bloom mitigation --- phytoplankton --- reactive oxygen specie --- water level fluctuation --- multi-proxy approach --- Cladocera --- Chironomidae --- diatoms --- Northern Europe --- West Africa --- climate change --- rainfall variability --- riverbanks --- floodplain lakes --- Carabidae --- stenotopic species --- assemblage --- overgrown --- surface microlayer --- phytoneuston --- metals --- urban water body --- ciliate assemblages --- oxygen concentration --- ecological optimum --- lake --- freshwater habitats --- biodiversity --- aquatic plants --- plankton assemblages --- water cycle --- freshwater ecosystems restoration


Book
Sea Level Fluctuations
Author:
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

This thematic issue presents 11 scientific articles that are extremely useful for understanding the processes and phenomena of the interacting geospheres of the Earth. These processes have an important impact on the biosphere and many human activities. The results of scientific research presented in this book are fully united by the common theme "investigation of the fundamental foundations of the emergence, development, transformation, and interaction of hydroacoustic, hydrophysical and geophysical fields in the World Ocean." The book is recommended to a wide range of readers, as well as to specialists in the field of hydroacoustics, oceanology, and geophysics.


Book
Water Quality of Freshwater Ecosystems in a Temperate Climate
Authors: ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

This Special Issue consists of fourteen original scientific articles concerning different problems associated with the water quality of freshwater ecosystems in a temperate climate. Most of the articles deal with the relationship between water quality and the structure of ecosystem biocenoses. The conclusion of these articles confirms the fact that the deterioration of water quality has a direct impact on the quantitative and qualitative structure of biocenoses. This is accompanied by a decline in biodiversity and the disappearance of rare plant and animal species. They also draw attention to the particular importance of internal physical and chemical differentiation within the aquatic ecosystem, both in horizontal and vertical dimensions. The problem of ensuring proper ecological conditions and good quality of water in freshwater aquatic ecosystems is also raised, and various methods for the restoration of water bodies are presented. This Special Issue contributes to a better understanding of the causes of water quality deterioration, the mechanisms responsible for the functioning of ecosystems, including the decrease of biodiversity and the possibilities of improving their condition. Thus, it can be helpful for regaining the good ecological status of water bodies required by the Water Framework Directive.

Keywords

Research & information: general --- biomanipulation --- chlorophyll-a --- hypolimnion aeration --- nutrients --- phosphorus inactivation --- invertebrates --- hydrological regime --- diversity --- water bodies --- water quality --- strontium isotopes --- springs --- meromictic lake --- eutrophication --- catchment --- nutrient load --- agriculture --- European Water Framework Directive --- shallow lake --- stratified lake --- functional groups of phytoplankton --- innovative method of restoration --- oxygenation near the bottom sediments --- phytoplankton biomass --- restoration treatment --- small lake --- sustainable restoration --- rotifers --- microcrustaceans --- aquatic vegetation --- small water bodies --- human-induced impact --- ecological assessment --- macroinvertebrates --- zooplankton --- anthropogenic impact --- stream ecology --- riverbed regulation --- soft water lake --- Lobelia dortmanna --- Littorella uniflora --- Isoëtes lacustris --- human impact --- cyanobacteria --- Daphnia --- harmful algal bloom mitigation --- phytoplankton --- reactive oxygen specie --- water level fluctuation --- multi-proxy approach --- Cladocera --- Chironomidae --- diatoms --- Northern Europe --- West Africa --- climate change --- rainfall variability --- riverbanks --- floodplain lakes --- Carabidae --- stenotopic species --- assemblage --- overgrown --- surface microlayer --- phytoneuston --- metals --- urban water body --- ciliate assemblages --- oxygen concentration --- ecological optimum --- lake --- freshwater habitats --- biodiversity --- aquatic plants --- plankton assemblages --- water cycle --- freshwater ecosystems restoration


Book
Dinophysis toxins : distribution, fate in shellfish and impacts
Authors: ---
ISBN: 3039213644 3039213636 Year: 2019 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Several species of Dinophysis produce one or two groups of lipophilic toxins: okadaic acid (OA) and its derivatives; or the dinophysistoxins (DTXs) (also known as diarrhetic shellfish poisons or DSP toxins) and pectenotoxins (PTXs). DSP toxins are potent inhibitors of protein phosphatases, causing gastrointestinal intoxication in consumers of contaminated seafood. Forty years after the identification of Dinophysis as the causative agent of DSP in Japan, contamination of filter feeding shellfish exposed to Dinophysis blooms is recognized as a problem worldwide. DSP events affect public health and cause considerable losses to the shellfish industry. Costly monitoring programs are implemented in regions with relevant shellfish production to prevent these socioeconomic impacts. Harvest closures are enforced whenever toxin levels exceed regulatory limits (RLs). Dinophysis species are kleptoplastidic dinoflagellates; they feed on ciliates (Mesodinium genus) that have previously acquired plastids from cryptophycean (genera Teleaulax, Plagioselmis, and Geminigera) nanoflagellates. The interactions of Dinophysis with different prey regulate their growth and toxin production. When Dinophysis cells are ingested by shellfish, their toxins are partially biotransformed and bioaccumulated, rendering the shellfish unsuitable for human consumption. DSP toxins may also affect shellfish metabolism. This book covers diverse aspects of the abovementioned topics—from the laboratory culture of Dinophysis and the kinetics of uptake, transformation, and depuration of DSP toxins in shellfish to Dinophysis population dynamics, the monitoring and regulation of DSP toxins, and their impact on the shellfish industry in some of the aquaculture regions that are traditionally most affected, namely, northeastern Japan, western Europe, southern Chile, and New Zealand.

Keywords

WitOMI analysis --- n/a --- DST accumulation --- mussel --- dinophysistoxins --- depuration --- human health --- pectenotoxins (PTXs) --- cryptophytes --- Mesodinium --- dinophysis --- compartmentalization --- resistance --- Japanese scallop --- surf clam --- HAB monitoring --- toxins --- organic matter --- OMI analysis --- PTXs --- time-series --- Diarrhetic shellfish toxins --- predator-prey preferences --- immunity --- okadaic acid --- physical–biological interactions --- defense --- digestion --- Dinophysis --- harmful algal blooms --- pectenotoxin --- El Niño Southern Oscillation --- lysate --- suspended particulate matter (SPM) --- D. caudata --- mixotrophic cultures --- Mytilus galloprovincialis --- bivalves --- diarrhetic shellfish poisoning --- biotransformation --- Mesodinium cf. rubrum --- RNA-Seq --- DST esterification --- Mesodinium rubrum --- statistical analysis --- seasonality --- mass culture conditions --- D. acuminata-complex --- Argopecten purpuratus --- harmful algal bloom --- pipis (Plebidonax deltoides) --- DTX-2 --- Reloncaví Fjord --- pectenotoxins --- deep sequencing --- climatic anomaly --- Brazil --- qPCR --- high throughput sequencing --- DSP --- accumulation --- LC/MS/MS --- Protoceratium reticulatum --- shellfish toxicity --- transcriptomic response --- New Zealand --- blooms --- trophic transfer --- metabolism --- bacterial community --- kinetics --- marine biotoxins --- diarrhetic shellfish toxins --- bivalve shellfish --- Diarrhetic Shellfish Toxins (DST) --- diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DST) --- Scotland --- Dinophysis acuminata --- DSP toxins --- toxin accumulation --- Southern Annual Mode --- Diarrheic Shellfish Poisoning --- Dinophysis toxins --- OA --- marine toxins --- toxin vectors --- wild harvest --- Dinophysis acuta --- Sydney rock oyster (Saccostrea glomerata) --- Argopecten irradians --- dinophysistoxin --- Port Underwood --- aquaculture --- niche partitioning --- Dinoflagellates. --- Dinoflagellata --- Dinoflagellida --- Dinophyceae --- Dinophyta --- Pyrrophycophyta --- Pyrrophyta --- Phytoflagellates --- physical-biological interactions --- El Niño Southern Oscillation --- Reloncaví Fjord


Book
Safe management of shellfish and harvest waters
Authors: --- --- ---
ISBN: 1843392259 9781843392255 9789241563826 9241563826 Year: 2009 Publisher: Geneva World Health Organization

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Keywords

Shellfish fisheries --- Shellfish as food --- Shellfish culture --- Water --- Food poisoning --- Sewage --- Waste Products --- Foodborne Diseases --- Environmental Pollution --- Shellfish Poisoning --- Water Pollution --- Public Health --- Poisoning --- Complex Mixtures --- Environment and Public Health --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Substance-Related Disorders --- Health Care --- Diseases --- Community-Based Distribution --- Contraceptive Distribution --- Delivery of Healthcare --- Dental Care Delivery --- Distribution, Non-Clinical --- Distribution, Nonclinical --- Distributional Activities --- Healthcare --- Healthcare Delivery --- Healthcare Systems --- Non-Clinical Distribution --- Nonclinical Distribution --- Delivery of Dental Care --- Health Care Delivery --- Health Care Systems --- Activities, Distributional --- Activity, Distributional --- Care, Health --- Community Based Distribution --- Community-Based Distributions --- Contraceptive Distributions --- Deliveries, Healthcare --- Delivery, Dental Care --- Delivery, Health Care --- Delivery, Healthcare --- Distribution, Community-Based --- Distribution, Contraceptive --- Distribution, Non Clinical --- Distributional Activity --- Distributions, Community-Based --- Distributions, Contraceptive --- Distributions, Non-Clinical --- Distributions, Nonclinical --- Health Care System --- Healthcare Deliveries --- Healthcare System --- Non Clinical Distribution --- Non-Clinical Distributions --- Nonclinical Distributions --- System, Health Care --- System, Healthcare --- Systems, Health Care --- Systems, Healthcare --- Prescription Drug Abuse --- Substance Addiction --- Drug Abuse --- Drug Addiction --- Drug Dependence --- Drug Habituation --- Drug Use Disorders --- Organic Mental Disorders, Substance-Induced --- Substance Abuse --- Substance Dependence --- Substance Use Disorders --- Abuse, Drug --- Abuse, Prescription Drug --- Abuse, Substance --- Abuses, Substance --- Addiction, Drug --- Addiction, Substance --- Dependence, Drug --- Dependence, Substance --- Disorder, Drug Use --- Disorder, Substance Use --- Drug Abuse, Prescription --- Drug Use Disorder --- Habituation, Drug --- Organic Mental Disorders, Substance Induced --- Substance Abuses --- Substance Use Disorder --- Drug and Narcotic Control --- Disruptive, Impulse Control, and Conduct Disorders --- Psychoses, Alcoholic --- Social Problems --- Illicit Drugs --- Designer Drugs --- Behavior, Addictive --- Codependency, Psychological --- Alcohol-Related Disorders --- Prescription Drug Misuse --- Complex Extracts --- Crude Extracts --- Extracts, Complex --- Extracts, Crude --- Mixtures, Complex --- Poisonings --- Pharmaceutical Preparations --- Community Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine & Public Health --- Environment, Preventive Medicine and Public Health --- Health, Community --- Health, Public --- Preventive Medicine --- Education, Public Health Professional --- Thermal Water Pollution --- Water Pollution, Thermal --- Pollution, Thermal Water --- Pollution, Water --- Pollutions, Thermal Water --- Pollutions, Water --- Thermal Water Pollutions --- Water Pollutions --- Water Pollutions, Thermal --- Sludge Flocs --- Sludge --- Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning --- Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning --- Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning --- Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning --- Amnesic Shellfish Poisonings --- Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisonings --- Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisonings --- Paralytic Shellfish Poisonings --- Poisoning, Amnesic Shellfish --- Poisoning, Diarrhetic Shellfish --- Poisoning, Neurotoxic Shellfish --- Poisoning, Paralytic Shellfish --- Poisoning, Shellfish --- Poisonings, Amnesic Shellfish --- Poisonings, Diarrhetic Shellfish --- Poisonings, Neurotoxic Shellfish --- Poisonings, Paralytic Shellfish --- Poisonings, Shellfish --- Shellfish Poisoning, Amnesic --- Shellfish Poisoning, Diarrhetic --- Shellfish Poisoning, Neurotoxic --- Shellfish Poisoning, Paralytic --- Shellfish Poisonings --- Shellfish Poisonings, Amnesic --- Shellfish Poisonings, Diarrhetic --- Shellfish Poisonings, Neurotoxic --- Shellfish Poisonings, Paralytic --- Shellfish --- Shellfish Hypersensitivity --- Harmful Algal Bloom --- Pollution, Environmental --- Soil Pollution --- Pollution, Soil --- Environmental Pollutants --- Food-borne Diseases --- Food-borne Illnesses --- Foodborne Illnesses --- Poisoning, Food --- Food Poisoning --- Disease, Food-borne --- Disease, Foodborne --- Food Poisonings --- Food borne Diseases --- Food borne Illnesses --- Food-borne Disease --- Foodborne Disease --- Illnesses, Foodborne --- Food --- Dietary Exposure --- Food Hypersensitivity --- Product, Waste --- Products, Waste --- Waste Product --- Domestic effluent --- Domestic sewage --- Domestic wastewater --- Effluent (Sewage) --- Industrial effluent --- Industrial wastewater --- Sewage effluent --- Waste water --- Waste waters --- Wastewater --- Wastewaters --- Sewerage --- Bacterial food poisoning --- Food intoxications --- Intoxications, Food --- Foodborne diseases --- Farming, Shellfish --- Shellfish aquaculture --- Shellfish cultivation --- Shellfish farming --- Aquaculture --- Seafood --- Crustacean fisheries --- Mollusk fisheries --- Shellfisheries --- Fisheries --- Sanitation --- Contamination --- Environmental aspects --- Pollution --- Prevention --- Microbiology --- poisoning --- Cultivation --- Cultures and culture media --- Environmental Sciences and Forestry. Water Management --- Zoology and Animal Sciences. Farm and Captive Animals --- Basic Sciences. Biotechnology --- Zoology and Animal Sciences. Veterinary Science --- Environmental Sciences and Forestry. Environmental Management --- Water Quality. --- Cultured Shellfish and Crustaceans. --- Biosafety, Risk Evaluation. --- Animal Pathology --- Infectious Diseases. --- Water Pollution.

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