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This document summarizes the work of a multidisciplinary group of twelve experts, brought together by Inserm (French National Institute for Health and Medical Research) as part of a collective expert report procedure (Appendix) at the request of the French health authorities. The review, originally published in French, explores the health and socio-economic burden of alcohol consumption and is based on the academic literature available in the first half of 2020. Nearly 3,600 articles constituted the document base for this expert report. The analysis covers recent data on alcohol consumption levels and patterns, the impact of alcohol on health (including low consumption levels and also damage specific to the perinatal period), the socio-economic costs of alcohol, risk factors for consumption, and aspects related to the marketing and lobbying activities of the alcohol industry. Measures for reducing alcohol-related harm are examined and evaluated, including primary and secondary prevention (restricting supply and demand, screening, interventions, alcohol abstinence challenges), as well as management of alcohol dependency. It concludes with a series of recommendations for both public policy and research. Those which have proven their effectiveness are highlighted and must be integrated at the heart of a public health policy of harm reduction based on reducing alcohol consumption.

Health policy. --- Harm reduction.

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"Subject areas/key words: abstinence, addictions, addictive behaviors, alcoholism, counseling, dependence, drug abuse, dual diagnosis, harm reduction, interventions, psychotherapy, recovery, substance use disorders, treatments Brief Summary: This acclaimed clinical guide has helped thousands of clinicians put the proven principles of harm reduction into practice with therapy clients who have substance use problems. Written by pioneers in the field, the book shows how to do effective therapeutic work with people still using alcohol or other drugs. It provides clear guidelines for conducting comprehensive assessments, making collaborative treatment decisions, and implementing interventions that combine motivational, cognitive-behavioral, and psychodynamic strategies. The focus is reducing drug-related harm while also addressing co-occurring psychological and emotional difficulties. Detailed clinical illustrations are featured throughout"--Provided by publisher "This acclaimed clinical guide has helped thousands of clinicians put the proven principles of harm reduction into practice with therapy clients who have substance use problems. Written by pioneers in the field, the book shows how to do effective therapeutic work with people still using alcohol or other drugs. It provides clear guidelines for conducting comprehensive assessments, making collaborative treatment decisions, and implementing interventions that combine motivational, cognitive-behavioral, and psychodynamic strategies. The focus is reducing drug-related harm while also addressing co-occurring psychological and emotional difficulties. Detailed clinical illustrations are featured throughout. New to This Edition *Reflects over a decade of research advances and the tremendous growth of harm reduction clinical practice and training. *Section on applications, with chapters on community-based settings, harm reduction groups, and working with families and friends. *Chapters on biological and psychodynamic aspects of treatment. *Expanded discussions of trauma, cultural sensitivity, and ethics. *Supplemental resources and training materials at the authors' website. "--Provided by publisher

Diagnosis, Differential --- Psychotherapy --- Substance-Related Disorders --- Harm Reduction --- methods --- prevention & control --- Substance abuse --- Harm reduction

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Public health --- Public health --- Harm reduction --- Medical policy

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Harm reduction --- Drug abuse --- Drug addiction --- Treatment --- Alternative treatment --- Psychology

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We undertook an overview over systematic reviews in order to give The Norwegian Health Directorate better documentation for interventions to counter overserving, serving underage people and alcohol-related harm/injuries linked to drinking venues. We included five systematic reviews of high to moderate methodological quality. The included reviews assessed the effect of different types of training for servers and owners/managers, enforcement of alcohol laws, heightened police supervisions and various community interventions. All interventions were compared to no interventions. Based on our results and our assessment of the quality of the documentation for effects of the preventive interventions in the five included systematic reviews, we draw the following conclusions:1. Server training interventions probably make little or no difference to observed aggression exhibited by patrons, staff or self-reported server behaviour measured with behaviour index. The quality of the evidence has been assessed as moderate.2. Training for servers and owners/managers may make little or no difference to observed server behaviour measured with pseudo-drunk actors.3. Policy enforcement checks may make a little difference to observed server behaviour measured with alcohol sales to minor in the short term.4. Heightened police supervision with regard to serving underage and intoxicated people may make little or no difference to violence.5. Community interventions to counter overserving may slightly reduce police reported violence. These interventions may make little or no difference to underage purchase attempts, beer sales to underage and access to alcohol.6. The quality of the evidence has been assessed as low. For most of the other identified comparisons, we have assessed the quality of the evidence as very low.

Alcoholism --- Restaurants --- Harm reduction. --- Treatment. --- Law and legislation.