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Small interfering RNA. --- piRNA (Piwi-interacting RNA) --- Piwi-interacting RNA --- Piwi protein-interacting RNA --- rasiRNA (Repeat-associated small interfering RNA) --- Repeat-associated siRNA --- Repeat-associated small interfering RNA --- Scan RNA --- scnRNA (Small scan RNA) --- Short hairpin RNA --- Short interfering RNA --- shRNA (Short hairpin RNA) --- siRNA (Small interfering RNA) --- Small hairpin RNA --- Small scan RNA --- tasiRNA (Trans-acting small interfering RNA) --- Trans-acting siRNA --- Trans-acting small interfering RNA --- Antisense RNA

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The past decade has witnessed a true revolution in our understanding of how RNA molecules can reduce or silence gene expression, a process that holds great promise in basic research and for antiviral and anticancer applications. In RNA Silencing: Methods and Protocols, many of the most notable and distinguished researchers in the field describe in step-by-step detail their best methods for the design, preparation, and use of RNAs to reduce gene expression in cells and organisms. The techniques range widely and include methods addressing the biochemical aspects of the silencing machinery, RNA silencing in non-mammalian organisms, and the in vivo delivery of siRNAs and silencing vectors. There are also techniques for designing, preparing, and using RNAs to silence gene expression, for fine-tuning regulation by targeting specific isoforms of a given gene, and for the study and use of microRNAs. The protocols follow the successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series format, each offering step-by-step laboratory instructions, an introduction outlining the principle behind the technique, lists of the necessary equipment and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and state-of-the-art, RNA Silencing: Methods and Protocols offers today's laboratory investigators a host of optimized and validated techniques to study RNA silencing and translate its concepts into successful practical applications.

Gene expression regulation --- Gene silencing --- Micrornas --- Rna interference. --- Rna, small interfering --- Small interfering rna --- Genetics. --- Physiology. --- Small interfering RNA --- Gene inactivation --- Inactivation, Gene --- Silencing, Gene --- piRNA (Piwi-interacting RNA) --- Piwi-interacting RNA --- Piwi protein-interacting RNA --- rasiRNA (Repeat-associated small interfering RNA) --- Repeat-associated siRNA --- Repeat-associated small interfering RNA --- Scan RNA --- scnRNA (Small scan RNA) --- Short hairpin RNA --- Short interfering RNA --- shRNA (Short hairpin RNA) --- siRNA (Small interfering RNA) --- Small hairpin RNA --- Small scan RNA --- tasiRNA (Trans-acting small interfering RNA) --- Trans-acting siRNA --- Trans-acting small interfering RNA --- Genetic regulation --- Antisense RNA --- Cytology. --- Cell Biology. --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Cytologists

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MicroRNAs constitute a particularly important class of small RNAs given their abundance, broad phylogenetic conservation and strong regulatory effects, with plant miRNAs uniquely divulging their ancient evolutionary origins and their strong post-transcriptional regulatory effects. In Plant MicroRNAs: Methods and Protocols, experts in the field present chapters that focus on the identification, validation, and characterization of the miRNA class of RNAs, and address important aspects about heterochromatic small interfering RNAs. In addition, the methods contained in this volume emphasize miRNA analyses, but also include ways to distinguish one class of small RNAs from another. As a volume in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology™ series, chapters include brief introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and notes on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and easy to use, Plant MicroRNAs: Methods and Protocols provides the research community with a set of protocols that will help advance vital miRNA research for all plant species, both in typical model species and non-model species alike.

Micrornas --- Molecular biology --- Plant molecular genetics --- Plants --- Rna, small interfering --- Small interfering rna. --- Methods --- Research --- Methodology. --- Genetics --- Small interfering RNA --- Petits ARN interférents --- RNA, Small Interfering --- MicroRNAs --- RNA, Antisense --- RNA, Small Untranslated --- Antisense Elements (Genetics) --- RNA, Untranslated --- Petits ARN interférents --- Noncoding RNA --- RNA, Non-Coding --- RNA, Non-Peptide-Coding --- RNA, Non-Protein-Coding --- RNA, Noncoding --- RNA, Nontranslated --- npcRNA --- Non-Coding RNA --- Non-Peptide-Coding RNA --- Non-Protein-Coding RNA --- Nontranslated RNA --- RNA, Non Coding --- RNA, Non Peptide Coding --- RNA, Non Protein Coding --- Untranslated RNA --- Anti-Sense Elements --- Anti-Sense Probes --- Antisense Probes --- Anti Sense Elements --- Anti Sense Probes --- Elements, Anti-Sense --- Probes, Anti-Sense --- Probes, Antisense --- Short Noncoding RNA --- Small Non-Coding RNA --- Small Non-Messenger RNA --- Small Non-Protein-Coding RNA --- Small Noncoding RNA --- Small Untranslated RNA --- sncRNA --- sncRNAs --- Non-Coding RNA, Small --- Non-Messenger RNA, Small --- Non-Protein-Coding RNA, Small --- Noncoding RNA, Short --- Noncoding RNA, Small --- RNA, Short Noncoding --- RNA, Small Non-Coding --- RNA, Small Non-Messenger --- RNA, Small Non-Protein-Coding --- RNA, Small Noncoding --- Small Non Coding RNA --- Small Non Messenger RNA --- Small Non Protein Coding RNA --- Untranslated RNA, Small --- Anti-Sense RNA --- Antisense RNA --- Anti Sense RNA --- RNA, Anti-Sense --- Plant --- Micro RNA --- MicroRNA --- Primary MicroRNA --- Primary miRNA --- miRNAs --- pre-miRNA --- pri-miRNA --- RNA, Small Temporal --- Small Temporal RNA --- miRNA --- stRNA --- MicroRNA, Primary --- RNA, Micro --- Temporal RNA, Small --- miRNA, Primary --- pre miRNA --- pri miRNA --- Methodological Studies --- Methodological Study --- Studies, Methodological --- Study, Methodological --- Method --- Short Hairpin RNA --- Short Interfering RNA --- Small Hairpin RNA --- Small Interfering RNA --- piRNA --- scnRNA --- shRNA --- tasiRNA --- Piwi-Interacting RNA --- RNA, Piwi-Interacting --- RNA, Scan --- Repeat-Associated siRNA --- Scan RNA --- Small Scan RNA --- Trans-Acting siRNA --- siRNA --- siRNA, Repeat-Associated --- siRNA, Trans-Acting --- Hairpin RNA, Short --- Hairpin RNA, Small --- Interfering RNA, Short --- Interfering RNA, Small --- Piwi Interacting RNA --- RNA, Piwi Interacting --- RNA, Short Hairpin --- RNA, Short Interfering --- RNA, Small Hairpin --- RNA, Small Scan --- Repeat Associated siRNA --- Scan RNA, Small --- Trans Acting siRNA --- siRNA, Repeat Associated --- siRNA, Trans Acting --- piRNA (Piwi-interacting RNA) --- Piwi-interacting RNA --- Piwi protein-interacting RNA --- rasiRNA (Repeat-associated small interfering RNA) --- Repeat-associated siRNA --- Repeat-associated small interfering RNA --- scnRNA (Small scan RNA) --- Short hairpin RNA --- Short interfering RNA --- shRNA (Short hairpin RNA) --- siRNA (Small interfering RNA) --- Small hairpin RNA --- Small scan RNA --- tasiRNA (Trans-acting small interfering RNA) --- Trans-acting siRNA --- Trans-acting small interfering RNA --- Methodology --- Biochemistry. --- Botany. --- Plant genetics. --- Medical genetics. --- Biochemistry, general. --- Plant Sciences. --- Plant Genetics and Genomics. --- Gene Function. --- Botanical science --- Phytobiology --- Phytography --- Phytology --- Plant biology --- Plant science --- Biology --- Natural history --- Biological chemistry --- Chemical composition of organisms --- Organisms --- Physiological chemistry --- Chemistry --- Medical sciences --- Clinical genetics --- Diseases --- Heredity of disease --- Human genetics --- Pathology --- Genetic disorders --- Composition --- Genetic aspects --- Floristic botany

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The critically acclaimed laboratory standard, Methods in Enzymology, is one of the most highly respected publications in the field of biochemistry. Since 1955, each volume has been eagerly awaited, frequently consulted, and praised by researchers and reviewers alike. The series contains much material still relevant today - truly an essential publication for researchers in all fields of life sciences.RNA Interference will cover RNAi in non-vertebrates (plants, C. elegans, drosophila, and S. pombe), and Mammalian systems (human and non-human cells). This volume discusses e

RNA Interference. --- Small interfering RNA. --- RNA Interference --- RNA, Small Interfering --- Gene Silencing --- Epigenesis, Genetic --- RNA, Antisense --- RNA, Small Untranslated --- RNA --- Antisense Elements (Genetics) --- RNA, Untranslated --- Gene Expression Regulation --- Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides --- Genetic Processes --- Nucleic Acids --- Genetic Phenomena --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Phenomena and Processes --- RNA editing --- Gene silencing --- Small interfering RNA --- piRNA (Piwi-interacting RNA) --- Piwi-interacting RNA --- Piwi protein-interacting RNA --- rasiRNA (Repeat-associated small interfering RNA) --- Repeat-associated siRNA --- Repeat-associated small interfering RNA --- Scan RNA --- scnRNA (Small scan RNA) --- Short hairpin RNA --- Short interfering RNA --- shRNA (Short hairpin RNA) --- siRNA (Small interfering RNA) --- Small hairpin RNA --- Small scan RNA --- tasiRNA (Trans-acting small interfering RNA) --- Trans-acting siRNA --- Trans-acting small interfering RNA --- Gene inactivation --- Inactivation, Gene --- Silencing, Gene --- Editing, RNA --- Messenger RNA editing --- mRNA editing --- Ribonucleic acid --- Ribose nucleic acid --- Antisense RNA --- Genetic regulation --- Nucleic acids --- Ribose

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MicroRNAs (miRNA) are tiny bits of genetic material that were unknown nearly 10 years ago but now represent an exciting field of study in biology. Upon their discovery, researchers revealed for the first time a new mechanism by which microRNA can stop the function of messenger RNA (mRNA) by literally cutting it in half, interfering with the normal function of specific messenger RNAs in gene expression. This ""expression"" of genes that code for essential proteins is essentially what controls whether a cell turns into a liver, lung, or brain cell, for example. Understanding what activat

MicroRNAs. --- RNA, Small Interfering. --- Small interfering RNA. --- MicroRNAs --- RNA, Messenger --- Sequence Analysis, RNA --- RNA --- RNA, Antisense --- Sequence Analysis --- RNA, Small Untranslated --- RNA, Untranslated --- Nucleic Acids --- Genetic Techniques --- Antisense Elements (Genetics) --- Investigative Techniques --- Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides --- Chemicals and Drugs --- Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment --- Animal Biochemistry --- Human Anatomy & Physiology --- Health & Biological Sciences --- Physiology. --- Animal physiology --- Animals --- piRNA (Piwi-interacting RNA) --- Piwi-interacting RNA --- Piwi protein-interacting RNA --- rasiRNA (Repeat-associated small interfering RNA) --- Repeat-associated siRNA --- Repeat-associated small interfering RNA --- Scan RNA --- scnRNA (Small scan RNA) --- Short hairpin RNA --- Short interfering RNA --- shRNA (Short hairpin RNA) --- siRNA (Small interfering RNA) --- Small hairpin RNA --- Small scan RNA --- tasiRNA (Trans-acting small interfering RNA) --- Trans-acting siRNA --- Trans-acting small interfering RNA --- Physiology --- Biology --- Anatomy --- Antisense RNA