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This book contains a collection of recent peer-reviewed articles on the topic "Crop Adaptation to Elevated CO2 and Temperature" published in Plants. Topics range from meta-analyses of crop responses, to descriptions and results of large-scale screening efforts, to molecular studies of changes in gene expression related to fruit quality.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Technology, engineering, agriculture --- adaptation --- breeding --- CO2 --- CWR --- seed yield --- goji berry --- sugar metabolism --- elevated CO2 --- functional domain --- gene cloning and expression --- Lens culinaris --- climate change adaptation --- root development --- root depth distribution --- climate change --- heat stress --- nitrogen assimilation --- nitrogen metabolism --- nitrogen uptake --- Solanum --- tomato --- warming --- Solanum tuberosum --- tuber --- sink organ --- ambient temperature --- cell proliferation --- grain quality --- cereals --- yield and quality --- high [CO2] --- predicted future climate --- high temperature --- grain quality traits --- drought stress --- Genovese cultivar --- photosynthesis --- stomatal conductance --- chlorophyll --- carotenoids --- antioxidant defense metabolites --- early growth stage --- ethylene --- IAA conjugates --- indole-3-acetic acid --- invasiveness --- lupine seedlings --- simulated conditions --- warming simulation --- grain yield --- biomass --- bread wheat --- genotypes --- barley --- CO2 enrichment --- Hordeum vulgare L. --- water-use efficiency --- yield --- gravitropic angle of curvature --- initial root --- lateral root number --- primary root --- root system architecture --- simulated warming --- n/a

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This book contains a collection of recent peer-reviewed articles on the topic "Crop Adaptation to Elevated CO2 and Temperature" published in Plants. Topics range from meta-analyses of crop responses, to descriptions and results of large-scale screening efforts, to molecular studies of changes in gene expression related to fruit quality.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Technology, engineering, agriculture --- adaptation --- breeding --- CO2 --- CWR --- seed yield --- goji berry --- sugar metabolism --- elevated CO2 --- functional domain --- gene cloning and expression --- Lens culinaris --- climate change adaptation --- root development --- root depth distribution --- climate change --- heat stress --- nitrogen assimilation --- nitrogen metabolism --- nitrogen uptake --- Solanum --- tomato --- warming --- Solanum tuberosum --- tuber --- sink organ --- ambient temperature --- cell proliferation --- grain quality --- cereals --- yield and quality --- high [CO2] --- predicted future climate --- high temperature --- grain quality traits --- drought stress --- Genovese cultivar --- photosynthesis --- stomatal conductance --- chlorophyll --- carotenoids --- antioxidant defense metabolites --- early growth stage --- ethylene --- IAA conjugates --- indole-3-acetic acid --- invasiveness --- lupine seedlings --- simulated conditions --- warming simulation --- grain yield --- biomass --- bread wheat --- genotypes --- barley --- CO2 enrichment --- Hordeum vulgare L. --- water-use efficiency --- yield --- gravitropic angle of curvature --- initial root --- lateral root number --- primary root --- root system architecture --- simulated warming --- adaptation --- breeding --- CO2 --- CWR --- seed yield --- goji berry --- sugar metabolism --- elevated CO2 --- functional domain --- gene cloning and expression --- Lens culinaris --- climate change adaptation --- root development --- root depth distribution --- climate change --- heat stress --- nitrogen assimilation --- nitrogen metabolism --- nitrogen uptake --- Solanum --- tomato --- warming --- Solanum tuberosum --- tuber --- sink organ --- ambient temperature --- cell proliferation --- grain quality --- cereals --- yield and quality --- high [CO2] --- predicted future climate --- high temperature --- grain quality traits --- drought stress --- Genovese cultivar --- photosynthesis --- stomatal conductance --- chlorophyll --- carotenoids --- antioxidant defense metabolites --- early growth stage --- ethylene --- IAA conjugates --- indole-3-acetic acid --- invasiveness --- lupine seedlings --- simulated conditions --- warming simulation --- grain yield --- biomass --- bread wheat --- genotypes --- barley --- CO2 enrichment --- Hordeum vulgare L. --- water-use efficiency --- yield --- gravitropic angle of curvature --- initial root --- lateral root number --- primary root --- root system architecture --- simulated warming

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The evolution and need for the preservation and maintenance of existing structures, recent or historical, has fostered research in the area of structural monitoring, translated into the development of new techniques, equipment and sensors. Early detection of damage and accurate assessment of structural safety requires monitoring systems, the data from which can be used to calibrate numerical models for structural analysis and to assess safety. Data are obtained under real-time conditions, considering a group of parameters related to structural properties, such as stresses, accelerations, deformations and displacements. The analysis of structural properties is particularly relevant when the structure is subjected to extreme events (earthquakes, wind, fire and explosions, among others) or repeated loads (road/rail/air traffic, vibrations induced by equipment and machines), since they affect the structural integrity and put the users at risk. In order to prevent the severe damage and eventual collapse of structures, and consequent human, material and economic losses, the implementation of monitoring systems becomes a valuable tool for today's society. Monitoring of structures is becoming increasingly important, not only as preventive action, but also due to actual economic and sustainability concerns, to ensure a safer and more comfortable built environment.

History of engineering & technology --- image-based measurement --- crack measurement --- shear cracks --- flexural cracks --- damage index --- nuclear power plant --- visual inspection --- photometric stereo --- 3D reconstruction --- rotating stall --- non-synchronous blade vibration --- blade tip timing --- centrifugal compressor --- distributed measurements --- fiber optic sensors --- scour --- soil-structure interaction --- winkler model --- equivalent length --- corrosion sensor --- oil and gas pipelines --- optical fibers --- Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) --- distributed optical fiber strain sensing cable --- Brillouin scattering --- Rayleigh scattering --- strain sensing cable characterization --- elasto-plastic behavior --- strain sensitivity coefficients --- bridge damage detection --- fiber optic gyroscope --- deep learning --- convolutional neural network --- Fiber Bragg grating --- fiber optic sensors embedded in concrete --- strain measurement --- monitoring --- cracking --- weldable fiber optic sensors --- optical fiber sensors --- material extrusion --- hybrid processes --- temperature and strain monitoring --- similarity measure --- subway tunnel --- distributed vibration --- feature extraction --- autoencoder --- ultra-weak FBG --- hyperspectral imaging --- spectral indices --- random forest --- growth stage --- Fusarium head blight --- structural health monitoring --- load localization --- load estimation --- depth sensor --- artificial neural networks --- castigliano’s theorem --- crack detection --- crack opening --- distributed fiber optic sensors --- DIC --- UHPFRC --- testing --- SHM --- microcracking --- PAD --- environmental monitoring --- colorimetric detection --- water --- atmosphere --- image-based measurement --- crack measurement --- shear cracks --- flexural cracks --- damage index --- nuclear power plant --- visual inspection --- photometric stereo --- 3D reconstruction --- rotating stall --- non-synchronous blade vibration --- blade tip timing --- centrifugal compressor --- distributed measurements --- fiber optic sensors --- scour --- soil-structure interaction --- winkler model --- equivalent length --- corrosion sensor --- oil and gas pipelines --- optical fibers --- Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) --- distributed optical fiber strain sensing cable --- Brillouin scattering --- Rayleigh scattering --- strain sensing cable characterization --- elasto-plastic behavior --- strain sensitivity coefficients --- bridge damage detection --- fiber optic gyroscope --- deep learning --- convolutional neural network --- Fiber Bragg grating --- fiber optic sensors embedded in concrete --- strain measurement --- monitoring --- cracking --- weldable fiber optic sensors --- optical fiber sensors --- material extrusion --- hybrid processes --- temperature and strain monitoring --- similarity measure --- subway tunnel --- distributed vibration --- feature extraction --- autoencoder --- ultra-weak FBG --- hyperspectral imaging --- spectral indices --- random forest --- growth stage --- Fusarium head blight --- structural health monitoring --- load localization --- load estimation --- depth sensor --- artificial neural networks --- castigliano’s theorem --- crack detection --- crack opening --- distributed fiber optic sensors --- DIC --- UHPFRC --- testing --- SHM --- microcracking --- PAD --- environmental monitoring --- colorimetric detection --- water --- atmosphere

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Ecophysiological mechanisms underlie plant responses to environmental conditions and the influence these responses have on ecological patterns and processes. In this Special Issue, with a particular interest in the interactions between climate change, environmental disturbance, and functional ecology, experimental observations are described at a range of spatial scales. A modeling framework is used in an effort to relate mechanistic responses to ecosystem functions and services, and link forest ecophysiology and environmental indicators. This Special Issue collects important advances in studying and monitoring plant–environment interactions, covering biogeographic gradients from Mediterranean woodlands to boreal forests and from Alpine mountains to tropical environments.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Forestry & related industries --- Leaf δ13C --- Leaf δ15N --- Growth stage --- Environmental factors --- Relative importance --- nitrogen dioxide --- nitrogen metabolism --- photorespiration --- heat dissipation --- excess absorbed light energy --- electron transfer --- photochemical efficiency --- altitude --- non-structural carbohydrates --- nutrients --- ontogeny --- Pinus cembra L. --- Larix decidua Mill --- boreal forest --- leaf temperature --- photosynthesis --- water availability --- leaf thermal damage --- thermoregulation --- endangered --- Sonneratia × hainanensis --- reproductive system --- seed germination --- light --- temperature --- salinity --- Cinnamomum migao --- autotoxicity --- seedling growth --- soil substrate --- soil enzyme --- soil fungi --- TreeSonic --- MOEd --- forest productivity --- dendrochronology --- recruitment period --- Aspromonte National Park --- Sessile oak --- deciduous forest --- carbon sequestration --- wood density --- allometry --- functional traits --- climate niches --- Malus baccata --- MbERF11 --- cold stress --- salt stress --- transgenic plant --- dendrometer --- stem circumference changes --- climate response --- Mediterranean --- Pinus nigra --- Pinus pinaster --- ontogenetic phases --- adaptive strategies --- leaf functional traits --- light environment --- canopy tree species --- carbon isotopes --- climate change --- respiration --- discrimination --- mixed forest --- keeling plot --- branch lifespan --- shoot lifespan --- stem lifespan --- branch shedding --- shoot shedding --- stem shedding --- canopy --- crown development --- tree architecture --- light foraging --- phenotypic plasticity --- shade tolerance --- shade acclimation --- light acclimation --- light regime --- sunfleck --- leaf thickness --- leaf angle --- leaf three-dimensional structure --- n/a

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Ecophysiological mechanisms underlie plant responses to environmental conditions and the influence these responses have on ecological patterns and processes. In this Special Issue, with a particular interest in the interactions between climate change, environmental disturbance, and functional ecology, experimental observations are described at a range of spatial scales. A modeling framework is used in an effort to relate mechanistic responses to ecosystem functions and services, and link forest ecophysiology and environmental indicators. This Special Issue collects important advances in studying and monitoring plant–environment interactions, covering biogeographic gradients from Mediterranean woodlands to boreal forests and from Alpine mountains to tropical environments.

Leaf δ13C --- Leaf δ15N --- Growth stage --- Environmental factors --- Relative importance --- nitrogen dioxide --- nitrogen metabolism --- photorespiration --- heat dissipation --- excess absorbed light energy --- electron transfer --- photochemical efficiency --- altitude --- non-structural carbohydrates --- nutrients --- ontogeny --- Pinus cembra L. --- Larix decidua Mill --- boreal forest --- leaf temperature --- photosynthesis --- water availability --- leaf thermal damage --- thermoregulation --- endangered --- Sonneratia × hainanensis --- reproductive system --- seed germination --- light --- temperature --- salinity --- Cinnamomum migao --- autotoxicity --- seedling growth --- soil substrate --- soil enzyme --- soil fungi --- TreeSonic --- MOEd --- forest productivity --- dendrochronology --- recruitment period --- Aspromonte National Park --- Sessile oak --- deciduous forest --- carbon sequestration --- wood density --- allometry --- functional traits --- climate niches --- Malus baccata --- MbERF11 --- cold stress --- salt stress --- transgenic plant --- dendrometer --- stem circumference changes --- climate response --- Mediterranean --- Pinus nigra --- Pinus pinaster --- ontogenetic phases --- adaptive strategies --- leaf functional traits --- light environment --- canopy tree species --- carbon isotopes --- climate change --- respiration --- discrimination --- mixed forest --- keeling plot --- branch lifespan --- shoot lifespan --- stem lifespan --- branch shedding --- shoot shedding --- stem shedding --- canopy --- crown development --- tree architecture --- light foraging --- phenotypic plasticity --- shade tolerance --- shade acclimation --- light acclimation --- light regime --- sunfleck --- leaf thickness --- leaf angle --- leaf three-dimensional structure --- n/a