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This book contains a collection of recent peer-reviewed articles on the topic "Crop Adaptation to Elevated CO2 and Temperature" published in Plants. Topics range from meta-analyses of crop responses, to descriptions and results of large-scale screening efforts, to molecular studies of changes in gene expression related to fruit quality.

adaptation --- breeding --- CO2 --- CWR --- seed yield --- goji berry --- sugar metabolism --- elevated CO2 --- functional domain --- gene cloning and expression --- Lens culinaris --- climate change adaptation --- root development --- root depth distribution --- climate change --- heat stress --- nitrogen assimilation --- nitrogen metabolism --- nitrogen uptake --- Solanum --- tomato --- warming --- Solanum tuberosum --- tuber --- sink organ --- ambient temperature --- cell proliferation --- grain quality --- cereals --- yield and quality --- high [CO2] --- predicted future climate --- high temperature --- grain quality traits --- drought stress --- Genovese cultivar --- photosynthesis --- stomatal conductance --- chlorophyll --- carotenoids --- antioxidant defense metabolites --- early growth stage --- ethylene --- IAA conjugates --- indole-3-acetic acid --- invasiveness --- lupine seedlings --- simulated conditions --- warming simulation --- grain yield --- biomass --- bread wheat --- genotypes --- barley --- CO2 enrichment --- Hordeum vulgare L. --- water-use efficiency --- yield --- gravitropic angle of curvature --- initial root --- lateral root number --- primary root --- root system architecture --- simulated warming --- n/a

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The Mediterranean basin is the main area both for the cultivation of durum wheat and for the consumption of derived food products such as pasta, couscous, and bulgur. The ongoing climate changes and new consumer preferences make the selection of genetic materials suitable for the present scenarios particularly difficult. This Special Issue Book covers several aspects of the genetic improvement of durum wheat, collected in seven chapters including two review papers focused on milestones in durum wheat breeding programs across the countries of the Mediterranean basin and sub-Saharan Africa. Water deficit and heat stress occurring during the reproductive stage of wheat have a detrimental effect on yield and grain quality of durum wheat. The papers included in this Special Issue propose selection strategies for traits associated with yield and grain quality (e.g., root architecture, carbon isotope composition of grain, and gluten quality) under natural or artificial environmental conditions of drought, heat, and nutrient stress. This Special Issue presents new breeding opportunities for selecting modern varieties adapted to climate change and expanding durum wheat production.

Agro-industry --- Ethiopia --- oasis wheat --- pasta wheat --- Senegal River --- value chain --- heat stress --- durum wheat --- yield --- tolerance --- fertility --- climate change --- resilience --- aluminum --- resistance --- durum --- hydroponics --- soil acidity --- Triticum turgidum ssp. durum Desf. --- agronomic traits --- carbon isotope --- days to heading --- grain quality --- yield components --- Mediterranean basin --- breeding --- MAS --- biochemical markers --- quality --- proxy traits --- genetic resources --- root screening --- root architecture --- glutenin polymers --- gluten quality --- high temperature --- nitrogen fertilization

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There is a close link between food and territory. The current challenges are located in precision agriculture and food metrology from the perspective of monitoring and improving food quality, and addressing the promotion of diversity of agroecosystems and diets. Research studies describing factors affecting food quality—such as agronomic conditions, post-harvest elicitors, cultivar selection, harvest date, or environmental influences—are welcome. Sustainable environmental and innovative practices should be promoted. Advanced techniques, such as mass spectrometry, infrared, and Raman spectroscopy in the monitoring and control of foodstuffs to model the agrofood system should be considered. Innovative green technologies should be taken into account. Targeting food approaches should be promoted. Chemometrics applications are welcome. This issue promotes highly interdisciplinary studies, including disciplines from agriculture and biology, chemistry, and nutrition. All types of articles, such as original research, opinions, and reviews, are welcome.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Food & society --- herbal medicinal product --- dried extract --- spouted bed drying --- antioxidant activity --- Rosmarinus officinalis --- powder properties --- Manzanilla --- Tefahi --- Gelb Elfarroudj cultivar --- secoiridoids --- radical scavenging --- UHPLC-HESI-MS --- phenolics --- phenolic compounds --- resveratrol --- linear discriminant analysis --- production–maturation mode discrimination --- amino acids --- fatty acids --- oil --- protein --- starch --- Zea mays L. --- camu-camu powder --- meat --- pH --- S. enterica ser. Typhimurium --- spoilage bacteria --- TBARS --- rapeseed/wheat–rice rotation system --- nitrogen management --- rice yield --- rice quality --- sugars --- carotenoids --- phenolic --- antioxidants --- nutritional quality --- high temperature --- NaCl --- nitrogen fertilizer --- japonica rice cultivars --- grain quality --- starch physicochemical properties --- honey --- physicochemical properties --- colour --- minerals --- trace elements --- ferric reducing-antioxidant power assay --- radical scavenging activity --- spring wheat --- organic agriculture --- Fusarium spp. --- mycotoxins --- quality of grain --- flour yield --- technological value --- microbiomics --- soil metagenomics --- DNA sequencing --- wilt --- rot --- Punica granatum --- metrology --- agriculture --- food --- biodiversity --- literature quantitative analysis --- antioxidant properties --- bee products --- propolis --- plant sources --- medicinal plants --- n/a --- production-maturation mode discrimination --- rapeseed/wheat-rice rotation system

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There is a close link between food and territory. The current challenges are located in precision agriculture and food metrology from the perspective of monitoring and improving food quality, and addressing the promotion of diversity of agroecosystems and diets. Research studies describing factors affecting food quality—such as agronomic conditions, post-harvest elicitors, cultivar selection, harvest date, or environmental influences—are welcome. Sustainable environmental and innovative practices should be promoted. Advanced techniques, such as mass spectrometry, infrared, and Raman spectroscopy in the monitoring and control of foodstuffs to model the agrofood system should be considered. Innovative green technologies should be taken into account. Targeting food approaches should be promoted. Chemometrics applications are welcome. This issue promotes highly interdisciplinary studies, including disciplines from agriculture and biology, chemistry, and nutrition. All types of articles, such as original research, opinions, and reviews, are welcome.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Food & society --- herbal medicinal product --- dried extract --- spouted bed drying --- antioxidant activity --- Rosmarinus officinalis --- powder properties --- Manzanilla --- Tefahi --- Gelb Elfarroudj cultivar --- secoiridoids --- radical scavenging --- UHPLC-HESI-MS --- phenolics --- phenolic compounds --- resveratrol --- linear discriminant analysis --- production-maturation mode discrimination --- amino acids --- fatty acids --- oil --- protein --- starch --- Zea mays L. --- camu-camu powder --- meat --- pH --- S. enterica ser. Typhimurium --- spoilage bacteria --- TBARS --- rapeseed/wheat-rice rotation system --- nitrogen management --- rice yield --- rice quality --- sugars --- carotenoids --- phenolic --- antioxidants --- nutritional quality --- high temperature --- NaCl --- nitrogen fertilizer --- japonica rice cultivars --- grain quality --- starch physicochemical properties --- honey --- physicochemical properties --- colour --- minerals --- trace elements --- ferric reducing-antioxidant power assay --- radical scavenging activity --- spring wheat --- organic agriculture --- Fusarium spp. --- mycotoxins --- quality of grain --- flour yield --- technological value --- microbiomics --- soil metagenomics --- DNA sequencing --- wilt --- rot --- Punica granatum --- metrology --- agriculture --- food --- biodiversity --- literature quantitative analysis --- antioxidant properties --- bee products --- propolis --- plant sources --- medicinal plants --- herbal medicinal product --- dried extract --- spouted bed drying --- antioxidant activity --- Rosmarinus officinalis --- powder properties --- Manzanilla --- Tefahi --- Gelb Elfarroudj cultivar --- secoiridoids --- radical scavenging --- UHPLC-HESI-MS --- phenolics --- phenolic compounds --- resveratrol --- linear discriminant analysis --- production-maturation mode discrimination --- amino acids --- fatty acids --- oil --- protein --- starch --- Zea mays L. --- camu-camu powder --- meat --- pH --- S. enterica ser. Typhimurium --- spoilage bacteria --- TBARS --- rapeseed/wheat-rice rotation system --- nitrogen management --- rice yield --- rice quality --- sugars --- carotenoids --- phenolic --- antioxidants --- nutritional quality --- high temperature --- NaCl --- nitrogen fertilizer --- japonica rice cultivars --- grain quality --- starch physicochemical properties --- honey --- physicochemical properties --- colour --- minerals --- trace elements --- ferric reducing-antioxidant power assay --- radical scavenging activity --- spring wheat --- organic agriculture --- Fusarium spp. --- mycotoxins --- quality of grain --- flour yield --- technological value --- microbiomics --- soil metagenomics --- DNA sequencing --- wilt --- rot --- Punica granatum --- metrology --- agriculture --- food --- biodiversity --- literature quantitative analysis --- antioxidant properties --- bee products --- propolis --- plant sources --- medicinal plants

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Since the 1980s, agriculture and plant breeding have changed with the development of molecular marker technology. In recent decades, different types of molecular markers have been used for different purposes: mapping, marker-assisted selection, characterization of genetic resources, etc. These have produced effective genotyping, but the results have been costly and time-consuming due to the small number of markers that could be tested simultaneously. Recent advances in molecular marker technologies such as the development of high-throughput genotyping platforms, genotyping by sequencing, and the release of the genome sequences of major crop plants have opened new possibilities for advancing crop improvement. This Special Issue collects 16 research studies, including the application of molecular markers in 11 crop species, from the generation of linkage maps and diversity studies to the application of marker-assisted selection and genomic prediction.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- durum wheat --- landraces --- marker-trait association --- root system architecture --- sugarcane --- parental line --- population structure --- plant breeding --- genetic diversity --- simple sequence repeats (SSR) --- Persea americana --- SMRT sequencing --- simple sequence repeat --- genetic relationship --- flavonoid biosynthesis --- fruit coloration --- marker-assisted selection --- microsatellites --- Rubus --- gene prioritization --- linkage disequilibrium --- tropical maize --- brown rice recovery --- milled rice recovery --- head rice recovery --- milling yield traits --- QTL mapping --- rice (Oryza sativa L.) --- tetraploid potato --- SNP markers --- SLAF-seq technology --- high-density genetic linkage map --- genome wide association study --- GWAS water use --- agronomic traits --- MTAs --- candidate genes --- TKW --- sedimentation volume --- SDS --- YR --- drought stress --- association mapping --- QTL hotspot --- seminal root --- gene pyramiding --- aroma --- QTL --- chromosome --- selection --- introgression line --- maize (Zea mays L.) --- Striga resistance/tolerance --- F2:3 biparental mapping --- Marker-assisted selection --- persimmon --- sex determination --- fruit astringency --- molecular markers --- genomics --- genomic selection --- genomic prediction --- whole genome regression --- grain quality --- near infra-red spectroscopy --- cereal crop --- sorghum --- multi-trait --- Triticum aestivum --- mapping population --- leaf rust --- stem rust --- pathogen races --- disease resistance --- apricot --- MAS --- breeding --- MATH --- PPV resistance --- agarose --- ParPMC --- ParPMC2-del --- high resolution melting --- ISBP markers --- drought --- MQTL --- wheat variability --- crop breeding --- genetic maps --- GWAS --- marker assisted selection --- DNA sequencing --- durum wheat --- landraces --- marker-trait association --- root system architecture --- sugarcane --- parental line --- population structure --- plant breeding --- genetic diversity --- simple sequence repeats (SSR) --- Persea americana --- SMRT sequencing --- simple sequence repeat --- genetic relationship --- flavonoid biosynthesis --- fruit coloration --- marker-assisted selection --- microsatellites --- Rubus --- gene prioritization --- linkage disequilibrium --- tropical maize --- brown rice recovery --- milled rice recovery --- head rice recovery --- milling yield traits --- QTL mapping --- rice (Oryza sativa L.) --- tetraploid potato --- SNP markers --- SLAF-seq technology --- high-density genetic linkage map --- genome wide association study --- GWAS water use --- agronomic traits --- MTAs --- candidate genes --- TKW --- sedimentation volume --- SDS --- YR --- drought stress --- association mapping --- QTL hotspot --- seminal root --- gene pyramiding --- aroma --- QTL --- chromosome --- selection --- introgression line --- maize (Zea mays L.) --- Striga resistance/tolerance --- F2:3 biparental mapping --- Marker-assisted selection --- persimmon --- sex determination --- fruit astringency --- molecular markers --- genomics --- genomic selection --- genomic prediction --- whole genome regression --- grain quality --- near infra-red spectroscopy --- cereal crop --- sorghum --- multi-trait --- Triticum aestivum --- mapping population --- leaf rust --- stem rust --- pathogen races --- disease resistance --- apricot --- MAS --- breeding --- MATH --- PPV resistance --- agarose --- ParPMC --- ParPMC2-del --- high resolution melting --- ISBP markers --- drought --- MQTL --- wheat variability --- crop breeding --- genetic maps --- GWAS --- marker assisted selection --- DNA sequencing