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Drug Approval --- Drug Evaluation --- Government Regulation

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"The Economics of Health and Health Care is the market-leading health economics textbook, providing comprehensive coverage of all the key topics, balancing economic theory, empirical evidence, and public policy. The ninth edition offers updated material throughout, including two new chapters: Disparities in Health and Health Care (Chapter 7) examines issues of race, ethnicity, income, gender, and geography with respect to health care access, health inputs, and health outcomes; Pandemic Economics (Chapter 9) introduces a new and simplified economic treatment of epidemics and pandemics within the context of COVID-19. The book further highlights the impacts of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and updates the path-breaking comparative analyses across countries to focus on the differences in access and costs. The book continues to provide a clear, step-by-step understanding of health economics, making economic principles accessible to students, supported by boxed examples, figures and tables. Each chapter contains concise summaries, discussion questions and quantitative exercises to promote student learning. There is also a glossary of key terms and an extensive reference list. Instructors are supported by a range of digital supplements. It is the perfect textbook for students and practitioners taking undergraduate and postgraduate courses in health economics, health policy and public health"--

Economics, Medical --- Health Policy --- Health Care Reform --- Government Regulation --- economics

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The Coverage and Analysis Group at the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) requested from The Technology Assessment Program (TAP) at the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) a horizon scan to summarize the available scientific evidence on the quality of laboratory-developed ("home brew" or "in-house") molecular tests, which are currently not actively regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). CMS has concerns about the quality of laboratory-developed tests and the validation currently being performed on these tests. AHRQ assigned this report to the following Evidence-based Practice Center (EPC): ECRI EPC (Contract Number: 290 2007 10063 I). To help CMS to address its concerns, this horizon scan is intended to: 1. identify types of laboratory-developed molecular tests (LDMTs) currently available for conditions relevant to the Medicare over-65-year-old population; 2. identify the methodologies and the processes that have been developed for the assessment of analytical and clinical performance of molecular tests; 3. summarize the role of Federal agencies in regulating LDMTs; and 4. identify the quality standards that have been developed for molecular tests by regulatory bodies, the industry, and the medical community.

Molecular Diagnostic Techniques --- Laboratory Proficiency Testing --- Government Regulation --- standards. --- United States

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Medical policy --- Public health administration --- Health Policy --- Government Regulation --- Policy Making --- Public Health Administration --- trends --- trends

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Based on research in three languages, this text traces the origins of modern medical specialization to 1830s Paris & examines the spread of the concept to Germany, Great Britain and the U.S., showing how it evolved from an outgrowth of academic teaching & research into the dominant mode of medical practice.

Medicine --- Health Workforce --- Specialties and specialists --- History. --- Specialties, Medical --- Government Regulation --- History of Medicine, 19th Cent. --- History of Medicine, 20th Cent. --- Specialism --- history