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Rabbis, Sorcerers, Kings, and Priests examines the impact of the Persian Sasanian context on the Babylonian Talmud, perhaps the most important corpus in the Jewish sacred canon. What impact did the Persian Zoroastrian Empire, as both a real historical force and an imaginary interlocutor, have on rabbinic identity and authority as expressed in the Talmud? Drawing from the field of comparative religion, Jason Sion Mokhtarian addresses this question by bringing into mutual fruition Talmudic studies and ancient Iranology, two historically distinct disciplines. Whereas most research on the Talmud assumes that the rabbis were an insular group isolated from the cultural horizon outside their academies, this book contextualizes the rabbis and the Talmud within a broader sociocultural orbit by drawing from a wide range of sources from Sasanian Iran, including Middle Persian Zoroastrian literature, archaeological data such as seals and inscriptions, and the Aramaic magical bowl spells. Mokhtarian also includes a detailed examination of the Talmud's dozens of texts that portray three Persian "others": the Persians, the Sasanian kings, and the Zoroastrian priests. This book skillfully engages and demonstrates the rich penetration of Persian imperial society and culture on the Jews of late antique Iran.
Judaism --- History --- Talmud --- Talmud Bavli --- Babylonian Talmud --- Talmud, Babylonian --- Talmud Vavilonskiĭ --- Talmoed, Babylonische --- Babylonische Talmoed --- Shas --- Shishah sedarim --- Talmud of Babylonia --- Talmud de Babilonia --- Talmud Babli --- Talmouth --- Talmod --- Iranian influences. --- ancient iranology. --- ancient syncretism. --- aramaic magical bowl spells. --- babylonian talmud. --- comparative religion. --- early modern judaism. --- god and religion. --- iranian studies. --- jewish history. --- jewish studies. --- judaism. --- middle persian zoroastrianism. --- persia. --- persian imperial society. --- persian others. --- persian syncretism. --- sacred jewish texts. --- sasanian empire. --- sasanian kings. --- sasanian religions. --- talmud. --- talmudic studies. --- talmudic study. --- zoroastrian priests.
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In Guatemala City today, Christianity isn't just a belief system--it is a counterinsurgency. Amidst postwar efforts at democratization, multinational mega-churches have conquered street corners and kitchen tables, guiding the faithful to build a sanctified city brick by brick. Drawing on rich interviews and extensive fieldwork, Kevin Lewis O'Neill tracks the culture and politics of one such church, looking at how neo-Pentecostal Christian practices have become acts of citizenship in a new, politically relevant era for Protestantism. Focusing on everyday practices--praying for Guatemala, speaking in tongues for the soul of the nation, organizing prayer campaigns to combat unprecedented levels of crime--O'Neill finds that Christian citizenship has re-politicized the faithful as they struggle to understand what it means to be a believer in a desperately violent Central American city. Innovative, imaginative, conceptually rich, City of God reaches across disciplinary borders as it illuminates the highly charged, evolving relationship between religion, democracy, and the state in Latin America.
Evangelistic work --- Pentecostal churches --- Christianity and politics --- Pentecostal churches. --- Missions --- Guatemala (Guatemala) --- Religion. --- belief system. --- central america. --- christian charity. --- christian citizenship. --- christian soldier. --- christianity. --- christians. --- citizenship. --- counterinsurgency. --- crime. --- cultural studies. --- democracy. --- diaspora. --- god and religion. --- government and government. --- guatemala city. --- guatemala. --- guatemalan culture. --- latin american culture. --- mega churches. --- neo pentecostal christian practices. --- political studies. --- political. --- politics. --- postwar. --- prayer campaigns. --- prayer. --- protestantism. --- religion. --- religious studies. --- spiritual warfare. --- transnational studies.
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During the fourth century A.D., theological controversy divided Christian communities throughout the Eastern half of the Roman Empire. Not only was the truth about God at stake, but also the authority of church leaders, whose legitimacy depended on their claims to represent that truth. In this book, Galvao-Sobrinho argues that out of these disputes was born a new style of church leadership, one in which the power of the episcopal office was greatly increased. The author shows how these disputes compelled church leaders repeatedly to assert their orthodoxy and legitimacy-tasks that required them to mobilize their congregations and engage in action that continuously projected their power in the public arena. These developments were largely the work of prelates of the first half of the fourth century, but the style of command they inaugurated became the basis for a dynamic model of ecclesiastical leadership found throughout late antiquity.
Church history --- Theology, Doctrinal --- Christian leadership --- Arianism. --- History --- alexandria. --- ancient history. --- antioch. --- arian controversy. --- arsenius. --- athanasius. --- christian communities. --- christian history. --- christianity. --- church fathers. --- church history. --- church leaders. --- civic. --- diplomacy. --- doctrinal disputes. --- ecclesiastical leadership. --- engaging. --- faith. --- fourth century. --- god and religion. --- god. --- historical. --- history of christianity. --- jesus christ. --- late antiquity. --- litigation. --- lively. --- orthodoxy. --- political. --- redemption. --- religion. --- religious. --- roman empire. --- scripture. --- spiritual. --- theological controversy. --- theology. --- word of god.
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Yoga classes and Zen meditation, New-Age retreats and nature mysticism-all are part of an ongoing religious experimentation that has surprisingly deep roots in American history. Tracing out the country's Transcendentalist and cosmopolitan religious impulses over the last two centuries, Restless Souls explores America's abiding romance with spirituality as religion's better half. Now in its second edition, including a new preface, Leigh Eric Schmidt's fascinating book provides a rich account of how this open-road spirituality developed in American culture in the first place as well as a sweeping survey of the liberal religious movements that touted it and ensured its continued vitality.
Religion. --- Spirituality --- Spirituality. --- Spiritualität. --- History. --- USA. --- United States --- United States. --- Spiritual-mindedness --- Philosophy --- Religion --- Spiritual life --- Spirituality -- United States -- History.. --- United States -- Religion. --- american culture. --- american history. --- american religion. --- books for history lovers. --- comparative religion. --- easy to read. --- educational books. --- engaging. --- evolution of religion. --- faith. --- god and religion. --- history of religion. --- how to meditate. --- how to relax. --- learning from experts. --- leisure reads. --- meditation. --- nonfiction books. --- philosophy religion. --- religion and politics. --- religion and spirituality. --- religions in america. --- religious cultures. --- religious movements. --- religious studies. --- scholarly written. --- sociology of religion. --- yoga.
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This study of contemporary crypto-Jews-descendants of European Jews forced to convert to Christianity during the Spanish Inquisition-traces the group's history of clandestinely conducting their faith and their present-day efforts to reclaim their past. Janet Liebman Jacobs masterfully combines historical and social scientific theory to fashion a brilliant analysis of hidden ancestry and the transformation of religious and ethnic identity.
Jews --- Marranos --- Identity, Jewish --- Jewish identity --- Jewishness --- Jewish law --- Jewish nationalism --- Conversos --- Maranos --- New Christians (Marranos) --- Crypto-Jews --- Jewish Christians --- Identity. --- Social life and customs. --- Religious life. --- History. --- Ethnic identity --- Race identity --- Legal status, laws, etc. --- United States --- Ethnic relations. --- Marranes --- Juifs --- Histoire --- Vie religieuse --- Identité --- Etats-Unis --- Religion --- Relations interethniques --- Conversos (Marranos) --- Anusim --- Converts --- anthropology. --- christian converts. --- christianity. --- clandestine. --- contemporary jews. --- converted jews. --- crypto jews. --- ethnic identity. --- ethnographers. --- european history. --- european jews. --- faith and religion. --- god and religion. --- historians. --- historical account. --- jewish ancestry. --- jewish descendants. --- jewish heritage. --- jewish history. --- jewish life. --- judaism. --- reclaimed past. --- religious history. --- religious identity. --- retrospective. --- scientific theory. --- social sciences. --- spanish inquisition. --- textbooks.
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Iconic images of medieval pilgrims, such as Chaucer's making their laborious way to Canterbury, conjure a distant time when faith was the only refuge of the ill and infirm, and thousands traveled great distances to pray for healing. Why, then, in an age of advanced biotechnology and medicine, do millions still go on pilgrimages? Why do journeys to important religious shrines-such as Lourdes, Compostela, Fátima, and Medjugorje-constitute a major industry? In Miracle Cures, Robert A. Scott explores these provocative questions and finds that pilgrimage continues to offer answers for many. Its benefits can range from a demonstrable improvement in health to complete recovery. Using research in biomedical and behavioral science, Scott examines accounts of miracle cures at medieval, early modern, and contemporary shrines. He inquires into the power of relics, apparitions, and the transformative nature of sacred journeying and shines new light on the roles belief, hope, and emotion can play in healing.
Spiritual healing. --- Healing --- Miracles. --- God --- Marvelous, The --- Miracle workers --- Spiritual healing --- Supernatural --- Divine healing --- Faith-cure --- Faith healing --- Spiritual therapies --- Miracles --- Religious aspects --- Christianity. --- 265.8 --- 265.8 Geloofsgenezing. Healing. Genezing --- Geloofsgenezing. Healing. Genezing --- Curing (Medicine) --- Therapeutics --- Religious aspects&delete& --- Christianity --- Guérison par la foi --- Guérison --- Aspect religieux --- Christianisme --- Religion and Medicine. --- Spiritual Therapies. --- Spirituality. --- apparitions. --- behavioral science. --- biomedical. --- chaucer. --- christian faith. --- christian miracles. --- christianity. --- compostela. --- contemporary shrines. --- disease. --- faith healing. --- fatima. --- god and religion. --- healing powers. --- health issues. --- human condition. --- lourdes. --- medieval pilgrims. --- medjugorje. --- miracles. --- miraculous cures. --- phenomenon. --- pilgrimage. --- power of god. --- power of prayer. --- recovery. --- relics. --- religious pilgrimages. --- religious shrines. --- sacred journeys. --- saints. --- spiritual.
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How do Muslims relate to Islam in societies that experienced seventy years of Soviet rule? How did the utopian Bolshevik project of remaking the world by extirpating religion from it affect Central Asia? Adeeb Khalid combines insights from the study of both Islam and Soviet history to answer these questions. Arguing that the sustained Soviet assault on Islam destroyed patterns of Islamic learning and thoroughly de-Islamized public life, Khalid demonstrates that Islam became synonymous with tradition and was subordinated to powerful ethnonational identities that crystallized during the Soviet period. He shows how this legacy endures today and how, for the vast majority of the population, a return to Islam means the recovery of traditions destroyed under Communism.Islam after Communism reasons that the fear of a rampant radical Islam that dominates both Western thought and many of Central Asia's governments should be tempered with an understanding of the politics of antiterrorism, which allows governments to justify their own authoritarian policies by casting all opposition as extremist. Placing the Central Asian experience in the broad comparative perspective of the history of modern Islam, Khalid argues against essentialist views of Islam and Muslims and provides a nuanced and well-informed discussion of the forces at work in this crucial region.
Islam --- Islamic renewal --- Islam and politics --- Religion and politics --- Islamic reform --- Islamic revivalism --- Islamic revivalist movement --- Ṣaḥwah (Islam) --- Religious awakening --- Wahhābīyah --- Political science --- Politics, Practical --- Politics and religion --- Religion --- Religions --- Reform --- Renewal --- Religious aspects --- Political aspects --- Asia, Central --- Politics and government. --- antiterrorism. --- authoritarianism. --- bolshevik project. --- central asia. --- communism. --- diplomacy. --- ethnographic identities. --- extremist. --- god and religion. --- history of the soviet union. --- history. --- islam. --- islamic learning. --- modern islam. --- muslims in russia. --- muslims in the soviet union. --- muslims. --- politics. --- radical islam. --- religion and politics. --- religion. --- religious persecution. --- religious tradition. --- religious. --- russia. --- russian history. --- russian muslims. --- soviet assault on islam. --- soviet union. --- terrorism.
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"I'm not perfect," Mateo confessed. "Nobody is. But I try." Secure the Soul shuttles between the life of Mateo, a born-again ex-gang member in Guatemala and the gang prevention programs that work so hard to keep him alive. Along the way, this poignantly written ethnography uncovers the Christian underpinnings of Central American security. In the streets of Guatemala City-amid angry lynch mobs, overcrowded prisons, and paramilitary death squads-millions of dollars empower church missions, faith-based programs, and seemingly secular security projects to prevent gang violence through the practice of Christian piety. With Guatemala increasingly defined by both God and gangs, Secure the Soul details an emerging strategy of geopolitical significance: regional security by way of good Christian living.
Gang prevention --- Church and social problems --- Christianity and social problems --- Social problems and Christianity --- Social problems and the church --- Social problems --- Gang intervention --- Gangs --- Intervention, Gang --- Prevention of gangs --- Crime prevention --- Prevention --- Gang prevention -- Guatemala -- Guatemala. --- Church and social problems -- Guatemala -- Guatemala. --- anthropology. --- born again. --- central america. --- central american security. --- christian piety. --- christianity. --- church missions. --- crime. --- criminology. --- death squads. --- ethnographic research. --- ex gang member. --- faith based programs. --- gang prevention programs. --- gang violence. --- gangs. --- geopolitical. --- god and religion. --- good christian living. --- governmentality. --- guatemala. --- incarceration. --- life and death. --- lynch mobs. --- overcrowded prisons. --- redemption. --- regional security. --- religion. --- religious influences. --- secular security projects. --- social suffering. --- spiritual.
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America's Favorite Holidays explores how five of America's culturally important holidays-Christmas, Valentine's Day, Easter, Halloween, and Thanksgiving-came to be what they are today, seasonal and religious celebrations heavily influenced by modern popular culture. Deftly distilling information from a wide range of sources, Bruce David Forbes reveals often-surprising answers to questions about each holiday's traditions. Was Christmas always as commercialized as it is today? Is Thanksgiving a religious or secular holiday? When did we begin trick-or-treating on Halloween? Appealing and insightful, America's Favorite Holidays satisfies our curiosity about the origins of our holidays and the fascinating ways in which religion and culture mix.
Holidays --- Legal holidays --- National holidays --- Days --- Hours of labor --- Manners and customs --- Memorials --- Anniversaries --- Fasts and feasts --- Vacations --- History. --- United States --- History --- Holidays - United States - History. --- american holidays. --- american studies. --- christianity. --- christmas. --- cultural studies. --- easter bunny. --- easter. --- family. --- god and religion. --- halloween. --- historical. --- history of american holidays. --- history of holidays. --- holidays and traditions. --- important holidays. --- jesus christ. --- modern popular culture. --- national holidays. --- pilgrims. --- presents. --- religion and culture. --- religious celebrations. --- religious holidays. --- santa claus. --- seasonal celebrations. --- spiritual. --- st valentine. --- thanksgiving. --- trick or treating. --- turkey. --- valentines day.
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To Overcome Oneself offers a novel retelling of the emergence of the Western concept of "modern self," demonstrating how the struggle to forge a self was enmeshed in early modern Catholic missionary expansion. Examining the practices of Catholics in Europe and New Spain from the 1520's through the 1760's, the book treats Jesuit techniques of self-formation, namely spiritual exercises and confessional practices, and the relationships between spiritual directors and their subjects. Catholics on both sides of the Atlantic were folded into a dynamic that shaped new concepts of self and, in the process, fueled the global Catholic missionary movement. Molina historicizes Jesuit meditation and narrative self-reflection as modes of self-formation that would ultimately contribute to a new understanding of religion as something private and personal, thereby overturning long-held concepts of personhood, time, space, and social reality. To Overcome Oneself demonstrates that it was through embodied processes that humans have come to experience themselves as split into mind and body. Notwithstanding the self-congratulatory role assigned to "consciousness" in the Western intellectual tradition, early moderns did not think themselves into thinking selves. Rather, "the self" was forged from embodied efforts to transcend self. Yet despite a discourse that situates self as interior, the actual fuel for continued self-transformation required an object-cum-subject-someone else to transform. Two constant questions throughout the book are: Why does the effort to know and transcend self require so many others? And what can we learn about the inherent intersubjectivity of missionary colonialism?
Self (Philosophy) --- Self --- Spiritual exercises. --- Exercises, Spiritual --- Meditations --- Philosophy --- Religious aspects --- Christianity. --- Ignatius, --- Jesuits --- Spiritual life. --- Compagnie de Jésus --- Compañia de Jesus --- Gesellschaft Jesu --- Jesuitas --- Jesuiten --- Jesuiti --- Jezuïten --- Jésuites --- Paters Jezuïten --- Societeit van Jezus --- Society of Jesus --- イエズス会 --- カトリック イエズス会 --- 16th century. --- 17th century. --- 18th century. --- anthropology. --- catholic missionary expansion. --- catholic. --- christian institutions. --- christian organizations. --- christianity. --- god and religion. --- history. --- humanity. --- intellectual tradition. --- jesuit meditation. --- jesuit thought. --- jesuits. --- latin america. --- mind and body. --- missionary colonialism. --- missionary. --- modern self. --- new spain. --- religion. --- self transformation. --- social reality. --- spiritual directors. --- spiritual exercises. --- spiritual practices. --- spiritual. --- transcend self. --- western intellectual tradition.
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