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The glycosidic aroma compounds are widely present in a variety of fruit. Their enzymic hydrolysis allows the liberation of additional flavour which can be usable. Glycosidic precursors occurring in strawberries were pointed out and characterized by extraction and identification of aglycone and sugar moieties. The qualitative and quantitative importance of these compounds compared with free volatiles was proved. Study of the evolution of glycosides during fruit development was carried out in order to clear up the role of conjugated flavours. The occurrence of glycosidase activities in strawberries and their impact on the liberation of this aroma potential were investigated. The use of the studied system was applied on strawberry based products in order to verify the usefulness of the new knowledge and to give evidence of the advantage of additional flavour liberation from glycosides in such products.

Fragaria --- Flavour compounds --- Glycosides --- Enzyme activity --- Glycosidases

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Potato UDP-Glucose : protein transglucosylase (UPTG ; EC 2.4.1.112) is an enzyme capable of autoglycosylation in vitro but its precise role in vivo is still unknown. Based on the biochemical characterization of UPTG two hypotheses have been formulated : a role in the initiation of starch biosynthesis or a role in cell wall polysaccharide biosynthesis. First the sequences of two cDNAs, called UPTG1 and UPTG2 and coding for potato UPTG were characterized in more detail and their expression was analysed in this work. A subcellular localization using antibodies against the purified potato UPTG indicates a Golgi localization of UPTG. In order to test in planta the intervention of UPTG in polysaccharide metabolism of Solanum tuberosum L., transgenic plants were produced. Some transgenic lines showed an important reduction of UPTG protein levels but they did not show any difference in their development, in the amylose/amylopectin ratio or during the cell wall signature analysis as compared to the wild type. According to the results obtained, an UPTG intervention in starch synthesis seems unlikely. Whereas indications pointing towards a role of UPTG in cell wall polysaccharide synthesis exist, the analysis of our transgenic plants did not allow to confirm this.

Solanum tuberosum --- Enzymes --- Glycosidases --- Polysaccharides --- Carbohydrate metabolism

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Cellulase. --- Glycosidases. --- Glycoside hydrolases --- Hydrolases --- Endo-1,4-beta-glucanase --- Glucanase, Endo-1,4-beta --- Glycosidases

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ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY VOL 41

Proteins. --- Lysozyme. --- Mucopeptide glucohydrolase --- Muramidase --- Glycosidases --- Proteids --- Biomolecules --- Polypeptides --- Proteomics

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Lignocellulose --- Hydrolysis --- Monosaccharides --- Polysaccharides --- Glycosides --- Surfactants --- Biosynthesis --- Glycosidases