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Sustainability in architecture is a complex objective with multiple criteria to address and optimize. The use of generative design for sustainable architectural design, since it lets the users do performance-based design in a short amount of time, has a great potential providing solutions and giving an overall feedback on the performances of the design. While usual generative design tools still require computer science skills, and thus create a barrier to the use of generative design, a new kind of platform is emerging, targeting non-specialists. These toolsets present a great potential in addressing these issues, and this thesis assesses the potentialities of these platforms in what we call sustainable generative design. 

By assessing the use of sustainable generative design in offices and the challenges to its establishment, we will be able to understand how the new generative design platforms can respond to the practice’s needs. In order to do this, we have first assessed sustainable generative design through a state of the art, where the literature reviews helped us establish our hypotheses for the next parts of the thesis. Then, we have interviewed architects with either an expertise in sustainable design, or computational design. These interviews helped us assess the establishment of computational design, sustainable design and sustainable generative design in practices. We could also emphasize the barriers and drivers to the adoption of sustainable generative design. Afterwards, we explored a tool among the new generative design platforms, which we chose based on the types of analysis it offered. With this exploration, we could compare the platform to the characteristics of an ideal sustainable generative design platform mentioned during the interviews, and we also compared the characteristics of the tool to a framework chosen in literature, to assess whether this framework could be made using the tool. 

The obtained results highlight the potentialities of these new generative design platforms in sustainable architecture and the opportunities they present for the AECO industry. La durabilité dans l’architecture est un objectif complexe avec de multiples critères à aborder et à optimiser. L’utilisation de la conception générative pour la conception architecturale durable, puisqu’elle permet aux utilisateurs de faire la conception basée sur la performance dans un court laps de temps, a un grand potentiel fournissant des solutions et donnant un retour d’ensemble sur les performances de la conception. Alors que les outils de conception générative habituels nécessitent encore des compétences en informatique, et créent ainsi un obstacle à l’utilisation de la conception générative, un nouveau type de plateforme émerge, ciblant les non-spécialistes. Ces outils présentent un grand potentiel pour aborder ces questions, et ce mémoire évalue les potentialités de ces plateformes dans ce que nous appelons la conception générative durable.

En évaluant l’utilisation de la conception générative durable dans les bureaux et les défis liés à son établissement, nous serons en mesure de comprendre comment les nouvelles plateformes de conception générative peuvent répondre aux besoins de la pratique. Pour ce faire, nous avons d’abord évalué la conception générative durable à travers un état de l’art, où les revues de littérature nous ont aidés à établir nos hypothèses pour les prochaines parties de la thèse. Ensuite, nous avons interviewé des architectes ayant une expertise en conception durable ou en design computationnel. Ces entrevues nous ont aidés à évaluer l’établissement du design computationnel, de la conception durable et de la conception générative durable dans les agences. Nous avons également mis en évidence les obstacles et les facteurs à l’adoption d’une conception générative durable. Ensuite, nous avons exploré un outil parmi les nouvelles plateformes de conception générative, que nous avons choisi en fonction des types d’analyse qu’il offrait. Avec cette exploration, nous avons pu comparer la plateforme aux caractéristiques d’une plateforme de conception générative durable idéale mentionnées lors des entrevues, et nous avons également comparé les caractéristiques de l’outil à un article choisi dans la littérature, afin d’évaluer si l’outil choisi pourrait être utilisé dans le cadre de cet article. Les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence les potentialités de ces nouvelles plateformes de conception générative en architecture durable et les opportunités qu’elles présentent pour l’industrie AECO.

generative design --- sustainable urban design --- sustainable architectural design --- computational design --- parametric design --- platformization --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Architecture

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This open access book gathers contributions presented at the International Joint Conference on Mechanics, Design Engineering and Advanced Manufacturing (JCM 2020), held as a web conference on June 2–4, 2020. It reports on cutting-edge topics in product design and manufacturing, such as industrial methods for integrated product and process design; innovative design; and computer-aided design. Further topics covered include virtual simulation and reverse engineering; additive manufacturing; product manufacturing; engineering methods in medicine and education; representation techniques; and nautical, aeronautics and aerospace design and modeling. The book is organized into four main parts, reflecting the focus and primary themes of the conference. The contributions presented here not only provide researchers, engineers and experts in a range of industrial engineering subfields with extensive information to support their daily work; they are also intended to stimulate new research directions, advanced applications of the methods discussed and future interdisciplinary collaborations.

Technical design --- Production engineering --- Computer-aided design (CAD) --- Engineering Design --- Manufacturing, Machines, Tools, Processes --- Computer-Aided Engineering (CAD, CAE) and Design --- Machines, Tools, Processes --- Open Access --- Additive Manufacturing --- Virtual Prototyping --- Eco-design --- Generative design --- Digitalization in Manufacturing --- Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems --- 3D Modeling --- Human-machine Interaction --- Sustainable redesign --- Stress analysis and simulation --- Robost design methods --- Topological optimization --- NES design --- Geometric modelling --- Smart tightening

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A bold reassessment of "smart cities" that reveals what is lost when we conceive of our urban spaces as computersComputational models of urbanism-smart cities that use data-driven planning and algorithmic administration-promise to deliver new urban efficiencies and conveniences. Yet these models limit our understanding of what we can know about a city. A City Is Not a Computer reveals how cities encompass myriad forms of local and indigenous intelligences and knowledge institutions, arguing that these resources are a vital supplement and corrective to increasingly prevalent algorithmic models.Shannon Mattern begins by examining the ethical and ontological implications of urban technologies and computational models, discussing how they shape and in many cases profoundly limit our engagement with cities. She looks at the methods and underlying assumptions of data-driven urbanism, and demonstrates how the "city-as-computer" metaphor, which undergirds much of today's urban policy and design, reduces place-based knowledge to information processing. Mattern then imagines how we might sustain institutions and infrastructures that constitute more diverse, open, inclusive urban forms. She shows how the public library functions as a steward of urban intelligence, and describes the scales of upkeep needed to sustain a city's many moving parts, from spinning hard drives to bridge repairs.Incorporating insights from urban studies, data science, and media and information studies, A City Is Not a Computer offers a visionary new approach to urban planning and design.

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