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Gastrointestinal cancers, such as esophageal and gastric cancers, pancreatic cancers, hepatobiliary cancers, colorectal cancers and gastrointestinal stromal tumors, are frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage and have a dismal prognosis. Even in patients with potentially curative cancer, nearly 50\% will develop recurrent disease despite aggressive treatments. A number of biomarkers currently guide treatment decisions for patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms. Major technological advances in genomics have made it possible to identify critical genetic alterations in cancer, furthering oncology along the path to “personalized cancer medicine”. Future research efforts will focus on the identification of new biomarkers, moving existing biomarkers into earlier lines of therapy and evaluating new combinations of existing biomarkers and therapies.The aim of this Special Issue is to provide an overview of exciting new research in the area of gastrointestinal tumors that may establish innovative personalized management and precision medicine modalities for individualized care.

Medicine --- Pharmacology --- neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio --- lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio --- prognosis --- rectal cancer --- mesorectum --- sphincter preserving --- molecular oncology --- precision medicine --- colorectal cancer --- targeted therapy --- molecular profiling --- pancreatic cysts --- thermal liquid biopsy --- differential scanning calorimetry --- diagnosis --- generalized linear models --- gene signature --- mRNA expression --- VANGL1 --- FFPE --- neurotoxicity --- oxaliplatin --- chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy --- biomarker --- genomics --- neuropathy --- FOLFOX --- FOLFIRINOX --- XELOX --- gastrointestinal cancer --- LAG-3 --- immune checkpoint --- colon cancer --- survival --- microsatellite instability --- immunotherapy --- neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio --- lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio --- prognosis --- rectal cancer --- mesorectum --- sphincter preserving --- molecular oncology --- precision medicine --- colorectal cancer --- targeted therapy --- molecular profiling --- pancreatic cysts --- thermal liquid biopsy --- differential scanning calorimetry --- diagnosis --- generalized linear models --- gene signature --- mRNA expression --- VANGL1 --- FFPE --- neurotoxicity --- oxaliplatin --- chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy --- biomarker --- genomics --- neuropathy --- FOLFOX --- FOLFIRINOX --- XELOX --- gastrointestinal cancer --- LAG-3 --- immune checkpoint --- colon cancer --- survival --- microsatellite instability --- immunotherapy

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Gastrointestinal cancers, such as esophageal and gastric cancers, pancreatic cancers, hepatobiliary cancers, colorectal cancers and gastrointestinal stromal tumors, are frequently diagnosed at an advanced stage and have a dismal prognosis. Even in patients with potentially curative cancer, nearly 50\% will develop recurrent disease despite aggressive treatments. A number of biomarkers currently guide treatment decisions for patients with gastrointestinal neoplasms. Major technological advances in genomics have made it possible to identify critical genetic alterations in cancer, furthering oncology along the path to “personalized cancer medicine”. Future research efforts will focus on the identification of new biomarkers, moving existing biomarkers into earlier lines of therapy and evaluating new combinations of existing biomarkers and therapies.The aim of this Special Issue is to provide an overview of exciting new research in the area of gastrointestinal tumors that may establish innovative personalized management and precision medicine modalities for individualized care.

neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio --- lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio --- prognosis --- rectal cancer --- mesorectum --- sphincter preserving --- molecular oncology --- precision medicine --- colorectal cancer --- targeted therapy --- molecular profiling --- pancreatic cysts --- thermal liquid biopsy --- differential scanning calorimetry --- diagnosis --- generalized linear models --- gene signature --- mRNA expression --- VANGL1 --- FFPE --- neurotoxicity --- oxaliplatin --- chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy --- biomarker --- genomics --- neuropathy --- FOLFOX --- FOLFIRINOX --- XELOX --- gastrointestinal cancer --- LAG-3 --- immune checkpoint --- colon cancer --- survival --- microsatellite instability --- immunotherapy --- n/a

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The analysis of Big Data in biomedical as well as business and financial research has drawn much attention from researchers worldwide. This book provides a platform for the deep discussion of state-of-the-art statistical methods developed for the analysis of Big Data in these areas. Both applied and theoretical contributions are showcased.

high-dimensional --- nonlocal prior --- strong selection consistency --- estimation consistency --- generalized linear models --- high dimensional predictors --- model selection --- stepwise regression --- deep learning --- financial time series --- causal and dilated convolutional neural networks --- nuisance --- post-selection inference --- missingness mechanism --- regularization --- asymptotic theory --- unconventional likelihood --- high dimensional time-series --- segmentation --- mixture regression --- sparse PCA --- entropy-based robust EM --- information complexity criteria --- high dimension --- multicategory classification --- DWD --- sparse group lasso --- L2-consistency --- proximal algorithm --- abdominal aortic aneurysm --- emulation --- Medicare data --- ensembling --- high-dimensional data --- Lasso --- elastic net --- penalty methods --- prediction --- random subspaces --- ant colony system --- bayesian spatial mixture model --- inverse problem --- nonparamteric boostrap --- EEG/MEG data --- feature representation --- feature fusion --- trend analysis --- text mining

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Pregnancy is a viewed as a window to future health. With the birth of the developmental origins of human adult disease hypothesis, research and clinical practice has turned its attention to the influence of maternal factors such as health and lifestyle surrounding pregnancy as a means to understand and prevent the inter-generational inheritance of chronic disease susceptibility. Outcomes during pregnancy have long-lasting impacts on both women on children. Moreover, nutrition early in life can influence growth and the establishment of lifelong eating habits and behaviors. This Special Issue on “Nutrition during Pregnancy and Lactation: Implications for Maternal and Infant Health” is intended to highlight new epidemiological, mechanistic and interventional studies that investigate maternal nutrition around the pregnancy period on maternal and infant outcomes. Submissions may include original research, narrative reviews, and systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

education --- 6?-sialyllactose --- milk composition --- growth chart --- overweight and obesity --- body composition --- pregnant women --- prenatal intervention --- thermal control --- slow digesting carbohydrates --- postpartum --- vitamin B12 --- micronutrients --- passive immunization --- antibodies --- physiological body-weight loss --- obesity --- proteolysis --- energy --- infant formula --- adolescents --- pregnancy --- gestational weight gain intervention --- randomized clinical trial --- food photography --- metabolic rate --- infancy --- micronutrient deficiency --- restraint --- folate --- nutrition --- lactation --- basal maintenance expenditure --- milk oligosaccharides --- maternal nutrition --- disinhibition --- weight retention --- DNA sequencing --- neuroplasticity --- generalized linear models --- metabolic flexibility --- non-alcoholic fatty liver disease --- prematurity --- full breastfeeding --- food cravings --- transcriptome --- maternal diet quality --- Healthy Eating Index --- human milk --- gestational weight gain --- energy expenditure --- lifestyle intervention --- RDA --- immunological properties --- mindful eating --- insulin-resistant pregnancy --- nutritional intervention --- DNA methylation --- neurobiology --- total sugars --- fetal growth --- overweight --- fetal development --- energy intake --- hippocampus --- race --- maternal obesity --- early programming --- uncontrolled and emotional eating --- breast milk --- health --- hepatic lipogenesis --- eating behavior --- physical activity --- Pregnancy --- meal replacements --- premature delivery --- sialic acid --- diet quality --- cognitive development --- iron --- growth --- breastfeeding