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Clean energy and fuel storage are often required for both stationary and automotive applications. Some of these clean energy and fuel storage technologies currently under extensive research and development include hydrogen storage, direct electric storage, mechanical energy storage, solar–thermal energy storage, electrochemical (batteries and supercapacitors), and thermochemical storage. The gravimetric and volumetric storage capacity, energy storage density, power output, operating temperature and pressure, cycle life, recyclability, and cost of clean energy or fuel storage are some of the factors that govern efficient energy and fuel storage technologies for potential deployment in energy harvesting (solar and wind farms) stations and onboard vehicular transportation. This Special Issue thus serves the need for promoting exploratory research and development on clean energy and fuel storage technologies while addressing their challenges to practical and sustainable infrastructures.

MgH2 --- vertically oriented graphene --- gas loss --- concentrated solar power (CSP) --- complex hydrides --- PCM roof --- hydrogen storage systems --- slag --- bubbles transportation --- dye-sensitized solar cells --- undercooling --- methanogenesis --- electrochemical energy storage --- hydrogen storage --- Fischer–Tropsch --- state of charge estimator --- gas turbine engine --- simplified electrochemical model --- hot summer and cold winter area --- rock permeability --- flutter instability --- charge density --- binder --- salt cavern energy storage --- battery energy storage system --- capacitance --- LiNH2 --- ball milling --- production rate --- leaching tubing --- quality function deployment (QFD) --- nanocatalyst --- lab-scale --- thermal energy storage (TES) --- comprehensive incremental benefit --- lean direct injection --- Li-ion batteries --- separator --- four-point --- salt cavern --- low emissions combustion --- ionic liquid --- carbon materials --- nanocomposite materials --- electrical double layers --- recovery factor --- thermochemical energy storage --- Klinkenberg method --- flow-induced vibration --- cathode --- porous media --- metal hydride --- aquifer size --- diffusion --- auxiliary services compensation --- water invasion --- conjugate phase change heat transfer --- heat transfer enhancement --- failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA) --- magnetism --- carbonate gas reservoirs --- equivalent loss of cycle life --- internal and reverse external axial flows --- thermal energy storage --- lithium-ion batteries --- bacterial sulfate reduction --- crystal growth rates --- optimal capacity --- gas storage --- energy discharge --- anode --- Ag nanoparticles --- regenerator --- hydrogen absorption --- freestanding TiO2 nanotube arrays --- material science --- extended kalman filter --- reactive transport modeling --- synthetic rock salt testing --- hydrogen energy storage --- lattice Boltzmann method --- dynamic modeling --- bubbles burst --- Power to Liquid --- large-scale wind farm --- PHREEQC

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The need for energy is increasing and at the same time production from the conventional reservoirs is declining quickly. This requires an economically and technically feasible source of energy for the coming years. Among some alternative future energy solutions the most approachable source is from unconventional reservoirs. As the name “unconventional” implies it requires different and challenging approach to characterize and to develop such a resource. This special issue covers some of the technical challenges for developing unconventional energy sources from shale gas/oil, tight gas sand, and coalbed methane.

Research & information: general --- Technology: general issues --- bedding fractures --- failure criterion --- lamina --- tight oil --- tight sandstone --- finite element simulation --- numerical simulation --- unconventional reservoir --- permeability --- group method of data handling --- artificial neural network --- well logs --- sensitivity analysis --- tight gas reservoir --- multi-fractured horizontal well (MFHW) --- unstable productivity model --- productivity forecast --- influencing factor analysis --- horizontal well with multiple finite-conductivity fractures --- elliptical-shaped drainage --- productivity index --- non-Darcy flow --- pressure-dependent conductivity --- reservoir properties --- void space structure --- porosity --- complex rocks --- NMR --- MICP --- CT --- SEM --- coal-bearing tight sandstone --- organic-rich clasts --- occurrence --- classifications --- formation mechanisms --- Ordos Basin --- hydraulic fracturing --- fracturing fluids --- fluids-rock interaction --- environmental implication --- history matching --- semianalytic model --- unconventional gas reservoirs --- multistage fractured horizontal wells --- fractal theory --- pore structure --- heterogeneity --- NMR measurements --- multifractal analysis --- shale reservoir --- elastic properties --- brittleness --- rock physics --- brittle spot identification --- shale gas --- reservoir characteristics --- gas content --- eastern Sichuan Basin --- the Da’anzhai member --- pulse decay method --- gas adsorption --- dual media --- unconventional core --- natural fracture --- influencing factor --- oil production --- carbonate rock --- basement reservoir --- Jizhong Sub-basin --- dynamic pore network modeling --- shale reservoirs --- water imbibition --- discrete element method --- modified fluid-mechanical coupling algorithm --- injection sequence --- well spacing --- stress shadow effect --- seismic location --- microseismic events --- waveform stacking --- induced seismicity --- CBM --- surfactant --- solid-free drilling fluid --- CBM reservoir wettability --- machine learning --- lithofacies --- umiat --- Alaska --- proppant transportation --- cross fractures --- CFD simulation --- dimensional analysis --- equilibrium proppant height --- coalbed methane --- Lattice Boltzmann method --- gas diffusion --- adsorption–desorption --- pore-scale --- clay minerals --- pore structures --- tight gas reservoirs --- Xujiaweizi Rift --- Northern Songliao Basin --- methane adsorption isotherm --- coal properties --- gradient boosting decision tree --- estimation model --- shale gas reservoir --- geology --- Gibbs excess adsorption --- supercritical adsorption --- gas viscosity --- high voltage spark discharge --- electrohydraulic effect --- electrical conductivity --- drilling --- rock damage --- pressure waves --- water fracturing --- turbulence effect --- Eulerian multiphase modeling --- proppant transport mechanism --- equilibrium height prediction model --- adaptive filtering --- complex noise canceling --- electromagnetic telemetry --- multifractured horizontal wells --- production analysis --- irregular stimulated region --- natural gas hydrate --- seismic modeling --- fractional derivatives --- gas geochemical characteristics --- noble gas --- shale gas evolution --- Large Igneous Province (LIP) --- gas loss --- geological structure --- gas controlling pattern --- neutral surface --- tectonic movement --- Bumu region --- seismic interpretation --- depositional environments characteristics --- Wheeler diagram --- seismic attributes --- heterogeneous sequence --- sample size --- neutron scattering --- mercury injection capillary pressure --- adsorption --- shale --- junggar basin --- hong-che fault zone --- carboniferous --- volcanic reservoir --- main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation --- fracture --- vug --- micro CT --- carbonate --- wave velocity --- amorphous SiO2 --- X-ray diffraction --- X-ray fluorescence spectrometry --- scanning electron microscope --- quantitative analysis --- void ratio --- FEM --- ABAQUS --- matrix porosity --- kerogen porosity --- water saturation --- gas hydrate --- saturation --- deep learning --- recurrent neural network --- molecular simulation --- enhanced oil recovery --- methane --- shale petroleum --- technological development --- patent --- network analysis --- imbibition --- osmosis --- unconventional formations --- EOR --- water flooding