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Karl Leonhard Reinhold skizziert in den Briefen über die Kantische Philosophie von 1792 Grundlinien zu einer praktischen Philosophie im Anschluss an Kant, in deren Zentrum markante Reflexionen über Willen und Willensfreiheit stehen. In der Absicht, Kants Freiheitslehre gegen die im Zeichen eines "intelligiblen Fatalismus" stehenden Deutungen und Vorwürfe zu verteidigen, akzentuiert Reinhold den Begriff der Willensfreiheit neu. Seine Definition als Vermögen, sich für oder gegen das Sittengesetz zu entscheiden, legt den Grundstein zu der seit der frühen Systemphilosophie typischen Fokussierung auf diesen Begriff als Fundament der Moralphilosophie, wenn nicht der Philsophie überhaupt. Zu den verteidigten kantischen Lehren ergibt sich indessen ein spannungsvolles Verhältnis, das Kant in der Metaphysik der Sitten zu Klarstellungen und Differenzierungen zwischen Wille und Willkür veranlasst. Im vorliegenden Band wird dieses Kapitel der nachkantischen Freiheitsdiskussion aus verschiedenen Perspektiven interpretiert und diskutiert.

Free will and determinism --- Reinhold, Karl Leonhard, --- Kant, Immanuel. --- Reinhold, Karl Leonhard. --- freedom of will. --- post-Kantianism.

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Modern technology has eliminated barriers posed by geographic distances between people around the globe, making the world more interdependent. However, in spite of global collaboration within research domains, fragmentation among research fields persists and even escalates. Disintegrated knowledge has become subservient to the competition in the technological and economic race, leading in the direction chosen not by reason and intellect but rather by the preferences of politics and markets. To restore the authority of knowledge in guiding humanity, we have to reconnect its scattered isolated parts and offer an evolving and diverse but shared vision of objective reality connecting the sciences and other knowledge domains and informed by and in communication with ethical and esthetic thinking and being. This collection of articles responds to the second call from the journal Philosophies to build a new, networked world of knowledge with domain specialists from different disciplines interacting and connecting with the rest of the knowledge-producing and knowledge-consuming communities in an inclusive, extended natural-philosophic, human-centric manner. In this process of reconnection, scientific and philosophical investigations enrich each other, with sciences informing philosophies about the best current knowledge of the world, both natural and human-made, while philosophies scrutinize the ontological, epistemological, and methodological foundations of sciences.

Philosophy --- Number world --- spurious law --- emergent law --- dialectics --- epistemon --- information --- logic in reality --- natural philosophy --- ontolon --- semiotics --- ontology --- BFO --- tropes --- applied philosophy --- thought-experiment --- libero arbitrio --- freedom of will --- knowledge synthesis --- epistemology --- breakthrough knowledge --- domain-specific knowledge --- web-based search --- grounded theory --- Bradford Hill criteria --- association --- causation --- mediation --- naturalistic epistemology --- knowledge how --- knowledge that --- anti-intellectualism --- intellectualism --- practical grasp --- cognitive science --- physical information --- abstract information --- physical phenomena --- abstract entities --- learning --- learning to learn --- deep learning --- information processing --- natural computing --- morphological computing --- info-computation --- connectionism --- symbolism --- cognition --- robotics --- artificial intelligence --- contemporary natural philosophy --- idola mentis --- scientific methodology --- quantitative and qualitative methods --- structural analysis --- abstraction --- complexity --- knowledge --- naturalism --- slips --- basic activities --- philosophy of nature --- unity of knowledge

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Modern technology has eliminated barriers posed by geographic distances between people around the globe, making the world more interdependent. However, in spite of global collaboration within research domains, fragmentation among research fields persists and even escalates. Disintegrated knowledge has become subservient to the competition in the technological and economic race, leading in the direction chosen not by reason and intellect but rather by the preferences of politics and markets. To restore the authority of knowledge in guiding humanity, we have to reconnect its scattered isolated parts and offer an evolving and diverse but shared vision of objective reality connecting the sciences and other knowledge domains and informed by and in communication with ethical and esthetic thinking and being. This collection of articles responds to the second call from the journal Philosophies to build a new, networked world of knowledge with domain specialists from different disciplines interacting and connecting with the rest of the knowledge-producing and knowledge-consuming communities in an inclusive, extended natural-philosophic, human-centric manner. In this process of reconnection, scientific and philosophical investigations enrich each other, with sciences informing philosophies about the best current knowledge of the world, both natural and human-made, while philosophies scrutinize the ontological, epistemological, and methodological foundations of sciences.

Philosophy --- Number world --- spurious law --- emergent law --- dialectics --- epistemon --- information --- logic in reality --- natural philosophy --- ontolon --- semiotics --- ontology --- BFO --- tropes --- applied philosophy --- thought-experiment --- libero arbitrio --- freedom of will --- knowledge synthesis --- epistemology --- breakthrough knowledge --- domain-specific knowledge --- web-based search --- grounded theory --- Bradford Hill criteria --- association --- causation --- mediation --- naturalistic epistemology --- knowledge how --- knowledge that --- anti-intellectualism --- intellectualism --- practical grasp --- cognitive science --- physical information --- abstract information --- physical phenomena --- abstract entities --- learning --- learning to learn --- deep learning --- information processing --- natural computing --- morphological computing --- info-computation --- connectionism --- symbolism --- cognition --- robotics --- artificial intelligence --- contemporary natural philosophy --- idola mentis --- scientific methodology --- quantitative and qualitative methods --- structural analysis --- abstraction --- complexity --- knowledge --- naturalism --- slips --- basic activities --- philosophy of nature --- unity of knowledge