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This book addresses a key innovative technology for decarbonization of the energy system: hydrothermal processing. It basically consists of treating biomass and wastes in a wet form, under pressure and temperature condition. This approach is becoming more and more attractive, as new feedstock and applications are appearing on the scene of bioeconomy and bioenergy. The hydrothermal processing of various type of biomass, waste, and residues, thus, raised the interest of many researchers and companies around the world, together with downstream upgrading processes and technologies: solid products as biochar, for instance, or liquid ones as crude bioliquids, are finding new market opportunities in circular economy schemes. The Special Issue collects recent innovative research works in the field, from basic to applied research, as well as pilot industrial applications/demo. It is a valuable set of references for those investing time and effort in research in the field.

biorefinery --- life cycle assessment (LCA) --- drop-in biofuels --- lipids --- sensitivity analysis --- brewer’s spent grains (BSG) --- lignin --- nutrient recovery --- fuel properties --- Scenedesmus rubescens --- hydroprocessing --- combustion indices --- hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) --- fiber rejects --- upgrading --- aqueous co-product --- hydrotreating --- biofuel --- hydrothermal disintegration --- cell wall disruption --- two-steps carbonization --- hydrothermal processes --- fuzzy Delphi method --- process economics --- agricultural yield --- hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) --- acid addition --- microalgae extraction --- coal --- hydrochar --- fuzzy logic cognitive map --- Germany --- microalgal oils --- deinked sludge --- nitrogen distribution --- hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) --- sewage sludge --- fresh harvested --- hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) --- biomass --- struvite --- primary sludge --- EROI --- biocrude --- hydrothermal liquefaction --- electricity and heat production --- fractional distillation --- Spirulina --- cost of electricity --- secondary sludge --- depolymerization --- freeze-dried

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The focus of this Special Issue is aimed at enhancing the discussion of Engineering Education, particularly related to technological and professional learning. In the 21st century, students face a challenging demand: they are expected to have the best scientific expertise, but also highly developed social skills and qualities like teamwork, creativity, communication, or leadership. Even though students and teachers are becoming more aware of this necessity, there is still a gap between academic life and the professional world. In this Special Edition Book, the reader can find works tackling interesting topics such as educational resources addressing students’ development of competencies, the importance of final year projects linked to professional environments, and multicultural or interdisciplinary challenges.

thick target yield --- 52Mn --- radioisotope production --- magnetron sputtering --- thorium --- theranostics --- molecular sieve desiccant --- medical radioisotope production --- vortex target --- radioisotope target processing --- gamma spectroscopy --- solid --- azeotropic mixtures --- disposable kit --- filament --- targetry --- radiopharmaceuticals --- medical cyclotrons --- unconventional radionuclides --- radioisotope targetry --- thermal study --- recycling of [18O]-water --- medical radioisotopes --- powder target --- metal 3D-printing --- medical cyclotron --- cyclotron --- stacked-foils --- copper-64 --- stack-foil --- targets --- SPECT --- monitor reaction --- purification --- numerical analysis --- carbon-11 --- copper-61 --- boron nitride nanotubes --- radiometals --- radioactive impurities --- solid target system --- Ga-68 --- BNNTs --- spallation --- recoil escape --- cyclotron target --- target stations --- 70 MeV cyclotron --- irradiation --- liquid targets --- target temperature --- separation --- solid target --- enrichment grade --- Molybdenum-100 --- cyclotron solid target --- radionuclides --- ion accelerator --- heavy Rare Earth Elements (hREE) --- molybdenum material recovery --- beam energy --- cyclotrons --- resin --- medical isotopes --- target chemistry --- solid radioisotope targets --- 165Er --- targeted alpha therapy --- gallium-68 --- radionuclide production --- titanium-45 --- medical Sc radioisotopes --- radioisotopes --- liquid and gas targets --- ion source --- actinium-225 --- ANSYS --- cross-section reconstruction --- thick target yield measurements --- cross-section --- Technetium-99m --- fractional distillation --- Radionuclide Yield Calculator --- Gallium-68 --- proton target --- PET --- thick film deposition