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Fossilization (Linguistics) --- Second language acquisition --- Second language learning --- Language acquisition --- Fossilized compound (Linguistics) --- Linguistics --- Fossilization (Linguistics). --- Second language acquisition.

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This book is a systematic attempt to address the issue of fossilization in relation to a fundamental question in second language acquisition research, which is: why are learners, adults in particular, unable to develop the level of competence they have aspired to in spite of continuous and sustained exposure to the target language, adequate motivation to learn, and sufficient opportunity to practice?

Fossilization (Linguistics) --- Second language acquisition --- Langue seconde --- Fossilisation (Linguistique) --- Acquisition --- Second language acquisition. --- Fossilized compound (Linguistics) --- Linguistics --- Second language learning --- Language acquisition --- SLA. --- competence in language learning. --- fossilization in SLA. --- fossilization in foreign language learning. --- fossilization in language learners. --- fossilization in second language acquisition. --- fossilization.

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Deep biosphere research is at the scientific frontier of bio- and geo-related sciences, yet it is largely underexplored. In terms of volume, deep subsurface settings represent some of the largest microbial habitats on the planet, and the combined biomass of the deep biosphere encompasses the largest living reservoir of carbon, excluding land plants. However, the paleo-record of the deep biosphere is still largely uncharted and neglected. The aim of this book is to highlight current research on deep life through time and bring together researchers with various perspectives. The book presents a collection of scientific contributions that provide a sample of forefront research in this field. The contributions involve a range of case studies of deep ancient life in continental and oceanic settings, of microbial diversity in sub-seafloor environments, and of the isolation of calcifying bacteria, as well as reviews on clay mineralization of fungal biofilms and on the carbon isotope records of the deep biosphere. Deciphering the fossil record of the deep biosphere is a challenging task but, when successful, will unlock doors to life’s cryptic past.

Research & information: general --- Impact structure --- fungal hyphae --- in situ radiometric dating --- secondary minerals --- stable isotopes --- subsurface --- sediment --- bacteria --- archaea --- deep biosphere --- clay authigenesis --- fossil fungi --- igneous crust --- cryptoendoliths --- subseafloor habitats --- fossilized microorganisms --- Ophiolite --- bacterial calcium-carbonate precipitation (BCP) --- calcifying bacteria selection --- calcifying mixed cultures --- ImageJ software --- Biolog EcoPlates --- sand biocementation --- carbon isotopes --- diagenetic carbonates --- methanogenesis --- anaerobic methane oxidation --- Wood–Ljungdahl pathway --- in situ U-Pb geochronology --- Caledonides --- deep drilling (COSC-1) --- geobiology --- deep time --- geochronology --- microorganisms --- evolution --- Impact structure --- fungal hyphae --- in situ radiometric dating --- secondary minerals --- stable isotopes --- subsurface --- sediment --- bacteria --- archaea --- deep biosphere --- clay authigenesis --- fossil fungi --- igneous crust --- cryptoendoliths --- subseafloor habitats --- fossilized microorganisms --- Ophiolite --- bacterial calcium-carbonate precipitation (BCP) --- calcifying bacteria selection --- calcifying mixed cultures --- ImageJ software --- Biolog EcoPlates --- sand biocementation --- carbon isotopes --- diagenetic carbonates --- methanogenesis --- anaerobic methane oxidation --- Wood–Ljungdahl pathway --- in situ U-Pb geochronology --- Caledonides --- deep drilling (COSC-1) --- geobiology --- deep time --- geochronology --- microorganisms --- evolution

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• Reference Manager
• EndNote
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Deep biosphere research is at the scientific frontier of bio- and geo-related sciences, yet it is largely underexplored. In terms of volume, deep subsurface settings represent some of the largest microbial habitats on the planet, and the combined biomass of the deep biosphere encompasses the largest living reservoir of carbon, excluding land plants. However, the paleo-record of the deep biosphere is still largely uncharted and neglected. The aim of this book is to highlight current research on deep life through time and bring together researchers with various perspectives. The book presents a collection of scientific contributions that provide a sample of forefront research in this field. The contributions involve a range of case studies of deep ancient life in continental and oceanic settings, of microbial diversity in sub-seafloor environments, and of the isolation of calcifying bacteria, as well as reviews on clay mineralization of fungal biofilms and on the carbon isotope records of the deep biosphere. Deciphering the fossil record of the deep biosphere is a challenging task but, when successful, will unlock doors to life’s cryptic past.

Impact structure --- fungal hyphae --- in situ radiometric dating --- secondary minerals --- stable isotopes --- subsurface --- sediment --- bacteria --- archaea --- deep biosphere --- clay authigenesis --- fossil fungi --- igneous crust --- cryptoendoliths --- subseafloor habitats --- fossilized microorganisms --- Ophiolite --- bacterial calcium-carbonate precipitation (BCP) --- calcifying bacteria selection --- calcifying mixed cultures --- ImageJ software --- Biolog EcoPlates --- sand biocementation --- carbon isotopes --- diagenetic carbonates --- methanogenesis --- anaerobic methane oxidation --- Wood–Ljungdahl pathway --- in situ U-Pb geochronology --- Caledonides --- deep drilling (COSC-1) --- geobiology --- deep time --- geochronology --- microorganisms --- evolution