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The use of electronics, close-range sensing, and artificial intelligence has changed the management paradigm in many contemporary industries in which Big Data analytics by automated processes has become the backbone of decision making and improvement. Acknowledging the integration of electronics, devices, sensors, and intelligent algorithms in much of the equipment used in forest operations, as well as their use in various forestry-related applications, it is apparent that many disciplines within forestry and forest science still rely on data collected traditionally, which is resource-intensive. In turn, this brings limitations in characterizing the specific behaviors of forest product systems and wood supply chains, and often prevents the development of solutions for improvement or inferring the laws behind the operation and management of such systems. Undoubtedly, many solutions still need to be developed in the future to provide the technology required for the effective management of forests. In this regard, the Special Issue entitled “Electronics, Close-Range Sensors and Artificial Intelligence in Forestry” highlights many examples of how technological improvements can be brought to forestry and to other related fields of science and practice.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Forestry & related industries --- forest fire detection --- deep learning --- ensemble learning --- Yolov5 --- EfficientDet --- EfficientNet --- big data --- automation --- artificial intelligence --- multi-modality --- acceleration --- classification --- events --- performance --- motor-manual felling --- willow --- Romania --- region detection of forest fire --- grading of forest fire --- weakly supervised loss --- fine segmentation --- region-refining segmentation --- lightweight Faster R-CNN --- ultrasound sensors --- road scanner --- terrestrial laser scanning --- TLS --- forest road maintenance --- forest road monitoring --- crowned road surface --- digital twinning --- climate smart --- LiDAR --- digitalization --- forest loss --- land-cover change --- machine learning --- spatial heterogeneity --- random forest model --- geographically weighted regression --- aboveground biomass --- estimation --- remote sensing --- Sentinel-2 --- Iran --- multiple regression --- artificial neural network --- k-nearest neighbor --- random forest --- canopy --- drone --- leaf --- leaves --- foliar --- samples --- sampling --- Aerial robotics --- UAS --- UAV --- IoT --- forest ecology --- accessibility --- wood --- diameter --- length --- close-range sensing --- Augmented Reality --- comparison --- accuracy --- effectiveness --- potential --- forestry 4.0 --- wood technology --- sawmilling --- productivity --- prediction --- long-term --- tree ring --- forestry detection --- resistance sensor --- micro-drilling resistance method --- signal processing --- Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) --- n/a

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The great potential of remote sensing technologies for operational use in sustainable forest management is addressed in this book, which is the reprint of papers published in the Remote Sensing Special Issue “Operationalization of Remote Sensing Solutions for Sustainable Forest Management”. The studies come from three continents and cover multiple remote sensing systems (including terrestrial mobile laser scanning, unmanned aerial vehicles, airborne laser scanning, and satellite data acquisition) and a diversity of data processing algorithms, with a focus on machine learning approaches. The focus of the studies ranges from identification and characterization of individual trees to deriving national- or even continental-level forest attributes and maps. There are studies carefully describing exercises on the case study level, and there are also studies introducing new methodologies for transdisciplinary remote sensing applications. Even though most of the authors look forward to continuing their research, nearly all studies introduced are ready for operational use or have already been implemented in practical forestry.

Research & information: general --- forest road inventory --- total station --- global navigation satellite system --- point cloud --- precision density --- positional accuracy --- efficiency --- mangrove sustainability --- deforestation depletion --- anthropogenic --- natural water balance --- Southeast Asia --- Phoracantha spp. --- unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) --- multispectral imagery --- vegetation index --- thresholding analysis --- Large Scale Mean-Shift Segmentation (LSMS) --- Random Forest (RF) --- forest mask --- validation --- probability sampling --- remote sensing --- earth observations --- forestry --- accuracy assessment --- forest classification --- forested catchment --- hydrological modeling --- SWAT model --- DEM --- airborne laser scanning --- deep learning --- Landsat --- national forest inventory --- stand volume --- bark beetle --- Ips typographus L. --- pest --- change detection --- forest damage --- spruce --- Sentinel-2 --- damage mapping --- multi-temporal regression --- mangrove --- replanting --- restoration --- analytic hierarchy process --- UAV --- DJI drone --- machine learning --- forest canopy --- canopy gaps --- canopy openings percentage --- satellite indices --- Elastic Net --- beech–fir forests --- pixel-based supervised classification --- random forest --- support vector machine --- gray level cooccurrence matrix (GLCM) --- principal component analysis (PCA) --- WorldView-3 --- wildfires --- MaxENT --- risk modeling --- GIS --- multi-scale analysis --- Yakutia --- Artic --- Siberia --- phenology modelling --- forest disturbance --- forest monitoring --- bark beetle infestation --- forest management --- time series analysis --- satellite imagery --- landsat time series --- growing stock volume --- forest inventory --- harmonic regression --- n/a --- beech-fir forests

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Deze publicatie behandelt het administratief statuut van de wegen. Dit statuut wordt nog steeds ten dele beheerst door wetgeving die tot stand kwam in de periode van het unitaire België, dan wel bleef behoren tot de federale bevoegdheid. Wel werd de voorbije decennia een groot deel van de bevoegdheid over het statuut van de wegen gefaseerd overgedragen naar de Gewesten. Recent nog werd binnen het Vlaamse Gewest met een decreet van 3 mei 2019 “houdende de gemeentewegen” (BS 12 augustus 2019), dat per 1 september 2019 in werking trad, voor deze ruime categorie van wegen een volledig nieuw statuut uitgewerkt.Volgende aspecten van wegen in het Vlaamse Gewest komen onder meer aan bod: Openbare weg met aanhorigheden - Rechten en plichten van aangelanden - Particuliere wegen - Bevoegdheden in het Federale België - Bestuurlijke indeling in hoofdwegen en kleine wegen - Autosnelwegen - Gewestwegen - Vaststelling, opmaak en opheffing van rooilijnen - Gemeentewegen - Aanleg, wijziging, verplaatsing en opheffing van gemeentewegen - Buurtwegen - Boswegen en jaarpaden - Samenloop

Administrative law --- Flanders --- Voirie et réseaux divers --- Routes --- Voirie --- Droit --- wegennet --- vervoerbeleid --- wegvervoer --- wegverkeer --- autosnelweg --- autoweg --- landweg --- transportinfrastructuur --- transportnetwerk --- BPB2006 --- kiirtee --- motorvej --- diaľnica --- autoestrada --- motorväg --- autocesta --- пут за моторна возила --- autostrada --- αυτοκινητόδρομος --- avtocesta --- autoroute --- awtostrada --- autoceļš --- automagistralė --- автопат --- motorway --- moottoritie --- магистрала --- autostradă --- Autobahn --- dálnice --- autópálya --- autostradë --- autopista --- autoput --- svincolo autostradale --- делница --- nodo autostradale --- autostrada a pagamento --- автопатска делница --- коридор --- автомобилска магистрала --- auto-estrada --- dálniční síť --- silnice pro motorová vozidla --- raccordo autostradale --- expressway --- motortrafikled --- brza cesta --- rrugë ekspres --- аутопут --- magistrála --- droga ekspresowa --- ekspresstee --- ātrgaitas automaģistrāle --- motortrafikvej --- moottoriliikennetie --- autovía --- автострада --- οδός ταχείας κυκλοφορίας --- greitkelis --- автомагистрала --- autostradă rapidă --- voie express --- Schnellstraße --- hitra cesta --- via rápida --- gyorsforgalmi út --- triq espress --- superstrada --- körgyűrű --- CREL --- strada a scorrimento veloce --- apvedceļš --- vía de circunvalación --- περιφερειακός δρόμος --- ringvej --- ringtee --- ātrgaitas maģistrāle --- žiedinis kelias --- obilaznica --- dálková tepna --- cintura rodoviária --- rrugë e unazës --- droga szybkiego ruchu --- elkerülő út --- kringfartsled --- périphérique --- GRA --- ring road --- obchvat --- circonvallazione --- viale di circonvallazione --- grande raccordo anulare --- kehätie --- tangenziale --- ringweg --- обиколница --- Umgehungsstraße --- șosea de centură --- circulation routière --- traffiku stradali --- пътен трафик --- circolazione stradale --- silniční provoz --- ceļu satiksme --- tráfico rodado --- οδική κυκλοφορία --- ruch drogowy --- road traffic --- Straßenverkehr --- cestovni promet --- cestni promet --- közúti forgalom --- vejtrafik --- maanteeliiklus --- kelių eismas --- maantieliikenne --- circulație rutieră --- cestná premávka --- trânsito por estrada --- vägtrafik --- патен сообраќај --- друмски саобраћај --- trafik rrugor --- biltrafik --- provoz na silnici --- tráfego por estrada --- circulación rodada --- circulación por carretera --- οδική κίνηση --- traffico stradale --- trafic routier --- cestovni prijevoz --- transport drogowy --- maantiekuljetukset --- vägtransport --- transport rrugor --- Transport über Straße --- transporte por carretera --- road transport --- maanteetransport --- vejtransport --- közúti közlekedés --- друмски превоз --- trasport stradali --- cestná doprava --- kelių transportas --- патен транспорт --- пътен транспорт --- transport rutier --- transporte rodoviário --- οδικές μεταφορές --- autotransports --- silniční doprava --- trasporto stradale --- transport routier --- cestni prevoz --- road haulage --- autotrasporto --- pārvadājumi pa autoceļiem --- Straßentransport --- transport ad landevej --- prijevoz cestama --- transport over de weg --- közúti szállítás --- trasporto su strada --- doprava po ceste --- kelių vežimas --- landevejstransport --- trasporto nazionale stradale --- lastbilstransport --- kuljetukset maanteitse --- maanteeveod --- közúti árufuvarozás --- transport me rrugë tokësore --- transport par route --- közúti árufuvarozó --- transporte por estrada --- motorová silniční doprava --- transport pe căi rutiere --- nemotorová silniční doprava --- патен превоз --- krovinių gabenimas keliais --- transport by road --- друмски транспорт --- autopārvadājumi --- přeprava po silnici --- Kraftverkehr --- polityka transportowa --- πολιτική μεταφορών --- política de transportes --- transportpolitik --- транспортна политика --- politique des transports --- politika tat-trasport --- transportna politika --- саобраћајна политика --- dopravná politika --- politica transporturilor --- politica dei trasporti --- política dos transportes --- dopravní politika --- liikennepolitiikka --- pārvadājumu politika --- politikë transporti --- közlekedéspolitika --- prometna politika --- transpordipoliitika --- transporto politika --- transport policy --- Transportpolitik --- közlekedésfejlesztés --- ανάπτυξη των μεταφορών --- développement des transports --- transportutveckling --- transport --- transpordi arendamine --- превозна политика --- zhvillim transporti --- transporturi --- desarrollo de los transportes --- desenvolvimento dos transportes --- regime dei trasporti --- transporta attīstība --- liikenteen kehittäminen --- transporto plėtra --- sviluppo dei trasporti --- sorveglianza dei trasporti --- politika prijevoza --- ontwikkeling van het vervoer --- развојна програма за транспорт --- rozvoj dopravy --- transportudvikling --- Entwicklung des Verkehrswesens --- transport development --- miglioramento dei trasporti --- cestná sieť --- gréasán bóithre --- red de carreteras --- közúthálózat --- kelių tinklas --- cestno omrežje --- réseau routier --- rrjet rrugor --- патна мрежа --- мрежа путева --- пътна мрежа --- cestovna mreža --- rețea de drumuri --- οδικό δίκτυο --- ceļu tīkls --- sieć drogowa --- road network --- Straßennetz --- vägnät --- vejnet --- maantieverkko --- silniční síť --- rete stradale --- rede de estradas --- netwerk stradali --- teedevõrk --- vía interurbana --- Straße --- silniční objekt --- országút --- silniční komunikace --- collegamento stradale --- ligação rodoviária --- rrugë tokësore --- Landstraße --- javna cesta --- οδός --- hlavní silnice --- патна поврзаност --- estrada --- carretera --- road --- șosea --- teeühendus --- vägförbindelse --- road connection --- cestovna povezanost --- cestné spojenie --- väg --- državna cesta --- kelių susisiekimas --- kelias --- route --- silnice --- maantie --- cesta --- út --- изградба на патишта --- ceļš --- vejforbindelse --- strada --- maantieyhteys --- frekventovaná silnice --- silniční tepna --- wegverbinding --- vej --- rede viária --- liaison routière --- δρόμος --- οδική σύνδεση --- Straßenverbindung --- főút --- verkeersweg --- lidhje me rrugë tokësore --- red viaria --- drum de legătură --- županijska cesta --- trafiknät --- δίκτυο μεταφορών --- transporta tīkls --- rrjet transporti --- közlekedési hálózat --- kuljetusverkko --- транспортна мрежа --- red de transportes --- rede de transporte --- transport network --- dopravní síť --- rețea de transport --- сообраќајна мрежа --- réseau de transport --- prijevozna mreža --- sieć transportowa --- саобраћајна мрежа --- transportnet --- transpordivõrk --- rete di trasporti --- dopravná sieť --- netwerk tat-trasport --- prometno omrežje --- Beförderungsnetz --- transporto tinklas --- rrugë lidhëse --- conexiuni rutiere --- trafikled --- dopravní uzel --- транспортна конекција --- Verkehrsweg --- dopravní cesta --- satiksmes ceļi --- yhdystie --- közlekedési összeköttetés --- voie de communication --- via de comunicação --- link road --- samfærdselsvej --- transportna mreža --- verbindingsweg --- útvonal --- vía de comunicación --- sistema di trasporti --- spojnica --- συγκοινωνιακές οδοί --- ühendustee --- jungiamasis kelias --- vie di comunicazione --- Verkehrsverbindung --- infraestructura de transportes --- liikenteen infrastruktuuri --- pārvadājumu infrastruktūra --- infrastruktura transportowa --- infrastruttura tat-trasport --- infrastrukturë transporti --- dopravná infraštruktúra --- transpordi infrastruktuur --- транспортна инфраструктура --- prometna infrastruktura --- саобраћајна инфраструктура --- dopravní infrastruktura --- transportinfrastruktur --- infrastructure de transport --- infrastructura transporturilor --- közlekedési infrastruktúra --- Transportinfrastruktur --- infrastruttura dei trasporti --- сообраќајна инфраструктура --- infraestrutura do transporte --- transport infrastructure --- transporto infrastruktūra --- υποδομή μεταφορών --- аеродроми --- пристаништа --- патишта --- transportna infrastruktura --- infra-estrutura do transporte --- железници --- dopravní obslužnost --- venkovská komunikace --- lokalna cesta --- földút --- vía rural --- droga wiejska --- Feldweg --- maaseututie --- kohalik tee --- triq fil-kampanja --- lauku ceļš --- rrugë rurale --- strada rurale --- landsväg --- șosele --- via rural --- podeželska cesta --- αγροτική οδός --- vidiecka cesta --- полски път --- vej i landområde --- сеоски пут --- voie rurale --- country road --- kaimo kelias --- селски пат --- μουλαρόδρομος --- voirie rurale --- mule track --- vankritee --- mulattiera --- локален пат --- šumska cesta --- chemin vicinal --- byväg --- erdei út --- ezelpad --- bosweg --- caminho --- æselsti --- poľná cesta --- kruusatee --- Land- und Feldwegenetz --- camino forestal --- metsatee --- шумска патека --- Wirtschaftsweg --- skovvej --- γεωργικός δρόμος --- landbouwweg --- rrugë fshati --- шумски пат --- lokale weg --- kaimo kelių sistema --- ország- és földúthálózat --- rrugë në pyll --- venkovská cesta --- vietinis kelias --- landsbygdsväg --- landwirtschaftliches Wegenetz --- caminho florestal --- sentier muletier --- sentiero vicinale --- chemin forestier --- landwegen --- rrugë kalimi fshati --- maatee --- zvážnica --- Mauleselpfad --- miško kelias --- Maultierpfad --- paikallinen tie --- chemin rural --- rural road system --- sentiero agricolo --- sentiero forestale --- caminho vicinal --- farm road --- markväg --- lauksaimniecības ceļš --- farmárska cesta --- maakonna teedevõrk --- sistema viario rurale --- zemědělská cesta --- δασικός δρόμος --- poľnohospodárska komunikácia --- camino agrícola --- muldyrsti --- maatilan tie --- Waldweg --- ländliche Straße --- козја патека --- forest road --- drum de țară --- lesní cesta --- kärrytie --- forstwirtschaftlicher Weg --- okresná cesta --- seoska cesta --- meža ceļš --- camino rural --- rrugë lokale --- farm track --- åsnestig --- camino vecinal --- maaseudun tieverkko --- lesná cesta --- sistem rrugor rural --- επαρχιακός δρόμος --- metsätie --- vieškelis --- rede viária rural --- obecní cesta --- skogsväg --- rural road --- mezőgazdasági úthálózat --- vidéki út --- vietējas nozīmes ceļš --- soratie --- local road --- markvej --- rrugë mushke --- αγροτική οδονομία --- systém vidieckych ciest --- külatee --- chemin agricole --- sentiero rurale --- talutee --- sentiero campestre --- vía pecuaria --- 442.1 Wegenaanleg --- 351.777 --- 351.777 Wetgeving, reglementering i.v.m. milieubeheer, milieuhygiene, verontreiniging. Milieurecht. Milieuhygienerecht--zie ook {?502/504}; {?613/614}; {628} --- Wetgeving, reglementering i.v.m. milieubeheer, milieuhygiene, verontreiniging. Milieurecht. Milieuhygienerecht--zie ook {?502/504}; {?613/614}; {628} --- mótarbhealach --- luasbhealach --- trácht ar bhóithre --- iompar ar bóthar --- beartas iompair --- gréasán iompair --- bonneagar iompair --- bóthar tuaithe --- Belgique --- Voirie et réseaux divers --- Verkehr auf der Straße --- Highway law