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Introduction : L’hémorragie massive est une des causes majeures de décès évitable. La pose d’un garrot artériel permet un contrôle précoce d’un saignement artériel au niveau d’un membre. Les premiers témoins peuvent donc jouer un rôle capital en attendant l’arrivée des secours. Or, la plupart des civils ne reçoivent aucune formation concernant la gestion d’une hémorragie massive. L’objectif principal de cette étude est de contribuer à l’évaluation d’un protocole 112 d’assistance à la mise en place d‘un garrot artériel (type Pre-Arrival Instructions) par le grand public.&#13;Matériel et méthodes : Une étude prospective quasi-expérimentale a été menée. Les données ont été récoltées auprès de 69 personnes (population incomplète en raison du COVID-19). La population a été divisée en 2 groupes : les intervenants formés à la pose du garrot (F, n=38) et les intervenants qui n’ont pas bénéficiés de la formation Stop The Bleed (NF, n=31). Chaque groupe a été scindé en 2 sous-groupes : le premier a bénéficié de l’aide des opérateurs 112 (A) et le second n’a pas été aidé (NA). Pour les personnes formées, 4 mois séparaient la formation de la phase de test. Quant au protocole d’assistance, il a été testé par la régulation médicale du 112 en Province de Liège. &#13;Résultats : 40% des F/NA ont placé le garrot au-dessus du saignement contre 6,50% pour les NF/NA (p-valeur <0,05). Le contrôle du saignement a été obtenu pour 30% des F/NA contre 0% pour les NF/NA (p-valeur <0,05). La sécurisation de la barre de tension a été réalisée par 33,30% des F/NA contre 0% pour les NF/NA (p-valeur <0,05). La mise en place du garrot de manière efficace a été effectuée par 26,70% des F/NA contre 0% pour les NF/NA (p-valeur <0,05). La durée moyenne de pose du garrot est de 58,50 secondes pour les F/NA et de 300 secondes pour les F/A. &#13;Conclusion : La formation Stop The Bleed semble être adaptée au grand public. Elle témoigne de l’importance que peut avoir un premier témoin dans la gestion d’une hémorragie massive préhospitalière. Des recherches ultérieures sont nécessaires pour tenter de valider le protocole d’assistance et l’implémenter dans les centres d’appels unifiés 112. Introduction: Massive bleeding is one of the most common death causes even though it could sometimes be avoided. Putting an arterial tourniquet allows an early control over arterial bleeding of a limb. First responders could play a crucial role while waiting for emergency services. Unfortunately, most of the civilians have never had any formation regarding how to handle such a bleeding. The key goal of this study is to contribute to the assessment of a 112-assistance protocol which would help anyone to use an arterial tourniquet.&#13;Methods: A quasi-experimental forward study has been done. Data was collected thanks to the help of 69 people (incomplete population because of COVID-19). The test population was split into 2 groups : in the first one there were people trained to use a tourniquet (F, n=38) and in the other one there were people who didn’t follow “Stop the Bleed” course (NF, n=31). Again, each group was divided into 2 subgroups: one was getting help from the 112 operators (A) while the other wasn’t (NA). The ones who followed the formation, did so 4 months before the test. Concerning the assistance (Pre-Arrival Instructions [PAI]) protocol, he was tested by the Emergency Medical System regulation in Province of Liege.&#13;Results: 30% of the F/NA reached over bleeding control and none of the NF/NA did so (p-value <0,05). None of the NF/NA group installed the tourniquet properly while 26,70% of the F/NA group did so (p-value <0,05). 40% of the F/NA placed the tourniquet just above the bleeding while only 6,50% of the NF/NA (p-value <0,05) did. The securement of the tension bar was realized by 33,30% of the F/NA while none succeeded in the NF/NA group (p-value <0,05). The installation was shorter for the F/NA group with 58,50 seconds against 300 seconds for the F/A group.&#13;Conclusion: The Stop the Bleed training seems to be effective for lay public. It shows the role of first responder in the pre-hospital management of a massive bleeding. Further research is necessary to validate the massive bleeding PAI protocol and its implementation in the Belgian 112 calling centers.

hémorragie massive --- garrot artériel --- premier témoin --- protocole 112 --- formation Stop The Bleed --- massive bleeding --- arterial tourniquet --- first responder --- 112-assistance protocol --- Stop The Bleed training --- Sciences de la santé humaine > Santé publique, services médicaux & soins de santé

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Each year, disasters such as storms, floods, fires, volcanoes, earthquakes, and epidemics cause thousands of casualties and tremendous damage to property around the world, displacing tens of thousands of people from their homes and destroying their livelihoods. The majority of these casualties and property loss could be prevented if better information were available regarding the onset and course of such disasters. Several remote sensing technologies, such as meteorological and Earth observation satellites, communication satellites, and satellite-based positioning, supported by geoinformation technologies, offer the potential to contribute to improved prediction and monitoring of potential hazards, risk mitigation, and disaster management which, in turn, would lead to sharp reductions in losses to life and property. This book explores most of the scientific issues related to spatially supported disaster management and its integration with geographical information system technologies in different disaster examples and scales. Dealing with disasters over space and time represents a long-lasting theme, now approached by means of innovative techniques and modelling approaches. Several priorities for actions are outlined toward preventing new and reduce existing disaster risks, including understanding disaster risk, strengthening disaster risk governance for management of disaster risk, investing in disaster reduction for resilience, and enhancing disaster preparedness for effective response. This book presents ideas to address the challenges facing different components of spatial patterns related to ecological processes, and the published articles extended versions of selected presentations from the Gi4DM Conference in 2019 in Prague.

mapping impact --- tidal flood --- hydrodynamic model --- solar salt farming --- drone --- computer vision --- point clouds --- machine learning --- CNN --- GAN --- first responder --- RECONASS --- INACHUS --- multi-hazard --- susceptibility mapping --- developing urban settlements --- landslide --- flood --- logistic regression --- Mamdani fuzzy algorithm --- M-AHP --- cartographic symbols --- map symbology --- crisis map --- comparative analysis --- taxonomy --- graphic design --- availability --- promulgation --- sharing --- standardisation --- Black sea --- sea level change --- tide gauge --- satellite altimetry --- GNSS --- post-fire management --- forest regeneration --- fire severity mapping --- multispectral imagery --- Sentinel-2A --- unmanned aerial vehicles --- Parrot SEQUOIA --- climate change --- fuzzy logic --- GIS, household --- Index method --- sea level rise --- vulnerability --- n/a