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A single-crystal plasticity model as well as a gradient crystal plasticity model are used to describe the creep behavior of directionally solidi?ed NiAl based eutectic alloys. To consider the transition from theoretical to bulk strength, a hardening model was introduced to describe the strength of the reinforcing phases. Moreover, to account for microstructural changes due to material ?ux, a coupled diffusional-mechanical simulation model was introduced.

Crystal plasticity --- Creep --- Directional solidification --- Gradient plasticity --- Finite element simulation --- Kriechen --- Gerichtete Erstarrung --- Finite Elemente Methode --- Kristallplastizität --- Gradientenplastizität

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Laser shock processing (LSP) is a continuously developing effective technology used to improve surface and mechanical properties for metallic alloys. LSP is in direct competition with other established technologies, such as shot peening, both in preventive manufacturing treatments and maintenance/repair operations. The level of LSP maturity has increased in recent years and several thematic international conferences have been organized (i.e., the 7th ICLPRP held in Singapore, June 17–22, 2018) to discuss different developments of a number of key aspects. These aspects include: fundamental laser interaction phenomena; material behavior at high deformation rates/under intense shock waves; laser sources and experimental process implementation; induced microstructural/surface/stress effects; mechanical and surface properties with experimental characterization and testing; numerical process simulation; development and validation of applications; comparison of LSP to competing technologies; and novel related processes. All of these aspects have been recursively treated by well-renowned specialists, providing a firm basis for the further development of the technology in its path to industrial penetration. However, the application of LSP (and related technologies) on different types of materials with different applications (such as the always demanding aeronautical/aerospatial field or the energy generation, automotive, and biomedical fields) still requires extensive effort to elucidate and master different critical aspects. Thus, LSP deserves a great research effort as a necessary step prior to its industrial readiness level. The present Special Issue of Metals in the field of “Laser Shock Processing and Related Phenomena” aims, from its initial launching date, to collect (especially for the use of LSP application developers in different target sectors) a number of high-quality and relevant papers representing state-of-the-art technology that is useful to newcomers in realizing its wide and relevant prospects as a key manufacturing technology. Consequently, in an additional and complementary way, papers were presented at the thematic ICLPRP conferences, and a call was made to authors willing to prepare high-quality and relevant papers to the journal, with the confidence that their work would become part of a fundamental reference collection regarding the present state-of-the-art LSP technology. The Special Issue includes two reviews and nine research papers. Each contribution adds to the reference knowledge of LSP technology and covers the practical totality of open issues, which will lead to present-day research at worldwide universities, research centers, and industrial companies.

History of engineering & technology --- laser peening --- fatigue --- residual stress --- laser shock waves --- laser peening history --- laser shock peening --- residual stresses --- shot pattern --- energy density --- overlap --- hole drilling --- AA 2024 --- cladded aluminum --- notch --- aluminium alloys --- finite element method --- polymers --- solid confinement --- VISAR measurement --- laser shock processing --- plasma diagnosis --- electron density --- dry laser peening --- femtosecond laser --- shock wave --- laser welding --- 2024 aluminum alloy --- high-velocity impact welding --- laser impact welding --- finite element simulation --- experimental analysis --- microhardness --- resonant fatigue resistance --- roughness --- aluminum alloys --- handheld laser --- nuclear power reactor --- stress corrosion cracking --- anisotropy --- FEM analysis --- Mg AZ31B alloy --- n/a

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Laser shock processing (LSP) is a continuously developing effective technology used to improve surface and mechanical properties for metallic alloys. LSP is in direct competition with other established technologies, such as shot peening, both in preventive manufacturing treatments and maintenance/repair operations. The level of LSP maturity has increased in recent years and several thematic international conferences have been organized (i.e., the 7th ICLPRP held in Singapore, June 17–22, 2018) to discuss different developments of a number of key aspects. These aspects include: fundamental laser interaction phenomena; material behavior at high deformation rates/under intense shock waves; laser sources and experimental process implementation; induced microstructural/surface/stress effects; mechanical and surface properties with experimental characterization and testing; numerical process simulation; development and validation of applications; comparison of LSP to competing technologies; and novel related processes. All of these aspects have been recursively treated by well-renowned specialists, providing a firm basis for the further development of the technology in its path to industrial penetration. However, the application of LSP (and related technologies) on different types of materials with different applications (such as the always demanding aeronautical/aerospatial field or the energy generation, automotive, and biomedical fields) still requires extensive effort to elucidate and master different critical aspects. Thus, LSP deserves a great research effort as a necessary step prior to its industrial readiness level. The present Special Issue of Metals in the field of “Laser Shock Processing and Related Phenomena” aims, from its initial launching date, to collect (especially for the use of LSP application developers in different target sectors) a number of high-quality and relevant papers representing state-of-the-art technology that is useful to newcomers in realizing its wide and relevant prospects as a key manufacturing technology. Consequently, in an additional and complementary way, papers were presented at the thematic ICLPRP conferences, and a call was made to authors willing to prepare high-quality and relevant papers to the journal, with the confidence that their work would become part of a fundamental reference collection regarding the present state-of-the-art LSP technology. The Special Issue includes two reviews and nine research papers. Each contribution adds to the reference knowledge of LSP technology and covers the practical totality of open issues, which will lead to present-day research at worldwide universities, research centers, and industrial companies.

History of engineering & technology --- laser peening --- fatigue --- residual stress --- laser shock waves --- laser peening history --- laser shock peening --- residual stresses --- shot pattern --- energy density --- overlap --- hole drilling --- AA 2024 --- cladded aluminum --- notch --- aluminium alloys --- finite element method --- polymers --- solid confinement --- VISAR measurement --- laser shock processing --- plasma diagnosis --- electron density --- dry laser peening --- femtosecond laser --- shock wave --- laser welding --- 2024 aluminum alloy --- high-velocity impact welding --- laser impact welding --- finite element simulation --- experimental analysis --- microhardness --- resonant fatigue resistance --- roughness --- aluminum alloys --- handheld laser --- nuclear power reactor --- stress corrosion cracking --- anisotropy --- FEM analysis --- Mg AZ31B alloy

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The numerical simulation of sheet metal forming processes has become an indispensable tool for the design of components and their forming processes. This role was attained due to the huge impact in reducing time to market and the cost of developing new components in industries ranging from automotive to packing, as well as enabling an improved understanding of the deformation mechanisms and their interaction with process parameters. Despite being a consolidated tool, its potential for application continues to be discovered with the continuous need to simulate more complex processes, including the integration of the various processes involved in the production of a sheet metal component and the analysis of in-service behavior. The quest for more robust and sustainable processes has also changed its deterministic character into stochastic to be able to consider the scatter in mechanical properties induced by previous manufacturing processes. Faced with these challenges, this Special Issue presents scientific advances in the development of numerical tools that improve the prediction results for conventional forming process, enable the development of new forming processes, or contribute to the integration of several manufacturing processes, highlighting the growing multidisciplinary characteristic of this field.

n/a --- hardening --- modeling --- direct forming --- forming limit curve --- depth-sensing indentation --- stamping --- finite element method --- similitude --- the bathtub model --- boron steel --- plastic anisotropy --- physical experiment --- robustness evaluation --- cold deep drawing --- hardening law --- formability --- magnetic-pulse forming --- hot deep drawing --- metallic bipolar plate --- parameters identification --- finite element simulation --- mechanical properties --- hardness --- deformation characteristics --- continuum damage mechanics --- yield function --- Knoop indenter --- Young’s modulus --- damage --- 3D adaptive remeshing --- springback --- bake hardening --- Johnson–Cook material model --- anisotropy --- indirect forming --- ductile damage --- steel sheet --- mechanical modeling --- fracture behavior --- fuel cells --- dent resistance --- numerical simulation --- mixed hardening --- M-K theory --- uniform deformation --- non-proportional loading paths --- high-frequency oscillation --- gas detonation forming --- yield locus --- sheet metal forming --- inhomogeneity --- TA32 titanium alloy --- aluminium alloy formability --- Young's modulus --- Johnson-Cook material model

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The miniaturization of industrial products is a global trend. Metal forming technology is not only suitable for mass production and excellent in productivity and cost reduction, but it is also a key processing method that is essential for products that utilize advantage of the mechanical and functional properties of metals. However, it is not easy to realize the processing even if the conventional metal forming technology is directly scaled down. This is because the characteristics of materials, processing methods, die and tools, etc., vary greatly with miniaturization. In metal micro forming technology, the size effect of major issues for micro forming have also been clarified academically. New processing methods for metal micro forming have also been developed by introducing new special processing techniques, and it is a new wave of innovation toward high precision, high degree of processing, and high flexibility. To date, several special issues and books have been published on micro-forming technology. This book contains 11 of the latest research results on metal micro forming technology. The editor believes that it will be very useful for understanding the state-of-the-art of metal micro forming technology and for understanding future trends.

laser impact liquid flexible embossing --- microforming --- 3-D large area micro arrays --- liquid shock wave --- high strain rate forming --- numerical simulation --- carbon nanotubes --- feedstock --- homogeneity --- metallic powders --- micro hot embossing --- shaping --- plasma printing --- micro-texturing --- screen printing --- low-temperature plasma nitriding --- selective anisotropic nitrogen embedding --- selective hardening --- sand blasting --- AISI316 --- micro-meshing punch array --- copper plates --- resistance heating system --- surface modification --- free surface roughness evolution --- compression --- thin sheet metal --- micro metal forming --- ultrasonic --- orbital forming --- micro-tubes --- micro-tube drawing --- micro-hydroforming --- laser assisted --- severe plastic deformation --- micro-tube testing --- dieless drawing --- SUS304 stainless steel wires --- oxide layer --- finite element simulation --- surface texturing --- sheet metal forming --- in-situ observation --- micro-dimple --- lubricant --- microtube --- hydroforming --- T-shape bulging --- tube materials --- friction --- tube length --- micro hydroformability --- process window --- FE analysis --- microstructure --- size effects --- deformation characterization --- micro-rolling --- wire --- n/a