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Traditionally fatigue, fracture, damage mechanics are predictions are based on empirical curve fitting models based on experimental data. However, when entropy is used as the metric for degradation of the material, the modeling process becomes physics based rather than empirical modeling. Because, entropy generation in a material can be calculated from the fundamental equation of thematerial. This collection of manuscripts is about using entropy for "Fatigue, Fracture, Failure Prediction and Structural Health Monitoring". The theoretical paper in the collection provides the mathematical and physics framework behind the unified mechanics theory, which unifies universal laws of motion of Newton and laws of thermodynamics at ab-initio level. Unified Mechanics introduces an additional axis called, Thermodynamic State Index axis which is linearly independent from Newtonian space x, y, z and time. As a result, derivative of displacement with respect to entropy is not zero, in unified mechanics theory, as in Newtonian mechanics. Any material is treated as a thermodynamic system and fundamental equation of the material is derived. Fundamental equation defines entropy generation rate in the system. Experimental papers in the collection prove validity of using entropy as a stable metric for Fatigue, Fracture, Failure Prediction and Structural Health Monitoring.

fatigue --- system failure --- degradation analysis --- entropy generation --- stress strain --- plastic strain --- thermodynamics --- health monitoring --- copula entropy --- measure --- dependence --- multiple degradation processes --- physics of failure --- prognosis and health management --- entropy as damage --- acoustic emission --- information entropy --- thermodynamic entropy --- Jeffreys divergence --- MaxEnt distributions --- fatigue damage --- low-cycle fatigue --- satellite --- dynamic health evaluation --- fuzzy reasoning --- entropy increase rate --- creep strain --- damage mechanics --- metallic material --- mechanothermodynamics --- tribo-fatigue entropy --- wear-fatigue damage --- stress-strain state --- limiting state --- damage state --- dangerous volume --- interaction --- irreversible damage --- degradation-entropy generation theorem --- dual-phase steel --- fatigue crack growth rate --- spectrum loading --- entropy --- unified mechanics --- Ti-6Al-4V --- medium entropy alloy --- deformation twinning --- dislocation slip --- surface nano-crystallization --- shot peening --- n/a

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Traditionally fatigue, fracture, damage mechanics are predictions are based on empirical curve fitting models based on experimental data. However, when entropy is used as the metric for degradation of the material, the modeling process becomes physics based rather than empirical modeling. Because, entropy generation in a material can be calculated from the fundamental equation of thematerial. This collection of manuscripts is about using entropy for "Fatigue, Fracture, Failure Prediction and Structural Health Monitoring". The theoretical paper in the collection provides the mathematical and physics framework behind the unified mechanics theory, which unifies universal laws of motion of Newton and laws of thermodynamics at ab-initio level. Unified Mechanics introduces an additional axis called, Thermodynamic State Index axis which is linearly independent from Newtonian space x, y, z and time. As a result, derivative of displacement with respect to entropy is not zero, in unified mechanics theory, as in Newtonian mechanics. Any material is treated as a thermodynamic system and fundamental equation of the material is derived. Fundamental equation defines entropy generation rate in the system. Experimental papers in the collection prove validity of using entropy as a stable metric for Fatigue, Fracture, Failure Prediction and Structural Health Monitoring.

History of engineering & technology --- fatigue --- system failure --- degradation analysis --- entropy generation --- stress strain --- plastic strain --- thermodynamics --- health monitoring --- copula entropy --- measure --- dependence --- multiple degradation processes --- physics of failure --- prognosis and health management --- entropy as damage --- acoustic emission --- information entropy --- thermodynamic entropy --- Jeffreys divergence --- MaxEnt distributions --- fatigue damage --- low-cycle fatigue --- satellite --- dynamic health evaluation --- fuzzy reasoning --- entropy increase rate --- creep strain --- damage mechanics --- metallic material --- mechanothermodynamics --- tribo-fatigue entropy --- wear-fatigue damage --- stress-strain state --- limiting state --- damage state --- dangerous volume --- interaction --- irreversible damage --- degradation-entropy generation theorem --- dual-phase steel --- fatigue crack growth rate --- spectrum loading --- entropy --- unified mechanics --- Ti-6Al-4V --- medium entropy alloy --- deformation twinning --- dislocation slip --- surface nano-crystallization --- shot peening --- n/a

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Most metallic components and structures are subjected, in service, to random or variable amplitude loadings. There are many examples: vehicles subjected to loadings and vibrations caused by road irregularity and engine, structures exposed to wind, off-shore platforms undergoing wave-loadings, and so on. Just like constant amplitude loadings, random and variable amplitude loadings can make fatigue cracks initiate and propagate, even up to catastrophic failures. Engineers faced with the problem of estimating the structural integrity and the fatigue strength of metallic structures, or their propensity to fracture, usually make use of theoretical, numerical, or experimental approaches. This reprint collects a series of recent scientific contributions aimed at providing an up-to-date overview of approaches and case studies—theoretical, numerical or experimental—on several topics in the field of fracture, fatigue strength, and the structural integrity of metallic components subjected to random or variable amplitude loadings.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- small cracks --- helicopter flight load spectra --- FALSTAFF flight load spectra --- fatigue crack growth --- surface topography --- optical profilometry --- height digital image correlation --- discontinuous displacements --- triaxial displacements --- fracture analysis --- welded joint --- repair welding thermal shock --- XFEM --- welding linear energy --- high-temperature fatigue --- nickel-based superalloy --- investment casting --- metallography --- turbine blade --- fatigue --- testing systems --- random loadings --- servo-hydraulic --- shaker table --- crack growth --- metallic materials --- plasticity --- crack closure --- spectrum loading --- random loading --- fatigue damage --- power spectral density (PSD) --- spectral methods --- lattice structures --- structural dynamic response --- vibration fatigue testing --- fatigue life prediction --- analytical framework --- fatigue crack --- residual strength --- retardation effect --- nonstationary random loadings --- run test --- short-time Fourier transform --- n/a

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In dealing with fracture and fatigue assessments of structural components, different approaches have been proposed in the literature. They are usually divided into three subgroups according to stress-based, strain-based, and energy-based criteria. Typical applications include both linear elastic and elastoplastic materials and plain and notched or cracked components under both static and fatigue loadings. The aim of this Special Issue is to provide an update to the state-of-the-art on these approaches. The topics addressed in this Special Issue are applications from nano- to full-scale complex and real structures and recent advanced criteria for fracture and fatigue predictions under complex loading conditions, such as multiaxial constant and variable amplitude fatigue loadings.

History of engineering & technology --- fatigue life prediction --- dissipated energy --- thermo-graphic technique --- thermal evolution --- peridynamics --- composite --- ordinary state-based --- double cantilever composite beam (DCB) --- delamination --- control volume concept --- critical plane approach --- fatigue life assessment --- severely notched specimens --- strain energy density --- monitoring of fatigue crack --- damage index --- ultrasonic guided waves --- sensor network --- structural health monitoring --- thermal fatigue --- thermal barrier coat --- master–slave model --- life prediction --- nozzle guide vane --- microcracks --- multiple fatigue crack --- crack coalescence --- concrete beams --- damage evolution --- multiscale --- fatigue damage evolution --- ABAQUS subroutine --- 3D reconstruction --- MCT scanning --- fatigue life --- cleat filler --- broken coal seam --- wellbore stability --- analytical model --- affecting factors --- fatigue crack --- welded bogie frame --- wheel polygon --- rail corrugation --- running speed --- finite fracture mechanics --- nanoscale --- silicon --- brittle --- notch --- fracture --- nanodevice --- life assessment --- crack initiation --- crack propagation --- finite element method --- scroll compressor --- fatigue --- crack --- metal --- structure --- welded joint --- FEM

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In dealing with fracture and fatigue assessments of structural components, different approaches have been proposed in the literature. They are usually divided into three subgroups according to stress-based, strain-based, and energy-based criteria. Typical applications include both linear elastic and elastoplastic materials and plain and notched or cracked components under both static and fatigue loadings. The aim of this Special Issue is to provide an update to the state-of-the-art on these approaches. The topics addressed in this Special Issue are applications from nano- to full-scale complex and real structures and recent advanced criteria for fracture and fatigue predictions under complex loading conditions, such as multiaxial constant and variable amplitude fatigue loadings.

fatigue life prediction --- dissipated energy --- thermo-graphic technique --- thermal evolution --- peridynamics --- composite --- ordinary state-based --- double cantilever composite beam (DCB) --- delamination --- control volume concept --- critical plane approach --- fatigue life assessment --- severely notched specimens --- strain energy density --- monitoring of fatigue crack --- damage index --- ultrasonic guided waves --- sensor network --- structural health monitoring --- thermal fatigue --- thermal barrier coat --- master–slave model --- life prediction --- nozzle guide vane --- microcracks --- multiple fatigue crack --- crack coalescence --- concrete beams --- damage evolution --- multiscale --- fatigue damage evolution --- ABAQUS subroutine --- 3D reconstruction --- MCT scanning --- fatigue life --- cleat filler --- broken coal seam --- wellbore stability --- analytical model --- affecting factors --- fatigue crack --- welded bogie frame --- wheel polygon --- rail corrugation --- running speed --- finite fracture mechanics --- nanoscale --- silicon --- brittle --- notch --- fracture --- nanodevice --- life assessment --- crack initiation --- crack propagation --- finite element method --- scroll compressor --- fatigue --- crack --- metal --- structure --- welded joint --- FEM