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Dwellings --- Evaporative cooling --- Energy conservation --- Research.

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Evaporative cooling --- Air conditioning --- Research. --- Efficiency.

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Evaporative cooling --- Air conditioning --- Air conditioning --- Research. --- Energy conservation. --- Efficiency.

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In a context of climate changes around the world and a willingness to achieve the goal fixed, the 2015
Paris Agreement, decarbonized strategies must be established. With this climate change, an increase
in cooling consumption of buildings can be expected. The current solution to achieve thermal com-
fort in buildings is to install air conditioning units to produce fresh air to cool the buildings. These
conventional air-conditioning systems consume a relatively large amount of electricity to produce this
cold, but also use refrigerants that contribute to the greenhouse effect and the destruction of the ozone
layer. However, there are alternatives to conventional air conditioning, including evaporative cooling
systems with a desiccant wheel.
The aim of this study is to evaluate different evaporative cooling techniques, including a review
of the different possible designs and configurations. A modelling of the whole cycle for a standard
configuration is performed. The modelling of each component of the cycle is addressed, a simple model
for each component and a complex model for the desiccant wheel and the rotary air-air exchanger.
A parametric study for each model is carried out in order to observe the impact of the evolution of
the parameters on the outputs of each model. A calibration of the simple models for the desiccant
wheel and the rotary air-air exchanger is carried out from data generated with the complex model as
well as a validation in order to evaluate the relevance of a simple model next to a complex model.
For the desiccant wheel, the simple model can substitute the complex model because the error on the
desiccant wheel output is ±0.5[K] and ±0.3[g_water/kg_air]. For the rotary exchanger, the simple model
does not allow to substitute the complex model, other elements like the flow rate must be taken into
account in the efficiency calculation.
This type of technology can be applied especially in hot and humid climates as it allows the
regulation of both temperature and humidity to ensure optimal thermal comfort. Even more so by
improving the way in which the regeneration temperature of the desiccant wheel is reached as well as
by installing solar collectors in order to make the system almost autonomous in energy.

Evaporative cooling --- Desiccant wheel --- Modelling --- Ingénierie, informatique & technologie > Energie

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Clinically-oriented and up-to-date, Dry Eye Diseases focuses on the latest diagnostic techniques, management guidelines, and treatment options for dry eye disorders. This consolidated resource provides guidance on the clinical assessment of patients presenting with dry eye symptoms as well as a global perspectives on the use of FDA and off-label products. Practicing and trainee ophthalmologists and optometrists will find this an indispensable resource for understanding this complex disorder.

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