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Le relativisme a représenté depuis l'Antiquité une philosophie parmi d'autres. Or, avec la " mort de Dieu ", il est devenu la philosophie dominante du monde occidental, ce qui invite à en mieux définir les contours. Il existe en effet différentes variantes du relativisme. Ainsi, pour le relativisme normatif, les normes et les valeurs sont des conventions culturelles et toutes les cultures se valent. Pour le relativisme cognitif, il n'y a pas de connaissance certaine, même en science. En retraçant l'histoire de ces relativismes, Raymond Boudon nous invite à distinguer le " bon " relativisme qui favorise le respect de l'Autre, du " mauvais ", qui engendre une perte des repères intellectuels, alimente le nihilisme et nuit à la démocratie.

Ethical relativism --- Relativity --- Relativisme moral --- Relativité --- Relativisme --- --BPB0802 --- 17.022 --- 17.031.13 --- Zedelijke beoordeling. Axiologie. Ethisch oordelen --- Ethisch relativisme. Historicisme. Historisme. Relativisme --- BPB0802 --- 17.031.13 Ethisch relativisme. Historicisme. Historisme. Relativisme --- 17.022 Zedelijke beoordeling. Axiologie. Ethisch oordelen --- Relativité --- --Ethical relativism --- Relativisme culturel

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This book offers an interpretation of the rise of secular historical thought in nineteenth-century Europe. Instead of characterizing 'historicism' and 'secularization' as fundamental breaks with Europe's religious heritage, they are presented as complex cultural permutations with much continuity; for inherited theological patterns of interpreting experience determined to a large degree the conditions, possibilities and limitations of the forms of historical imagination realizable by nineteenth-century secular intellectuals. This point is made by examining the thought of the German theologian W. M. L. de Wette and that of the Swiss-German historian Jacob Burckhardt. Burckhardt's meeting with de Wette and his subsequent decision to study history over theology are interpreted as revealing moments in nineteenth-century intellectual history. By examining their encounter, its larger historical context, and the thought of both men, the book demonstrates the centrality of theological concerns and forms of knowledge in the emergence of modern, secular historical consciousness.

Historicism. --- History --- Historicisme --- Histoire --- Religious aspects --- Christianity --- Philosophy --- Aspect religieux --- Christianisme --- Philosophie --- De Wette, Wilhelm Martin Leberecht, --- Burckhardt, Jacob, --- Christianity. --- 17.031.13 --- 930.11 "19" --- Historicism --- -Annals --- Auxiliary sciences of history --- Ethisch relativisme. Historicisme. Historisme. Relativisme --- Filosofie van de geschiedenis:--20ste eeuw --- -Christianity --- Burckhardt, Jacob --- De Wette, Wilhelm Martin Leberecht --- Burkhardt, Jacob --- -Ethisch relativisme. Historicisme. Historisme. Relativisme --- 930.11 "19" Filosofie van de geschiedenis:--20ste eeuw --- 17.031.13 Ethisch relativisme. Historicisme. Historisme. Relativisme --- -17.031.13 Ethisch relativisme. Historicisme. Historisme. Relativisme --- Annals --- Religious aspects&delete& --- Wette, Wilhelm Martin Leberecht de, --- De Wette, W. M. L. --- De Wette, Gulielmus Martin Leberecht, --- Burckhardt, Jakob --- Burckhardt, Carl Jacob Christoph --- History (Theology) --- Arts and Humanities --- History - Religious aspects - Christianity. --- Bibelkritik --- Historieforskning --- Historism --- Historia --- Religiösa aspekter --- Kristendom --- Historia.

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This book explores the thesis that legal roles force people to engage in moral combat, an idea which is implicit in the assumption that citizens may be morally required to disobey unjust laws, while judges may be morally required to punish citizens for civil disobedience. Heidi Hurd advances the surprising argument that the law cannot require us to do what morality forbids. The 'role-relative' understanding of morality is shown to be incompatible with both consequentialist and deontological moral philosophies. In the end, Hurd shows that our best moral theory is one which never makes one actor's moral success turn on another's moral failure. Moral Combat is a sophisticated, well-conceived and carefully argued book on a very important and controversial topic at the junction between legal and political philosophy. It will be of interest to moral, legal, and political philosophers, as well as teachers and students of professional ethics in law.

Droit et morale --- Droit et éthique --- Ethical relativism --- Ethisch relativisme --- Law and ethics --- Legal perspectivalism --- Moreel relativisme --- Recht en ethiek --- Recht en moraal --- Relativism [Ethical ] --- Relativisme [Ethisch ] --- Relativisme [Moreel ] --- Relativisme moral --- Law and ethics. --- Ethical relativism. --- Arts and Humanities --- Philosophy --- Moral relativism --- Relativism, Ethical --- Relativity (Ethics) --- Ethics --- Ethics, Evolutionary --- Ethics and law --- Law and morals --- Morals and law --- Law

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Historicism --- History --- Literature and history --- History in literature --- Historicisme --- Histoire --- Littérature et histoire --- Histoire dans la littérature --- Philosophy --- Philosophie --- Eclecticism in art --- Congresses --- 930.21 <43> "18/19" --- 830 "18/19" --- 17.031.13 --- Historiografie. Geschiedenis van de geschiedwetenschap--Duitsland voor 1945 en na 1989--Hedendaagse Tijd --- Duitse literatuur--Hedendaagse Tijd --- Ethisch relativisme. Historicisme. Historisme. Relativisme --- Ecletism in art --- Haistory, Philosophy --- 17.031.13 Ethisch relativisme. Historicisme. Historisme. Relativisme --- 830 "18/19" Duitse literatuur--Hedendaagse Tijd --- 930.21 <43> "18/19" Historiografie. Geschiedenis van de geschiedwetenschap--Duitsland voor 1945 en na 1989--Hedendaagse Tijd --- Littérature et histoire --- Histoire dans la littérature --- Historicism - Congresses. --- History - Philosophy - Congresses --- Eclecticism in art - Congresses. --- Literature and history - Congresses. --- History in literature - Congresses

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This book provides an analysis of the debate surrounding the facts of cultural diversity, the charge of "ethical imperialism", and the thesis that ethics must be viewed as relative to particular cultures or societies. Macklin examines the role of cultural traditions when used as a defense against critical ethical judgements. She explores key issues in health and medicine seen through the lens of cultural diversity: the physician-patient relationship, disclosing a diagnosis of fatal illness, informed consent, brain death and organ transplantation, rituals surrounding birth and death, female genital mutilation, sex selection of offspring, fertility regulation, and biomedical research involving human subjects. Among the conclusions she reaches are that ethical universals exist, but they should not be confused with ethical absolutes; and that the existence of ethical universals is compatible with a variety of culturally relative interpretations. Some rights related to medicine and healthcare ought to be considered human rights. Illustrative examples are drawn from the author's experience serving on international ethical review committees and her travels to a dozen countries in Africa, Asia, and Latin America, where she conducted educational workshops and carried out her own research.

Medical ethics --- Transcultural medical care --- Ethical relativism. --- Cultural relativism. --- Ethique médicale --- Services transculturels de santé --- Relativisme moral --- Relativisme culturel --- Cross-cultural studies --- Moral and ethical aspects --- Etudes transculturelles --- Aspect moral --- Ethical absolutism. --- Cross-cultural studies. --- Moral and ethical aspects. --- bio-ethiek (medische, biomedische ethiek, bio-ethische aspecten) --- cultuur (culturele aspecten) --- traditie --- multiculturalisme --- ethisch relativisme --- mensenrechten (rechten van de mens) --- filosofie (filosofische aspecten) --- antropologie (culturele antropologie, antropologische aspecten) --- internationaal perspectief (mondiale invalshoek) --- bioéthique (éthique médicale, biomédicale, aspects bioéthiques) --- culture (aspects culturels) --- tradition --- multiculturalité --- relativisme éthique --- droits de l'homme --- philosophie (aspects philosophiques) --- anthropologie (anthropologie culturelle, aspects anthropologiques) --- perspective internationale (optique mondiale) --- Ethique médicale --- Services transculturels de santé --- Cultural relativism --- Ethical absolutism --- Ethical relativism --- Cross-cultural medical care --- Cross-cultural medicine --- Transcultural medicine --- Medical care --- Social medicine --- Biomedical ethics --- Clinical ethics --- Ethics, Medical --- Health care ethics --- Medicine --- Bioethics --- Professional ethics --- Nursing ethics --- Moral relativism --- Relativism, Ethical --- Relativity (Ethics) --- Ethics --- Ethics, Evolutionary --- Absolutism (Ethics) --- Moral absolutism --- Relativism, Cultural --- Ethnology --- Ethnopsychology --- Relativity --- Medical ethics - Cross-cultural studies. --- Transcultural medical care - Moral and ethical aspects.