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Dissertation
Year: 2019 Publisher: Liège Université de Liège (ULiège)
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The mammalian body is a wonder of complexity, preparing itself to thrive, accordingly to predictable changes in its environment, through bidirectional interactions between the circadian clock system and metabolic regulation pathways. This circadian system is composed of several clocks: a master clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the hypothalamus, synchronising the entire body with light/dark cycles; autonomous molecular oscillators inside most of the cells including loops of transcription and translation of core clock genes and post-translational modifications through reduction/oxidation cycles; feedforward/feedback control over important hormonal axes such as the entero-insular axis or the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This interlocking activity is particularly at state within metabolic syndromes, be that in mice as well as in human or horses. The aim of our work is to underline the importance of genetic factors intertwined with environmental factors such as time of food intake, composition of diet, exercise rate, in the pathology of this comparable diseases, by linking the many examples of circadian clock system disruptions with the resulting metabolic issues. L’organisme mammifère est, de par sa complexité exemplaire, préparé à survivre le mieux possible en cohérence avec les changements quotidiens intervenant dans son environnement. Ceci est permis notamment par les interactions bidirectionnelles entre le système circadien et les voies de régulation métaboliques. Le système circadien est composé de plusieurs « horloges » : un chef d’orchestre dans le noyau suprachiasmatique situé dans l’hypothalamus relie les cycles de nuit et jour au reste du corps ; des oscillateurs autonomes au sein de la plupart des cellules de l’organisme, comprenant des boucles de transcription/traduction des gènes constituant le cœur de l’horloge et des modifications posttraductionnelles à travers des cycles de réduction/oxydation ; des effets de contrôle/rétro-contrôle sur des axes hormonaux importants tels que l’axe hypotalamo-hypophyso-surrénalien ou entéroinsulinaire. Ces activités intrinsèquement liées sont particulièrement illustrées par les syndromes métaboliques explicités chez la souris, l’humain et les équidés. Le but de ce travail est de mettre en évidence l’importance des facteurs génétiques, en dialogue constant avec des facteurs environnementaux tels que les horaires de repas et la composition du régime alimentaire et sportif, par le biais de nombreux exemples de ruptures du système circadien et des conséquences métaboliques qui en découlent.
Book
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
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Adipose tissue is a rich, ubiquitous, and easily accessible source for multipotent mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), so-called adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs). Primary isolated ASCs are a heterogeneous preparation consisting of several subpopulations of stromal/stem and precursor cells. Donor-specific differences in ASC isolations and the lack of culture standardization hinder the comparison of results from different studies. Nevertheless, ASCs are already being used in different in vivo models and clinical trials to investigate their ability to improve tissue and organ regeneration. Many questions concerning their counterparts and biology in situ, their differentiation potential in vitro and in vivo, and the mechanisms of regeneration (paracrine effects, including regeneration-promoting factors and extracellular vesicles, differentiation, and immunomodulation) are not completely understood or remain unanswered. This Special Issue covers research articles investigating various adipose tissues as a source for ASC isolation, specific cultures methods to enhance proliferation or viability, and the differentiation capacity. Furthermore, other studies highlight aspects of various diseases, the immunosuppressive potential of ASCs and their derivates, or the in vivo tracking of transplanted ASCs. This edition is complemented by a review that summarizes the current knowledge of spheroid culture system methods and applications for mesenchymal stem cells.
Medicine --- lipomas --- adipose tissue --- stem cells --- adipogenesis --- osteogenesis --- mesenchymal stem cells --- T-cells --- conditioned medium --- extracellular vesicles --- TLR --- INF-γ --- adipose-derived stromal cells --- equine metabolic syndrome --- metformin --- adipose-derived stem cells --- adipocytes --- differentiation --- collagen I --- adiponectin --- integrins --- discoidin domain-containing receptor --- ageing --- subcutaneous fat --- adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (ASCs) --- cell differentiation --- volatile organic compounds --- metabolic monitoring --- adipose-derived stromal/stem cells --- chondrogenesis --- colony forming unit-fibroblast --- fetal bovine serum --- human platelet lysate --- mesenchymal stem cell --- regenerative medicine --- human adipose-derived stem cells --- stem cell proliferation --- signaling pathway --- adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells --- migration --- secretion --- primary cilium --- sonic hedgehog signaling --- mesenchymal stromal/stem cells --- perirenal --- fat --- characterization --- stimulation --- lipopolysaccharide --- cytokines --- cytomegalovirus --- angiogenesis --- adipose derived mesenchymal cells --- Histogel --- 3D cell culture --- spheroid culture --- biomaterials --- phenotype --- secretory potential --- ankylosing spondylitis --- systemic lupus erythematosus --- systemic sclerosis --- mesenchymal stromal cells --- breast cancer --- tumor microenvironment --- perineural invasion --- adipose derived stem cells --- valproic acid --- protein interactions --- MAPK pathway --- JAK/STAT pathway --- mesenchymal stromal cell --- tissue of origin --- prolonged culture --- epigenetic memory --- tracking --- bio imaging --- bioluminescence --- qRT-PCR --- Ataxia telangiectasia --- Atm --- n/a
Book
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Abstract | Keywords | Export | Availability | Bookmark
Loading...Choose an application
- Reference Manager
- EndNote
- RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)
Adipose tissue is a rich, ubiquitous, and easily accessible source for multipotent mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), so-called adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs). Primary isolated ASCs are a heterogeneous preparation consisting of several subpopulations of stromal/stem and precursor cells. Donor-specific differences in ASC isolations and the lack of culture standardization hinder the comparison of results from different studies. Nevertheless, ASCs are already being used in different in vivo models and clinical trials to investigate their ability to improve tissue and organ regeneration. Many questions concerning their counterparts and biology in situ, their differentiation potential in vitro and in vivo, and the mechanisms of regeneration (paracrine effects, including regeneration-promoting factors and extracellular vesicles, differentiation, and immunomodulation) are not completely understood or remain unanswered. This Special Issue covers research articles investigating various adipose tissues as a source for ASC isolation, specific cultures methods to enhance proliferation or viability, and the differentiation capacity. Furthermore, other studies highlight aspects of various diseases, the immunosuppressive potential of ASCs and their derivates, or the in vivo tracking of transplanted ASCs. This edition is complemented by a review that summarizes the current knowledge of spheroid culture system methods and applications for mesenchymal stem cells.
Medicine --- lipomas --- adipose tissue --- stem cells --- adipogenesis --- osteogenesis --- mesenchymal stem cells --- T-cells --- conditioned medium --- extracellular vesicles --- TLR --- INF-γ --- adipose-derived stromal cells --- equine metabolic syndrome --- metformin --- adipose-derived stem cells --- adipocytes --- differentiation --- collagen I --- adiponectin --- integrins --- discoidin domain-containing receptor --- ageing --- subcutaneous fat --- adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (ASCs) --- cell differentiation --- volatile organic compounds --- metabolic monitoring --- adipose-derived stromal/stem cells --- chondrogenesis --- colony forming unit-fibroblast --- fetal bovine serum --- human platelet lysate --- mesenchymal stem cell --- regenerative medicine --- human adipose-derived stem cells --- stem cell proliferation --- signaling pathway --- adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells --- migration --- secretion --- primary cilium --- sonic hedgehog signaling --- mesenchymal stromal/stem cells --- perirenal --- fat --- characterization --- stimulation --- lipopolysaccharide --- cytokines --- cytomegalovirus --- angiogenesis --- adipose derived mesenchymal cells --- Histogel --- 3D cell culture --- spheroid culture --- biomaterials --- phenotype --- secretory potential --- ankylosing spondylitis --- systemic lupus erythematosus --- systemic sclerosis --- mesenchymal stromal cells --- breast cancer --- tumor microenvironment --- perineural invasion --- adipose derived stem cells --- valproic acid --- protein interactions --- MAPK pathway --- JAK/STAT pathway --- mesenchymal stromal cell --- tissue of origin --- prolonged culture --- epigenetic memory --- tracking --- bio imaging --- bioluminescence --- qRT-PCR --- Ataxia telangiectasia --- Atm --- n/a
Book
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Abstract | Keywords | Export | Availability | Bookmark
Loading...Choose an application
- Reference Manager
- EndNote
- RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)
Adipose tissue is a rich, ubiquitous, and easily accessible source for multipotent mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), so-called adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs). Primary isolated ASCs are a heterogeneous preparation consisting of several subpopulations of stromal/stem and precursor cells. Donor-specific differences in ASC isolations and the lack of culture standardization hinder the comparison of results from different studies. Nevertheless, ASCs are already being used in different in vivo models and clinical trials to investigate their ability to improve tissue and organ regeneration. Many questions concerning their counterparts and biology in situ, their differentiation potential in vitro and in vivo, and the mechanisms of regeneration (paracrine effects, including regeneration-promoting factors and extracellular vesicles, differentiation, and immunomodulation) are not completely understood or remain unanswered. This Special Issue covers research articles investigating various adipose tissues as a source for ASC isolation, specific cultures methods to enhance proliferation or viability, and the differentiation capacity. Furthermore, other studies highlight aspects of various diseases, the immunosuppressive potential of ASCs and their derivates, or the in vivo tracking of transplanted ASCs. This edition is complemented by a review that summarizes the current knowledge of spheroid culture system methods and applications for mesenchymal stem cells.
lipomas --- adipose tissue --- stem cells --- adipogenesis --- osteogenesis --- mesenchymal stem cells --- T-cells --- conditioned medium --- extracellular vesicles --- TLR --- INF-γ --- adipose-derived stromal cells --- equine metabolic syndrome --- metformin --- adipose-derived stem cells --- adipocytes --- differentiation --- collagen I --- adiponectin --- integrins --- discoidin domain-containing receptor --- ageing --- subcutaneous fat --- adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (ASCs) --- cell differentiation --- volatile organic compounds --- metabolic monitoring --- adipose-derived stromal/stem cells --- chondrogenesis --- colony forming unit-fibroblast --- fetal bovine serum --- human platelet lysate --- mesenchymal stem cell --- regenerative medicine --- human adipose-derived stem cells --- stem cell proliferation --- signaling pathway --- adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells --- migration --- secretion --- primary cilium --- sonic hedgehog signaling --- mesenchymal stromal/stem cells --- perirenal --- fat --- characterization --- stimulation --- lipopolysaccharide --- cytokines --- cytomegalovirus --- angiogenesis --- adipose derived mesenchymal cells --- Histogel --- 3D cell culture --- spheroid culture --- biomaterials --- phenotype --- secretory potential --- ankylosing spondylitis --- systemic lupus erythematosus --- systemic sclerosis --- mesenchymal stromal cells --- breast cancer --- tumor microenvironment --- perineural invasion --- adipose derived stem cells --- valproic acid --- protein interactions --- MAPK pathway --- JAK/STAT pathway --- mesenchymal stromal cell --- tissue of origin --- prolonged culture --- epigenetic memory --- tracking --- bio imaging --- bioluminescence --- qRT-PCR --- Ataxia telangiectasia --- Atm --- n/a
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