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This open-access textbook's significant contribution is the unified derivation of data-assimilation techniques from a common fundamental and optimal starting point, namely Bayes' theorem. Unique for this book is the "top-down" derivation of the assimilation methods. It starts from Bayes theorem and gradually introduces the assumptions and approximations needed to arrive at today's popular data-assimilation methods. This strategy is the opposite of most textbooks and reviews on data assimilation that typically take a bottom-up approach to derive a particular assimilation method. E.g., the derivation of the Kalman Filter from control theory and the derivation of the ensemble Kalman Filter as a low-rank approximation of the standard Kalman Filter. The bottom-up approach derives the assimilation methods from different mathematical principles, making it difficult to compare them. Thus, it is unclear which assumptions are made to derive an assimilation method and sometimes even which problem it aspires to solve. The book's top-down approach allows categorizing data-assimilation methods based on the approximations used. This approach enables the user to choose the most suitable method for a particular problem or application. Have you ever wondered about the difference between the ensemble 4DVar and the "ensemble randomized likelihood" (EnRML) methods? Do you know the differences between the ensemble smoother and the ensemble-Kalman smoother? Would you like to understand how a particle flow is related to a particle filter? In this book, we will provide clear answers to several such questions. The book provides the basis for an advanced course in data assimilation. It focuses on the unified derivation of the methods and illustrates their properties on multiple examples. It is suitable for graduate students, post-docs, scientists, and practitioners working in data assimilation.

Earth sciences --- Probability & statistics --- Bayesian inference --- Data Assimilation --- Parameter Estimation --- Ensemble Kalman Filter --- 4DVar --- Representer Method --- Ensemble Methods --- Particle Filter --- Particle Flow

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Climate change and land use transformations have induced an increased flood risk worldwide. These phenomena are dramatically impacting ordinary life and the economy. Research and technology offer a new strategy to quantify and predict such phenomena and also mitigate the impact of flooding. In particular, the growing computational power is offering new strategies for a more detailed description of the flooding over large scales. This book offers an overview of the most recent outcomes of the research on this argument.

climate change --- flood hazards --- high-resolution AGCM --- inundation analysis --- Lower Mekong river basin --- data assimilation --- ensemble Kalman filter --- flood inundation maps --- National Water Model (NWM) --- countermeasures --- flood impacts --- Metro Colombo canal system --- Colombo city, Sri Lanka --- urban floods --- near real-time --- Mekong Basin --- hydro-economic --- socioeconomic --- damage assessment --- hydroinformatics --- EU Floods Directive --- flood risk management --- extreme rainfall --- SCS-CN --- 2D hydraulic modelling --- HEC-RAS --- building representation --- ungauged streams --- uncertainty --- IDF curves --- Bayesian analysis --- Non-Stationary process --- open-access remotely sensed data --- flood mapping and modelling --- altimetry --- synthetic aperture radar --- optical satellite --- Digital Elevation Model (DEM) --- and transboundary floods --- flood --- remote sensing --- data integration --- RST-FLOOD --- MODIS --- VIIRS --- optical data --- flood mapping --- flood monitoring --- floodplains --- rivers dynamics --- DEM-based methods --- geomorphology --- data scarce environments --- DTM --- terrain analysis --- hydraulic geometry --- large scale --- 2D hydraulic modeling --- scaling in hydrology

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This book is a compilation of works covering applied mathematical methods and their applications in complex engineering problems. The methods covered in this book include modeling and simulation, computation, analysis, control, optimization, data science, and machine learning. The engineering application topics include but are not limited to environmental engineering, cybersecurity, transportation, agriculture, smart grid, and next-generation manufacturing.

History of engineering & technology --- Phoronomics --- mechanics --- kinetics --- kinematics --- direction cosines --- Euler angles --- space dynamics --- digital computation --- control systems --- control engineering --- industrial cyber-physical systems --- cyber-attacks --- neural network --- model predictive control --- nonlinear chemical processes --- network classification --- network evolution --- network symmetries --- Green’s symmetry problem --- network invariants --- network internal dynamics --- symmetry ensembles --- propensities --- energy --- opening capability --- security --- smart grid --- group signature --- anonymous signature --- autonomous vehicle --- target detection --- multi-sensors --- fusion --- YOLO --- linear response eigenvalue problem --- block methods --- weighted Golub-Kahan-Lanczos algorithm --- convergence analysis --- thick restart --- mining vibrating screen --- theoretical rigid body model --- spring failures diagnosis --- amplitudes change --- real-time optimization --- nonlinear processes --- process control --- chemical reactor control --- distillation column control --- energy-based control --- payload swing attenuation --- linear matrix inequalities --- quadrotor --- larger Lipschitz constants --- comparative advantage --- transaction cost --- specialized production --- infra-marginal model --- agricultural division of labor --- velocity-slip --- temperature-jump --- homotopy analysis method --- nanofluids --- power-law fluids --- state estimation --- parameter estimation --- moving horizon estimation --- extended kalman filter --- ensemble kalman filter --- richards equation --- agro-hydrological systems --- economic model predictive control --- chemical processes --- responsive control --- artificial intelligence --- interpretability --- controller verification --- seashore soft soil --- cement --- sulfuric acid erosion --- stress–strain behavior --- mathematical model --- Micro Grid --- optimization theory --- optimization --- MATLAB simulation

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• Reference Manager
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This book is a compilation of works covering applied mathematical methods and their applications in complex engineering problems. The methods covered in this book include modeling and simulation, computation, analysis, control, optimization, data science, and machine learning. The engineering application topics include but are not limited to environmental engineering, cybersecurity, transportation, agriculture, smart grid, and next-generation manufacturing.

History of engineering & technology --- Phoronomics --- mechanics --- kinetics --- kinematics --- direction cosines --- Euler angles --- space dynamics --- digital computation --- control systems --- control engineering --- industrial cyber-physical systems --- cyber-attacks --- neural network --- model predictive control --- nonlinear chemical processes --- network classification --- network evolution --- network symmetries --- Green’s symmetry problem --- network invariants --- network internal dynamics --- symmetry ensembles --- propensities --- energy --- opening capability --- security --- smart grid --- group signature --- anonymous signature --- autonomous vehicle --- target detection --- multi-sensors --- fusion --- YOLO --- linear response eigenvalue problem --- block methods --- weighted Golub-Kahan-Lanczos algorithm --- convergence analysis --- thick restart --- mining vibrating screen --- theoretical rigid body model --- spring failures diagnosis --- amplitudes change --- real-time optimization --- nonlinear processes --- process control --- chemical reactor control --- distillation column control --- energy-based control --- payload swing attenuation --- linear matrix inequalities --- quadrotor --- larger Lipschitz constants --- comparative advantage --- transaction cost --- specialized production --- infra-marginal model --- agricultural division of labor --- velocity-slip --- temperature-jump --- homotopy analysis method --- nanofluids --- power-law fluids --- state estimation --- parameter estimation --- moving horizon estimation --- extended kalman filter --- ensemble kalman filter --- richards equation --- agro-hydrological systems --- economic model predictive control --- chemical processes --- responsive control --- artificial intelligence --- interpretability --- controller verification --- seashore soft soil --- cement --- sulfuric acid erosion --- stress–strain behavior --- mathematical model --- Micro Grid --- optimization theory --- optimization --- MATLAB simulation