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Cancer care delivery refers to the multiple layers of the health care system that interact to affect outcomes for patients with cancer and the quality of that care. The factors included in the care delivery system that potentially alter outcomes include social dynamics, financing systems, organizational structures and processes, health technologies, provider and individual behaviors. Because women’s health care has its own unique challenges, the intersection between cancer care delivery and women’s health is to be examined in this Frontiers in Oncology issue. The unique opportunities and challenges of improving the health care system for women with breast and gynecologic cancers are to be explored in depth. We will visit many topics of cancer care delivery with the unique perspective geared towards the care of women’s malignancies.

survivorship --- health care delivery --- cancer prevention --- ovarian cancer --- endometrial cancer --- gynecologic cancer --- breast cancer --- cervical cancer

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This book—entitled “Mechanisms and Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Gynecologic Cancer”—was edited as a Special Issue of Biomedicines, focusing on basic research such as genomics, epigenomics, and proteomics, as well as clinical research in the field of gynecologic oncology. The number of patients with gynecological cancer has been increasing worldwide due to its high lethality and lack of early detection tools and effective therapeutic interventions. In this regard, basic research on its pathophysiology and novel molecular targeting intervention is required to improve the prognosis of gynecologic cancer. This book contains 13 papers, including 8 original research papers and 5 reviews focusing on the basic research of gynecologic oncology. The reader can learn about state-of-the-art research and obtain extensive knowledge of the current advances in the field of gynecologic oncology. It is my hope that this book contributes towards the progress of gynecologic oncology.

Public health & preventive medicine --- nucleus accumbens-associated protein 1 (NAC1) --- BEN (BANP, E5R and NAC1) domain --- sequence-specific DNA-binding protein --- solution NMR structure --- isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) --- human cytomegalovirus --- ovarian cancer --- cancer progression --- inflammation --- immunosuppression --- endometrial carcinoma --- immune micro-environment --- immune checkpoints inhibitors --- microsatellite instability --- mismatch repair deficiency --- platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH --- PLA2G7) --- BRCA1 mutant ovarian cancer --- Wnt signaling --- pGSK3β --- β-catenin --- prognosis --- vulvar melanoma --- vaginal melanoma --- targeted therapy --- gynecological cancer --- melanoma treatment --- gene ontology --- epithelial ovarian cancers --- borderline ovarian tumors --- differentially expressed genes --- aryl hydrocarbon receptor --- epithelial-mesenchymal transition --- integrative analysis --- testin --- p16 protein --- cervical cancer --- cervical neoplasia --- immunohistochemistry --- chimeric antigen receptor --- CD44 --- adoptive immunotherapy --- NK cells --- epithelial ovarian cancer --- DNA damage response --- somatic mutation --- clear cell carcinoma --- endometrioid endometrial cancer --- DNA mismatch repair (MMR) --- MMR deficient (dMMR) --- long-term survival --- exosome --- miRNA --- biomarkers --- liquid biopsy --- interventional radiotherapy --- vaginal-cuff brachytherapy --- HDR brachytherapy --- in vivo dosimetry --- endometrial cancer --- biological planning --- drug repurposing --- non-coding RNAs --- nanocarriers --- anti-angiogenic therapy

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This book—entitled “Mechanisms and Novel Therapeutic Approaches for Gynecologic Cancer”—was edited as a Special Issue of Biomedicines, focusing on basic research such as genomics, epigenomics, and proteomics, as well as clinical research in the field of gynecologic oncology. The number of patients with gynecological cancer has been increasing worldwide due to its high lethality and lack of early detection tools and effective therapeutic interventions. In this regard, basic research on its pathophysiology and novel molecular targeting intervention is required to improve the prognosis of gynecologic cancer. This book contains 13 papers, including 8 original research papers and 5 reviews focusing on the basic research of gynecologic oncology. The reader can learn about state-of-the-art research and obtain extensive knowledge of the current advances in the field of gynecologic oncology. It is my hope that this book contributes towards the progress of gynecologic oncology.

Public health & preventive medicine --- nucleus accumbens-associated protein 1 (NAC1) --- BEN (BANP, E5R and NAC1) domain --- sequence-specific DNA-binding protein --- solution NMR structure --- isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) --- human cytomegalovirus --- ovarian cancer --- cancer progression --- inflammation --- immunosuppression --- endometrial carcinoma --- immune micro-environment --- immune checkpoints inhibitors --- microsatellite instability --- mismatch repair deficiency --- platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH --- PLA2G7) --- BRCA1 mutant ovarian cancer --- Wnt signaling --- pGSK3β --- β-catenin --- prognosis --- vulvar melanoma --- vaginal melanoma --- targeted therapy --- gynecological cancer --- melanoma treatment --- gene ontology --- epithelial ovarian cancers --- borderline ovarian tumors --- differentially expressed genes --- aryl hydrocarbon receptor --- epithelial–mesenchymal transition --- integrative analysis --- testin --- p16 protein --- cervical cancer --- cervical neoplasia --- immunohistochemistry --- chimeric antigen receptor --- CD44 --- adoptive immunotherapy --- NK cells --- epithelial ovarian cancer --- DNA damage response --- somatic mutation --- clear cell carcinoma --- endometrioid endometrial cancer --- DNA mismatch repair (MMR) --- MMR deficient (dMMR) --- long-term survival --- exosome --- miRNA --- biomarkers --- liquid biopsy --- interventional radiotherapy --- vaginal-cuff brachytherapy --- HDR brachytherapy --- in vivo dosimetry --- endometrial cancer --- biological planning --- drug repurposing --- non-coding RNAs --- nanocarriers --- anti-angiogenic therapy --- n/a --- epithelial-mesenchymal transition

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MicroRNAs (miRs) are small noncoding RNAs that function as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression and have important roles in almost all biological pathways. Deregulated miR expression has been detected in numerous cancers, where miRs act as both oncogene and tumor suppressors. Due to their important roles in tumorigenesis, miRs have been investigated as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers and as useful targets for therapeutic intervention. From a therapeutic point of view, two modalities can serve to rectify gene networks in cancer cells. For oncomiRs, a rational means is downregulation through antagomirs. Moreover, observations of the pathological reductions in tumor-suppressive miRs have inspired the concept of “miR replacement therapy” to enhance the amount of these miRs, thereby restoring them to normal levels. However, the clinical applicability of miR-based therapies is severely limited by the lack of effective delivery systems. Therefore, to understand the role of this new class of regulators, we need to identify the mRNA targets regulated by individual miRs as well as to develop specific, efficient, and safe delivery systems for therapeutic miRs.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Breast cancer --- Hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) --- MicroRNA (miRNA) --- miR526b --- miR655 --- Oxidative stress --- Migration --- Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) --- Prostaglandin E2 receptor 4 (EP4) --- PI3K/Akt --- adipokines --- endometrial cancer --- estrogens --- hyperinsulinemia --- insulin --- insulin resistance --- insulin signaling --- insulin-like growth factors --- microRNA --- miRNA --- ovarian cancer --- survival --- prognostic factor --- serum LDH --- blood biomarker --- circulating microRNA --- plasma --- immunotherapy --- immune checkpoint inhibitors --- metastatic melanoma --- hepatocellular carcinoma --- metastasis --- exosome --- bioinformatics analysis --- renal cancer --- RCC --- ccRCC --- meta-analysis --- miRNAs --- normal B-cell development --- B-CLL --- miRNA-transcription factor network --- regulation --- biomarker --- therapy --- prognosis --- diagnosis --- progression --- prediction --- smoking --- non-small cell lung cancer --- methylation --- miR-584-5p --- YKT6 --- snoRNA --- 2′-O-methylation --- pseudouridylation --- malignant melanoma --- cancer stem cell --- stemness --- head and neck squamous cell carcinoma --- colon cancer --- cancer stem cells --- microRNAs --- deformability --- PARP --- replication stress --- targeted therapy --- breast cancer --- circulating biomarkers --- medulloblastoma --- brain tumour --- subgroups --- stem cells --- n/a --- 2'-O-methylation

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MicroRNAs (miRs) are small noncoding RNAs that function as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression and have important roles in almost all biological pathways. Deregulated miR expression has been detected in numerous cancers, where miRs act as both oncogene and tumor suppressors. Due to their important roles in tumorigenesis, miRs have been investigated as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers and as useful targets for therapeutic intervention. From a therapeutic point of view, two modalities can serve to rectify gene networks in cancer cells. For oncomiRs, a rational means is downregulation through antagomirs. Moreover, observations of the pathological reductions in tumor-suppressive miRs have inspired the concept of “miR replacement therapy” to enhance the amount of these miRs, thereby restoring them to normal levels. However, the clinical applicability of miR-based therapies is severely limited by the lack of effective delivery systems. Therefore, to understand the role of this new class of regulators, we need to identify the mRNA targets regulated by individual miRs as well as to develop specific, efficient, and safe delivery systems for therapeutic miRs.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Breast cancer --- Hypoxia inducible factor 1-alpha (HIF-1α) --- MicroRNA (miRNA) --- miR526b --- miR655 --- Oxidative stress --- Migration --- Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) --- Prostaglandin E2 receptor 4 (EP4) --- PI3K/Akt --- adipokines --- endometrial cancer --- estrogens --- hyperinsulinemia --- insulin --- insulin resistance --- insulin signaling --- insulin-like growth factors --- microRNA --- miRNA --- ovarian cancer --- survival --- prognostic factor --- serum LDH --- blood biomarker --- circulating microRNA --- plasma --- immunotherapy --- immune checkpoint inhibitors --- metastatic melanoma --- hepatocellular carcinoma --- metastasis --- exosome --- bioinformatics analysis --- renal cancer --- RCC --- ccRCC --- meta-analysis --- miRNAs --- normal B-cell development --- B-CLL --- miRNA-transcription factor network --- regulation --- biomarker --- therapy --- prognosis --- diagnosis --- progression --- prediction --- smoking --- non-small cell lung cancer --- methylation --- miR-584-5p --- YKT6 --- snoRNA --- 2'-O-methylation --- pseudouridylation --- malignant melanoma --- cancer stem cell --- stemness --- head and neck squamous cell carcinoma --- colon cancer --- cancer stem cells --- microRNAs --- deformability --- PARP --- replication stress --- targeted therapy --- breast cancer --- circulating biomarkers --- medulloblastoma --- brain tumour --- subgroups --- stem cells