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Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry --- Biomolecules --- Analysis
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Inborn errors of metabolism are a group of rare autosomic recessive diseases. Collectively considered, they affect a great number of individuals. Robert Guthrie initiated their screening in the sixties, in order to reduce the morbidity and mortality they induce. Tandem mass spectrometry was introduced in this field in 1990 with the analysis of amino acids’ and acylcarnitines’ profiles. It has revolutionized newborn screening, allowing the automated detection of more than 20 deficiencies simultaneously from the same dry blood sample collected on Guthrie’s card. As mass spectrometry performances improve, the number of screened diseases increases.
The selection of diseases to include in a systematic screening program is based on the 10 criteria established in 1968 by Wilson and Jungner. Treatment improvement contributes to increase the number of diseases to screen. As a consequence, several questions arise and influence the decision taken on whether to include or not a disease in a systematic neonatal screening program. False positive rates, treatment cost, mild to moderate form detection, long term improvement of treated patients’ health / life, psychosocial consequences, and ethical questions are additional criteria to take into account and limitations to the number of diseases for which neonatal screening is justified. Recent cohort studies show a better outcome at 6 years for patients submitted to neonatal screening by MS/MS than for unscreened patients Les erreurs innées du métabolisme regroupent un ensemble de maladies héréditaires rares à transmission autosomique récessive. Considérées collectivement, ces troubles affectent un grand nombre d’individus. Leur dépistage a été initié dans les années 1960 par Robert Guthrie, avec pour but de réduire la morbidité et la mortalité qui leur sont associées. La spectrométrie de masse en tandem a fait son apparition dans le dépistage néonatal en 1990 avec l’analyse des acides aminés et des acylcarnitines. Elle a révolutionné le dépistage de ces troubles, en permettant de détecter simultanément, de façon automatisée, plusieurs dizaines de maladies à partir du même échantillon de sang collecté sur papier buvard. L’analyse des profils des acides aminés et des acylcarnitines permet de dépister des troubles de la b-oxydation, du cycle de l’urée, ainsi que du métabolisme des acides aminés. Le nombre de maladies dépistables par cette technique est en constante augmentation, suite à l’amélioration de ses performances.
La sélection des maladies pour lesquelles un dépistage néonatal se justifie repose sur les 10 critères élaborés en 1968 par Wilson et Jungner. L’évolution des traitements rend de plus en plus de maladies éligibles au dépistage systématique. L’extension de ces possibilités soulève de nombreuses questions intervenant dans le choix des maladies à inclure dans les programmes nationaux de dépistage systématique. Le taux de faux-positifs, le coût des traitements, le dépistage de formes bénignes ou modérées, l’évolution à long terme des patients traités, les conséquences psychosociales et les questions d’éthique sont autant de critères à prendre en compte et de limites au nombre de maladies pour lesquelles un dépistage néonatal systématique se justifie. Cependant, des études de cohorte récemment menées montrent une évolution à 6 ans plus favorable pour les enfants soumis au dépistage par spectrométrie de masse en tandem que pour ceux non dépistés
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Comprehensive, up-to-date coverage of a revolutionary technique Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) has completely changed the way physicists, chemists, and biologists view the study of large molecules. The technique derives detailed information about molecular weights and structures from extremely small sample quantities. ESI-MS can create highly charged forms of very high molecular weight compounds, it is naturally compatible with many types of separation techniques, and it allows noncovalent interactions between molecules in solution to be preserved in the gas phase. But many researchers may not use the technique to its full potential because they are unfamiliar with the different perspectives of its underlying processes, the varied approaches to implementation, and the wide-ranging utility of the technique.In this book, Richard B. Cole and an assemblage of leading researchers present a single-volume compilation of different approaches to the understanding and exploitation of ESI-MS. This comprehensive guide:* Examines the physical and chemical aspects of the electrospray process and describes the events involved in ion formation as well as the electro-chemical phenomena that are central to charged droplet formation during the process* Explores the coupling of electrospray ionization to various mass spectrometers, including quadrupole, magnetic, time-of-flight, quadrupole ion trap, and Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance instruments* Describes recent progress in interfacing ESI with solution-based separation techniques, including liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis* Charts the rapid development of ESI applications and categorizes them by compound type: peptides and proteins, nucleic acids and their constituents, carbohydrates and lipids, small molecules related to pharmacology and drug metabolism, and organometallics and inorganic compoundsElectrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry is the indispensable handbook and refer
Spectrometric and optical chemical analysis --- fysicochemie --- Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. --- Biomolecules --- Analysis. --- 543.51 --- -Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry --- #WSCH:MACC --- ESIMS (Spectrum analysis) --- Ionization mass spectrometry, Electrospray --- Mass spectrometry --- Biological molecules --- Molecules --- Molecular biology --- Positive ray analysis. Mass spectrometry --- Analysis --- Basic Sciences. Chemistry --- Biochemistry --- Proteins and Enzymes --- Proteins and Enzymes. --- 543.51 Positive ray analysis. Mass spectrometry --- Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry --- Biomolecules - Analysis
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Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry --- Spectrum Analysis, Mass. --- Biomolecules --- Chromatography, Liquid. --- Analysis --- Mass spectrometry --- Congresses --- Ionization --- Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry - Congresses. --- Biomolecules - Analysis - Congresses. --- Ionization. Congresses --- Mass spectrometry. Congresses --- Biomolecules. Analysis. Congresses --- Spectrum Analysis, Mass --- Chromatography, Liquid
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The development of solid state gas sensors based on microtransducers and nanostructured sensing materials is the key point in the design of portable measurement systems able to reach sensing and identification performance comparable with analytical ones. In such a context several efforts must be spent of course in the development of the sensing material, but also in the choice of the transducer mechanism and its structure, in the electrical characterization of the performance and in the design of suitable measurement setups. This call for papers invites researchers worldwide to report about their novel results on the most recent advances and overview in design and measurements for applications in gas sensors, along with their relevant features and technological aspects. Original research papers are welcome (but not limited) on all aspects that focus on the most recent advances in: (i) basic principles and modeling of gas and VOCs sensors; (ii) new gas sensor principles and technologies; (iii) Characterization and measurements methodologies; (iv) transduction and sampling systems; (vi) package optimization; (vi) gas sensor based systems and applications.
indium oxide --- n/a --- environmental monitoring --- semiconductor --- gas sensor --- packed gas chromatographic column --- ultrathin carbon layer --- metal-oxide-semiconductor array sensor --- halitosis --- laser ablation --- capacitive micromachined ultrasonic transducers (CMUT) --- LTCC side via --- MEMS --- indirect packaging --- gas sensing --- efficiency --- bad breath --- electrospray --- array optimization --- low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) --- electronic nose --- UV irradiation --- core/shell nanostructure --- combinatorial and high-throughput technique --- sensitive material --- hydrogen sulfide --- CO detection --- ZnO --- amperometric
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Recent advances in large-scale DNA sequencing technology have made it possible to sequence the entire genome of an organism. Attention is now turning to the analysis of the product of the genome, the proteome, which is the set of proteins being expressed by a cell. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis can be used to create cellular protein maps which give a quantitative and qualitative picture of the proteome. Mass spectrometry is the method of choice for the rapid large-scale idenfification of these proteomes and their modifications. An understanding of these methods is critical for scientists in the "Post-Genome" era.
Proteins --- Analysis --- Cancer research. --- Cell biology. --- Human Genetics. --- Cancer Research. --- Spectrometric and optical chemical analysis --- fysicochemie --- Analytical biochemistry --- Mass spectrometry. --- Analysis. --- Proteomics. --- Human genetics. --- Biotechnology. --- Molecular biology. --- Cell Biology. --- Molecular Medicine. --- Cancer research --- Molecular biochemistry --- Molecular biophysics --- Biochemistry --- Biophysics --- Biomolecules --- Systems biology --- Chemical engineering --- Genetic engineering --- Genetics --- Heredity, Human --- Human biology --- Physical anthropology --- Cell biology --- Cellular biology --- Biology --- Cells --- Molecular biology --- Proteins - Analysis --- PROTEOME --- QUADRUPOLE MASS SPECTROMETRY --- ION TRAP MASS SPECTROMETRY --- ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY --- TIME-OF-FLIGHT MASS SPECTROMETRY --- LASER DESORPTION MASS SPECTROMETRY --- MATRIX-ASSISTED LASER DESORPTION IONIZATION MASS SPECTROMETRY --- PROTEINS --- PEPTIDES --- TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY --- ANALYSIS
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Beauty masks, diapers, wound dressings, wipes, protective clothes and biomedical products: all these high-value and/or large-volume products must be highly compatible with human skin and they should have specific functional properties, such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. They are currently partially or totally produced using fossil-based sources, with evident issues linked to their end of life, as their waste generates an increasing environmental concern. On the contrary, biopolymers and active biomolecules from biobased sources could be used to produce new materials that are highly compatible with the skin and also biodegradable. The final products can be obtained by exploiting safe and smart nanotechnologies such as the extrusion of bionanocomposites and electrospinning/electrospray, as well as innovative surface modification and control methodologies. For all these reasons, recently, many researchers, such as those involved in the European POLYBIOSKIN project activities, have been working in the field of biomaterials with anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, as well as biobased materials which are renewable and biodegradable. The present book gathered research and review papers dedicated to materials and technologies for high-performance products where the attention paid to health and environmental impact is efficiently integrated, considering both the skin-compatibility of the selected materials and their source/end of life.
Research & information: general --- pullulan --- biopolymers --- exopolysaccharides --- biodegradation --- biocompatibility --- poly(lactic acid) --- poly(butylene succinate) --- chitin nanofibrils --- starch --- skin compatibility --- anti-microbial --- poly(hydroxyalkanoate) --- biopolyesters --- beauty masks --- releasing --- skin compatible --- polyhydroxyalkanotes --- sugarcane molasses --- antibacterial materials --- essential oils --- coating --- poly(lactide) --- chitin–lignin nanocomplex --- grafting from --- lactide oligomers --- platelet-rich fibrin --- wound healing --- skin wounds --- wound dressing --- hyperspectral imaging --- principal component analysis --- spectroscopy --- chitosan --- partial least squares regression --- nir --- actives substances --- cn-nl/ga --- skin --- antifouling --- antimicrobial --- antiviral --- electrospinning --- breast implant --- ear prosthesis --- biomedical device --- chronic wound --- biopolymer --- bio-based --- surface modification --- nanolignin --- electrospray --- anti-inflammatory --- blends --- PLA --- PHBV --- nanocomposite --- tissue engineering --- biodegradable --- nanofiber --- n/a --- chitin-lignin nanocomplex
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Beauty masks, diapers, wound dressings, wipes, protective clothes and biomedical products: all these high-value and/or large-volume products must be highly compatible with human skin and they should have specific functional properties, such as anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. They are currently partially or totally produced using fossil-based sources, with evident issues linked to their end of life, as their waste generates an increasing environmental concern. On the contrary, biopolymers and active biomolecules from biobased sources could be used to produce new materials that are highly compatible with the skin and also biodegradable. The final products can be obtained by exploiting safe and smart nanotechnologies such as the extrusion of bionanocomposites and electrospinning/electrospray, as well as innovative surface modification and control methodologies. For all these reasons, recently, many researchers, such as those involved in the European POLYBIOSKIN project activities, have been working in the field of biomaterials with anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties, as well as biobased materials which are renewable and biodegradable. The present book gathered research and review papers dedicated to materials and technologies for high-performance products where the attention paid to health and environmental impact is efficiently integrated, considering both the skin-compatibility of the selected materials and their source/end of life.
pullulan --- biopolymers --- exopolysaccharides --- biodegradation --- biocompatibility --- poly(lactic acid) --- poly(butylene succinate) --- chitin nanofibrils --- starch --- skin compatibility --- anti-microbial --- poly(hydroxyalkanoate) --- biopolyesters --- beauty masks --- releasing --- skin compatible --- polyhydroxyalkanotes --- sugarcane molasses --- antibacterial materials --- essential oils --- coating --- poly(lactide) --- chitin–lignin nanocomplex --- grafting from --- lactide oligomers --- platelet-rich fibrin --- wound healing --- skin wounds --- wound dressing --- hyperspectral imaging --- principal component analysis --- spectroscopy --- chitosan --- partial least squares regression --- nir --- actives substances --- cn-nl/ga --- skin --- antifouling --- antimicrobial --- antiviral --- electrospinning --- breast implant --- ear prosthesis --- biomedical device --- chronic wound --- biopolymer --- bio-based --- surface modification --- nanolignin --- electrospray --- anti-inflammatory --- blends --- PLA --- PHBV --- nanocomposite --- tissue engineering --- biodegradable --- nanofiber --- n/a --- chitin-lignin nanocomplex
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