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Book
Enhanced electrochemical advanced oxidation processes for wastewater sludge stabilization and reuse
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ISBN: 1634820908 9781634820905 9781634820899 1634820894 Year: 2015 Publisher: New York

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The growing quantities of waste sludge generated in municipal and industrial wastewater treatment plants containing various organics and other contaminants require novel treatment technologies that are capable of achieving significant removal efficiencies and producing reusable sludge products. As a response, a large variety of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have been investigated to remove the present contaminants from wastewaters and limited cases of waste sludge. Multidisciplinary researches have been carried out accordingly. In this regard, electrochemical advanced oxidation processes


Book
Synthesis, Chracterization and Applications of Coated Composite Materials for Energy Applications
Authors: ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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The formulation of coated composite materials is an important field of research around the world today. Coated composite materials include inhomogeneous and anisotropic materials. These materials are formulated by an amalgamate minimum of two or more materials that accommodate different properties. These materials have a vast field of appealing applications that encourage scientists to work on them. Due to their unique properties, such as their strength, liability, swiftness, and low cost, they are used as promising candidates for reliable applications in various fields, such as biomedical, engineering, energy devices, wastewater treatment, and agriculture. Different types of composite materials have had a noticeable impact in these fields already, such as glass, plastic, and, most promisingly, metal oxide nanoparticles.


Book
Synthesis, Chracterization and Applications of Coated Composite Materials for Energy Applications
Authors: ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

The formulation of coated composite materials is an important field of research around the world today. Coated composite materials include inhomogeneous and anisotropic materials. These materials are formulated by an amalgamate minimum of two or more materials that accommodate different properties. These materials have a vast field of appealing applications that encourage scientists to work on them. Due to their unique properties, such as their strength, liability, swiftness, and low cost, they are used as promising candidates for reliable applications in various fields, such as biomedical, engineering, energy devices, wastewater treatment, and agriculture. Different types of composite materials have had a noticeable impact in these fields already, such as glass, plastic, and, most promisingly, metal oxide nanoparticles.

Keywords

Technology: general issues --- 6H-SiC --- Cu-Sn alloy --- ion implantation --- wettability --- interface --- nanoparticles --- dyes --- catalysis --- reduction --- glass/Kevlar --- hybrid composites --- hand layup --- epoxy --- hardener --- tensile --- hardness shore D --- water absorption --- density --- peel --- ratio --- Al2O3-Cr2O3 composite --- consolidation behavior --- microstructure --- mechanical properties --- thermal shock resistance --- ammonia electro-oxidation --- cyclic voltammetry --- electrochemical surface area (ECSA) --- electrocatalysts --- nanocomposites --- infrared detector --- resonant cavity --- energy applications --- absorptance --- Ce–Cu oxide --- co-precipitation --- photocatalyst --- dye degradation --- CuO/γ-Al2O3 --- ammonia electro-oxidation (AEO) --- nanocomposite structure --- XRD --- photoluminescence --- rare earth element REE --- heterogeneous catalysis --- perovskite --- CH3NH3PbI3 --- solar cells --- polysilane --- decaphenylcyclopentasilane --- stability --- chlorobenzene --- calculation --- Raman scattering --- lead-free --- NBT–BMN --- weight loss --- dielectric --- piezoelectric ceramics --- bimetallic nanoparticles --- kinetics --- antioxidant studies --- catalytic activity --- 6H-SiC --- Cu-Sn alloy --- ion implantation --- wettability --- interface --- nanoparticles --- dyes --- catalysis --- reduction --- glass/Kevlar --- hybrid composites --- hand layup --- epoxy --- hardener --- tensile --- hardness shore D --- water absorption --- density --- peel --- ratio --- Al2O3-Cr2O3 composite --- consolidation behavior --- microstructure --- mechanical properties --- thermal shock resistance --- ammonia electro-oxidation --- cyclic voltammetry --- electrochemical surface area (ECSA) --- electrocatalysts --- nanocomposites --- infrared detector --- resonant cavity --- energy applications --- absorptance --- Ce–Cu oxide --- co-precipitation --- photocatalyst --- dye degradation --- CuO/γ-Al2O3 --- ammonia electro-oxidation (AEO) --- nanocomposite structure --- XRD --- photoluminescence --- rare earth element REE --- heterogeneous catalysis --- perovskite --- CH3NH3PbI3 --- solar cells --- polysilane --- decaphenylcyclopentasilane --- stability --- chlorobenzene --- calculation --- Raman scattering --- lead-free --- NBT–BMN --- weight loss --- dielectric --- piezoelectric ceramics --- bimetallic nanoparticles --- kinetics --- antioxidant studies --- catalytic activity


Book
Synthesis, Chracterization and Applications of Coated Composite Materials for Energy Applications
Authors: ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

The formulation of coated composite materials is an important field of research around the world today. Coated composite materials include inhomogeneous and anisotropic materials. These materials are formulated by an amalgamate minimum of two or more materials that accommodate different properties. These materials have a vast field of appealing applications that encourage scientists to work on them. Due to their unique properties, such as their strength, liability, swiftness, and low cost, they are used as promising candidates for reliable applications in various fields, such as biomedical, engineering, energy devices, wastewater treatment, and agriculture. Different types of composite materials have had a noticeable impact in these fields already, such as glass, plastic, and, most promisingly, metal oxide nanoparticles.


Book
Materials and Processes for Photocatalytic and (Photo)Electrocatalytic Removal of Bio-Refractory Pollutants and Emerging Contaminants from Waters
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Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Water pollution from biorefractory pollutants and emerging contaminants is still a very relevant problem worldwide. Examples of these pollutants include disinfection by-products, pharmaceutical and personal care products, persistent organic chemicals, as well as their degradation products. The occurrence of these contaminants in water has raised increasing concern due to their accumulation and persistence in the environment and the threat they pose to the ecological system and human health. In this Special Issue, papers regarding the advancements in materials and processes for use in the electro- and photoelectrochemical removal of different pollutants from water are collected. The synthesis, characterization and application of materials for use in electrochemical or photoelectrochemical techniques are presented, as well as studies concerning catalytic processes and reaction kinetics.

Keywords

Technology: general issues --- Chemical engineering --- Au-TiO2 --- antibiotics --- emergent contaminants --- nanocatalyst --- photocatalysis --- GFN-xTB --- ibuprofen --- advanced oxidation process --- TiO2 --- active glass --- heterojunction --- charge separation --- chlorpyrifos --- photodegradation --- nanoparticles --- gold --- cyclodextrins --- perfluorooctanoic acid --- emerging contaminant --- defluorination --- platinum --- electro-oxidation --- strontium carbonate (SrCO3) --- solvothermal method --- visible light --- diethyl phthalate --- photoelectrochemical degradation --- persistent organic pollutants --- chloride ions --- TiO2 nanotubes --- g-C3N4 --- response surface methodology --- wastewater treatment --- phenol --- crude oil --- sonolysis --- sonophotocatalysis --- FT-ICR/MS --- Kendrick plot --- van Krevelen diagram --- water --- pollution --- remediation --- Au-TiO2 --- antibiotics --- emergent contaminants --- nanocatalyst --- photocatalysis --- GFN-xTB --- ibuprofen --- advanced oxidation process --- TiO2 --- active glass --- heterojunction --- charge separation --- chlorpyrifos --- photodegradation --- nanoparticles --- gold --- cyclodextrins --- perfluorooctanoic acid --- emerging contaminant --- defluorination --- platinum --- electro-oxidation --- strontium carbonate (SrCO3) --- solvothermal method --- visible light --- diethyl phthalate --- photoelectrochemical degradation --- persistent organic pollutants --- chloride ions --- TiO2 nanotubes --- g-C3N4 --- response surface methodology --- wastewater treatment --- phenol --- crude oil --- sonolysis --- sonophotocatalysis --- FT-ICR/MS --- Kendrick plot --- van Krevelen diagram --- water --- pollution --- remediation


Book
Silicon Anodization as a Structuring Technique : Literature Review, Modeling and Experiments
Author:
ISBN: 3658192380 3658192372 Year: 2018 Publisher: Wiesbaden : Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden : Imprint: Springer Vieweg,

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Alexey Ivanov investigates the application of a silicon anodization process as a three-dimensional structuring technique, where silicon is transformed into porous silicon as a sacrificial layer or directly dissolved in electropolishing regime. The work contains a detailed state of the art, experimental studies and modeling of the process for basic shape controlling techniques. Limitations of the developed FEM model with secondary current distribution are discussed. Contents Silicon Anodization: State of the Art Experimental, Characterization and Simulation Methods Microscale Study of Anodization Process Anodization Process as a Structuring Technique: Experiments and Simulation Target Groups Researchers and students of microsystems technology, electrochemistry, microengineering Practitioners in the area of microsystems, silicon processing and electrochemical material processing


Book
Materials and Processes for Photocatalytic and (Photo)Electrocatalytic Removal of Bio-Refractory Pollutants and Emerging Contaminants from Waters
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Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Water pollution from biorefractory pollutants and emerging contaminants is still a very relevant problem worldwide. Examples of these pollutants include disinfection by-products, pharmaceutical and personal care products, persistent organic chemicals, as well as their degradation products. The occurrence of these contaminants in water has raised increasing concern due to their accumulation and persistence in the environment and the threat they pose to the ecological system and human health. In this Special Issue, papers regarding the advancements in materials and processes for use in the electro- and photoelectrochemical removal of different pollutants from water are collected. The synthesis, characterization and application of materials for use in electrochemical or photoelectrochemical techniques are presented, as well as studies concerning catalytic processes and reaction kinetics.


Book
Materials and Processes for Photocatalytic and (Photo)Electrocatalytic Removal of Bio-Refractory Pollutants and Emerging Contaminants from Waters
Author:
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Water pollution from biorefractory pollutants and emerging contaminants is still a very relevant problem worldwide. Examples of these pollutants include disinfection by-products, pharmaceutical and personal care products, persistent organic chemicals, as well as their degradation products. The occurrence of these contaminants in water has raised increasing concern due to their accumulation and persistence in the environment and the threat they pose to the ecological system and human health. In this Special Issue, papers regarding the advancements in materials and processes for use in the electro- and photoelectrochemical removal of different pollutants from water are collected. The synthesis, characterization and application of materials for use in electrochemical or photoelectrochemical techniques are presented, as well as studies concerning catalytic processes and reaction kinetics.


Book
Application of Advanced Oxidation Processes
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2020 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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The increasingly stricter standards for effluent discharge and the decreasing availability of freshwater resources worldwide have made the development of advanced wastewater treatment technologies necessary. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are becoming an attractive alternative and a complementary treatment option to conventional methods. AOPs are used to improve the biodegradability of wastewaters containing non-biodegradable organics. Besides, AOPs may inactivate pathogenic microorganisms without adding additional chemicals to the water during disinfection, avoiding the formation of hazardous by-products. This Special Issue of Processes aims to cover recent progress and novel trends in the field of AOPs, including UV/H2O2, O3, sulphate-radical oxidation, nanotechnology in AOPs, heterogeneous photocatalysis, sonolysis, Fenton, photo-Fenton, electrochemical oxidation, and related oxidation processes. The topics to be addressed in this Special Issue of Processes may also include the application of AOPs at various scales (laboratory, pilot, or industrial scale), the degradation of emerging contaminants in water and wastewater and pollutants in the gas phase, the quantification of toxicicy in residuals, the development of novel catalytic materials and of hybrid processes, including the combination of AOPs with other technologies, process intensification, and the use of photo-electrochemical processes for energy production.

Keywords

History of engineering & technology --- polycyclic musks --- degradation mechanism --- UV/chlorine advanced oxidation process --- water treatment --- UV-LED --- photoreactors --- mining wastewater --- cyanide --- metal removal --- photocatalysis --- TiO2 nanotubes --- emerging contaminants --- paracetamol --- pH --- heating oxidation --- surface/interface properties --- floatability --- induction time --- bubble-particle wrap angle --- cow manure --- chemical activation process --- activated carbon --- pore property --- cationic pollutant --- adsorption performance --- nano zero-valent iron --- borohydride reduction method --- wastewater treatment --- iron nanopowders --- lead ions --- biological processes --- electrochemical processes --- oxidation processes --- petroleum --- phenols --- sulfides --- ethyl violet --- Mn-doped Fe/rGO nanocomposites --- mesoporous materials --- artificial intelligence --- gradient boosted regression trees --- total dissolved nitrogen --- digestion method --- digestion efficiency --- intensification --- ozone --- electrolyzed water --- foodborne pathogens --- sanitization --- advace oxitadion processes (AOP) --- electro-oxidation --- ferrate ion --- BBR dye --- polycyclic musks --- degradation mechanism --- UV/chlorine advanced oxidation process --- water treatment --- UV-LED --- photoreactors --- mining wastewater --- cyanide --- metal removal --- photocatalysis --- TiO2 nanotubes --- emerging contaminants --- paracetamol --- pH --- heating oxidation --- surface/interface properties --- floatability --- induction time --- bubble-particle wrap angle --- cow manure --- chemical activation process --- activated carbon --- pore property --- cationic pollutant --- adsorption performance --- nano zero-valent iron --- borohydride reduction method --- wastewater treatment --- iron nanopowders --- lead ions --- biological processes --- electrochemical processes --- oxidation processes --- petroleum --- phenols --- sulfides --- ethyl violet --- Mn-doped Fe/rGO nanocomposites --- mesoporous materials --- artificial intelligence --- gradient boosted regression trees --- total dissolved nitrogen --- digestion method --- digestion efficiency --- intensification --- ozone --- electrolyzed water --- foodborne pathogens --- sanitization --- advace oxitadion processes (AOP) --- electro-oxidation --- ferrate ion --- BBR dye


Book
Lignocellulosic Biomass
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Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Recently, there has been a growing awareness of the need to make better use of natural resources. Hence, the utilization of biomass has led to so-called biorefinery, consisting of the fractionation or separation of the different components of the lignocellulosic materials in order to achieve a total utilization of the same, and not only of the cellulosic fraction for paper production. The use of plant biomass as a basic raw material implies a shift from an economy based on the exploitation of non-renewable fossil fuels, with limited reserves or with regeneration cycles far below the rates of exploitation, to a bioeconomy based on the use of renewable organic natural resources, with balanced regeneration and extraction cycles. To make this change, profound readjustments in existing technologies are necessary, as well as the application of new approaches in research, development, and production."Biorefinery" is the term used to describe the technology for the fractionation of plant biomass into energy, chemicals, and consumer goods. The future generation of biorefinery will include treatments, leading to high-value-added compounds. The use of green chemistry technologies and principles in biorefineries, such as solvent and reagent recovery and the minimization of effluent and gas emissions, is essential to define an economically and environmentally sustainable process.In particular, the biorefinery of lignocellulosic materials to produce biofuels, chemicals and materials is presented as a solid alternative to the current petrochemical platform and a possible solution to the accumulation of greenhouse gases.

Keywords

Research & information: general --- lignocellulosic biomass --- solid-state fermentation --- enzymatic hydrolysis --- aerated bioreactor --- Aspergillus oryzae --- lignin --- lignocellulose --- aromatics --- biobased --- epoxy --- fatty acid --- biopolymers --- biobased materials --- biorenewable --- bio-based filament --- 3D printing --- sugarcane bagasse pulp --- barley straw --- composite --- flexural strength --- biobased polyethylene --- nanocellulose --- β-cyclodextrin --- cryogels --- films --- biomaterials --- cellulose --- dialdehyde cellulose --- organosilane chemistry --- 29Si NMR --- solid state NMR --- silanization --- lignocellulose valorization --- 'lignin-first' --- reductive catalytic fractionation --- lignocellulose nanofibers --- horticultural residues --- paperboard --- recycling --- biosurfactants --- enzymatic saccharification --- fermentation --- quinoa saponins --- steam-pretreated spruce --- lignocellulosic material --- xylose --- furfural --- iron chloride --- microwave reactor --- biorefinery --- electrosynthesis --- biomass --- carbohydrate --- saccharides --- electro-oxidation --- electroreduction --- residue --- agro-industry --- high-value products --- banana --- torrefaction --- Jerusalem artichoke --- biofuel --- energy crops --- agiculture --- micro-fibrillated cellulose --- formaldehyde adhesives --- wood-based panels --- kraft lignin --- adsorbent material --- copper adsorption --- H2S adsorption --- H2S removal --- lignocellulosic biomass --- solid-state fermentation --- enzymatic hydrolysis --- aerated bioreactor --- Aspergillus oryzae --- lignin --- lignocellulose --- aromatics --- biobased --- epoxy --- fatty acid --- biopolymers --- biobased materials --- biorenewable --- bio-based filament --- 3D printing --- sugarcane bagasse pulp --- barley straw --- composite --- flexural strength --- biobased polyethylene --- nanocellulose --- β-cyclodextrin --- cryogels --- films --- biomaterials --- cellulose --- dialdehyde cellulose --- organosilane chemistry --- 29Si NMR --- solid state NMR --- silanization --- lignocellulose valorization --- 'lignin-first' --- reductive catalytic fractionation --- lignocellulose nanofibers --- horticultural residues --- paperboard --- recycling --- biosurfactants --- enzymatic saccharification --- fermentation --- quinoa saponins --- steam-pretreated spruce --- lignocellulosic material --- xylose --- furfural --- iron chloride --- microwave reactor --- biorefinery --- electrosynthesis --- biomass --- carbohydrate --- saccharides --- electro-oxidation --- electroreduction --- residue --- agro-industry --- high-value products --- banana --- torrefaction --- Jerusalem artichoke --- biofuel --- energy crops --- agiculture --- micro-fibrillated cellulose --- formaldehyde adhesives --- wood-based panels --- kraft lignin --- adsorbent material --- copper adsorption --- H2S adsorption --- H2S removal

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