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Shape memory alloys (SMAs), in comparison with other materials, have the exceptional ability to change their properties, structure, and functionality depending on the thermal, magnetic, and/or stress fields applied. As is well known, in recent decades, the development of SMAs has allowed innovative solutions and alternatives in biomedical applications and advanced engineering structures for aerospace and automotive industries as well as in sensor and actuation systems, among other sectors. Irrespective of this, designing and engineering using these special smart materials requires a solid background in materials science in order to consolidate their importance in these fields and to broaden their relevance for other new applications. The goal of this Special Issue is to foster the dissemination of some of the latest research devoted to these special materials from different perspectives.

Technology: general issues --- shape memory alloys --- cyclic tests --- fatigue test --- energy dissipation --- earthquake engineering --- NiTiNb --- anisotropy --- texture --- SME --- pipe joints --- NiTi --- selective laser melting --- additive manufacturing --- lattice structure --- EBSD --- superelasticity --- metamagnetic shape memory alloys --- structural defects --- magnetocaloric effect --- mechanical damping --- martensitic transitions --- phonon softening --- resonant ultrasound spectroscopy --- laser-ultrasound --- elastic constants --- high-temperature shape memory alloys --- titanium palladium --- titanium platinum --- multi-component alloys --- medium-entropy alloys --- high-entropy alloys --- laser powder bed fusion --- density control --- structure control --- process simulation --- shape memory alloy --- Fe-Mn-Al-Ni --- cyclic heat treatment --- co-based Heusler alloy --- martensitic transformation --- metamagnetic shape memory alloy --- phase diagram --- magnetic-field-induced transition --- intermetallic --- microstructure --- differential scanning calorimetry --- X-ray diffraction --- mechanical testing --- n/a

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Wood-based materials are CO2-neutral, renewable, and considered to be environmentally friendly. The huge variety of wood species and wood-based composites allows a wide scope of creative and esthetic alternatives to materials with higher environmental impacts during production, use and disposal. Quality of wood is influenced by the genetic and environmental factors. One of the emerging uses of wood are building and construction applications. Modern building and construction practices would not be possible without use of wood or wood-based composites. The use of composites enables using wood of lower quality for the production of materials with engineered properties for specific target applications. Even more, the utilization of such reinforcing particles as carbon nanotubes and nanocellulose enables development of a new generation of composites with even better properties. The positive aspect of decomposability of waste wood can turn into the opposite when wood or wood-based materials are exposed to weathering, moisture oscillations, different discolorations, and degrading organisms. Protective measures are therefore unavoidable for many outdoor applications. Resistance of wood against different aging factors is always a combined effect of toxic or inhibiting ingredients on the one hand, and of structural, anatomical, or chemical ways of excluding moisture on the other.

neural network --- Pinus massoniana Lamb. --- intra-ring variation --- relative humidity --- ultimate state --- nondestructive assessment --- machinability --- stiffness --- wood based composites --- bamboo --- poplar seedlings --- thinning --- blue staining fungi --- tropical woods --- compression --- bending stiffness --- wooden windows --- ultrasonic wave velocity measurement --- glued lamella --- three-point bending --- wood properties --- technological and product innovations --- structural changes --- non-destructive testing --- hardwoods --- brittleness --- green larch --- root-collar diameter --- FTIR --- material preference --- cooling tower --- tensile modulus --- strength grading --- immigrants --- weight of a user --- density --- flexible chair --- predictive performance --- heat treatment --- modulus of elasticity --- orthotropic --- acoustic resonance --- building material --- CIEL*a*b* system --- deflection at the modulus of rupture --- marketing --- bamboo grid packing --- fungi --- minimal curve radius --- European hardwoods --- cyclic loading --- chemical composition --- laminated wood --- volume yield --- tensile strength --- artificial weathering --- glulam --- dynamic modulus of elasticity --- colour changes --- modulus of elasticity (MOE) --- coefficient of wood bendability --- urban housing --- Resistance to Impact Milling (RIM) --- nondestructive testing --- Coniophora puteana --- roughness --- brown rot --- wood --- phenol formaldehyde resin --- wood-processing industry performance --- elemental composition --- natural weathering --- longitudinal stress wave velocity --- mechanical properties --- aluminium reinforcements --- chemical changes --- colour change --- High-Energy Multiple Impact (HEMI)–test --- plantation timber --- fiber-managed hardwoods --- cooling packing --- wood mechanical properties --- flexural rigidity --- moisture content --- ultrasonic speed --- color --- elastic constants --- Douglas-fir --- mixed-effects hierarchical linear models --- wood impregnation --- dynamic strength --- microfibril angle --- silviculture --- low quality round wood --- Eucalyptus --- hybrid beams --- end-product-based fiber attribute determinates --- high frequency drying --- infrared spectroscopy --- building culture background --- lumber --- Euler-Bernoulli --- ultrasound --- cell-wall mechanics --- colour --- deflection at the limit of proportionality