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In this paper on the distribution of carabids at high altitudes, the effect of Nature 2000 habitat and landform types in driving ground beetle (Carabidae) distribution at high altitudes in the Western Dolomites (Brenta group, Italy) was studied. Papers studying carabid beetles in forested habitats investigated the effect of different stand composition (pure oak stands, oak–pine mixed stands, single tree admixtures of oak in pine stands, and pure pine stands) on the abundance and spatial distribution of large-sized Carabus species, as well as the effect of forest type (broad-leaved deciduous forests vs. coniferous plantations) on the diversity and community composition of ground beetles; furthermore, the effect of various forest edges (natural vs. anthropogenic edges) on the abundance of ground beetles of different habitat affinity and dispersal power was examined. The paper on predation pressure aimed to explore the predation pressure on carabids using 3D-printed decoys installed in two types of forestry treatments, preparation cuts and clear cuts, and control plots in an oak–hornbeam forest.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Ecological science, the Biosphere --- biodiversity conservation --- temperate forests --- ground beetles --- ecological trait --- anthropogenic edges --- dispersal --- edge effect --- filter function --- forest interior --- forest specialist species --- invasion --- open-habitat species --- natural edges --- spillover --- mixed forests --- Carabidae --- activity density --- body size --- sex ratio --- aggregation index --- spatial effect zones --- Alps --- Dolomites --- geomorphology --- Nature 2000 --- rocky landforms --- species distribution --- 3D printing --- artificial prey --- behavior --- clear cut --- ecological trap --- preparation cut --- sentinel prey method

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Forest-steppes occupy a wide zone between Eurasian closed canopy forests and open steppes and feature a mosaic of woody and herbaceous vegetation. Due to the occurrence of structurally, compositionally, and environmentally strongly different habitats in close proximity, high spatial heterogeneity is one of the key characteristics of forest-steppe ecosystems. This volume presents ten contributions examining forest-steppe heterogeneity and its effects on environmental factors, plant communities, and animals.

Research & information: general --- carbon cycling --- natural stable isotope abundance --- nitrogen cycling --- soil organic matter --- temperate grassland --- drought tolerance --- forest–steppe ecotone --- hydraulic strategy --- hydraulic trait --- interspecific association --- interspecific relationships --- species co-occurrence --- semiarid forests --- duration curve --- forest steppe --- sensor network --- spatio-temporal microclimate pattern --- temperature–humidity data logger --- vapour pressure deficit --- pollen analysis --- forest belt --- forest-steppe ecotone --- position migration --- moisture change --- shrub encroachment --- spatial pattern --- temperate savanna --- ecosystem degradation --- sandy grasslands --- Danube-Tisza Interfluve --- morphotaxonomy --- abundance --- community composition --- decomposition --- Shannon diversity --- ecosystem service --- Geotrupidae --- grassland --- indicator species --- land use --- Scarabaeidae --- species richness --- arthropod predation --- connectivity --- dummy caterpillar --- ecosystem function --- edge effect --- forest-steppe --- fragment size --- kurgan --- landscape-scale --- seed predation --- Festuca vaginata --- Festuca pseudovaginata --- Festuca wagneri --- ecological values --- pedological analysis --- diversity --- forest-steppes --- sandy grassland --- grazing-mowing --- NDVI --- Sentinel-2A

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The world of mites, being exceptionally diverse and rich, may be analysed both in historical and geographical terms. It is commonly known that these tiny, ubiquitous invertebrates are found both in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems; additionally, they are relatively abundant in aeroplankton. The species composition and character of their assemblages vary, and they are different in the polar, temperate and tropical regions. All the above-mentioned factors force scientists to apply a unique approach to research problems and specifically define the aims of their investigations. The Diversity Special Issue on "Biodiversity of Mites" contains complex acarological issues including zoogeographic, ecological and parasitological research conducted in several regions of the world. The results of the presented research concern various taxonomic groups of mites occurring in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. Therefore, they can be an inspiration to search for new research directions and solve contemporary scientific problems.

leaf domatia–mite mutualism --- Coffea arabica --- mite diversity --- edge effect --- South Africa --- Arrenurus --- Lebertia quinquemaculosa --- Lake St. Clair Metropark --- Belle Isle --- Detroit --- phoresy --- mesocosm --- Diptera --- freshwater ecology --- Arctic --- Oribatida --- faunistics --- taxonomic diversity --- distribution --- checklist --- arctic species --- arctic-boreal species --- mites --- Cerambycidae --- natural forest --- Oodinychus --- Trichouropoda --- Monochamus --- Plagionotus --- Tetropium --- oat straw mulch --- barley straw mulch --- biological control --- two-spotted spider mite --- edaphic mites --- lifestyle --- tree related microhabitats --- 18S rRNA --- phylogeny --- ancestral state reconstruction --- sensillus --- Acariformes --- Demodecidae --- Prostigmata --- diversity --- parasites --- Acari --- biogeography --- geographical variability --- Mesostigmata --- neotropical region --- palearctic species --- range of occurrence --- Rotundabaloghia --- species identification --- Uropoda (Phaulodinychus) penicillata --- spring ecology --- crenal diversity --- crenal water mites --- spring morphology --- Astigmata --- Endeostigmata --- climate change --- Svalbard --- COI --- Yucatan Peninsula --- assemblages --- richness --- mesofauna --- prospection --- n/a --- leaf domatia-mite mutualism

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Forest-steppes occupy a wide zone between Eurasian closed canopy forests and open steppes and feature a mosaic of woody and herbaceous vegetation. Due to the occurrence of structurally, compositionally, and environmentally strongly different habitats in close proximity, high spatial heterogeneity is one of the key characteristics of forest-steppe ecosystems. This volume presents ten contributions examining forest-steppe heterogeneity and its effects on environmental factors, plant communities, and animals.

carbon cycling --- natural stable isotope abundance --- nitrogen cycling --- soil organic matter --- temperate grassland --- drought tolerance --- forest–steppe ecotone --- hydraulic strategy --- hydraulic trait --- interspecific association --- interspecific relationships --- species co-occurrence --- semiarid forests --- duration curve --- forest steppe --- sensor network --- spatio-temporal microclimate pattern --- temperature–humidity data logger --- vapour pressure deficit --- pollen analysis --- forest belt --- forest-steppe ecotone --- position migration --- moisture change --- shrub encroachment --- spatial pattern --- temperate savanna --- ecosystem degradation --- sandy grasslands --- Danube-Tisza Interfluve --- morphotaxonomy --- abundance --- community composition --- decomposition --- Shannon diversity --- ecosystem service --- Geotrupidae --- grassland --- indicator species --- land use --- Scarabaeidae --- species richness --- arthropod predation --- connectivity --- dummy caterpillar --- ecosystem function --- edge effect --- forest-steppe --- fragment size --- kurgan --- landscape-scale --- seed predation --- Festuca vaginata --- Festuca pseudovaginata --- Festuca wagneri --- ecological values --- pedological analysis --- diversity --- forest-steppes --- sandy grassland --- grazing-mowing --- NDVI --- Sentinel-2A

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This book collects a series of interdisciplinary contributions about Historical Ecology, Archeology and Biocultural Landscapes focused on the analysis of landscape dynamics during the Long Anthropocene. Through case studies across Europe, the Mediterranean, Asia and America, the volume offers a series of examples of approaches and applications to combine and stimulate an interdisciplinary debate between Natural Science and Humanities for understanding long-term human–environment interaction and historical sustainability.

Language --- site selection --- archaeological sites --- edge effect --- ecological network --- geomantic environment --- historical ecology --- landscape archaeology --- vegetation science --- anthracology --- vegetation series --- Mediterranean woods --- high nature value (HNV) farmlands --- historical landscapes --- early middle ages --- Basque --- Neolithic --- Western Pyrenees --- mountain agropastoralism --- land-use change --- Neoanthropocene raising --- inner land --- environmental protection --- ecodynamics --- Anthropology --- archaeology --- agrarian history --- Iron Age --- hay-meadows --- land reforms --- landscape history --- niche construction --- landscape --- Anthropocene --- Valle dei Templi --- sustainable development --- territorial planning --- cultural heritage --- archaeological heritage --- local development --- Agrigento --- Kolymbethra --- abandonment --- decay within the rural environment --- artefacts --- cultural landscapes --- landscape transformation --- rewilding --- human-environment interaction --- Slovenia --- agrobiodiversity --- ancient trees --- biocultural diversity --- biodiversity --- heritage trees --- long-lived trees --- Olea europaea --- veteran trees --- regions --- history --- ecology --- ancient DNA --- population genetics --- anthropology --- paleobotany --- past vegetation --- potential natural vegetation --- biomes --- methodologies --- historical approach --- multidisciplinarity --- research gaps