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Women's economic empowerment is not a new issue; nevertheless, it continues to challenge governments and development assistance agencies. One of the reasons for this hurdle may well be that gender advocates and growth devotees are speaking different languages when there is a huge space for them to collaborate effectively and pursue both agendas simultaneously. This paper outlines a framework for gender-enhanced growth diagnostics that can be used to identify win-win solutions based on policies that target jointly the binding constraints to economic growth and those limiting female economic participation. The welfare gain from such a reform surpasses the gain from a pro-growth reform addressing only the binding constraint to growth or that from a pro-gender reform aimed at closing gender gaps. Using Turkey's country growth diagnostics and data on gender gaps, the paper uses the approach to identify those constraints to women's economic empowerment that align with national growth priorities and may therefore gain greater traction with policy makers.

Economic Development --- Economic Efficiency --- Economic Growth --- Empowerment --- Gender Inclusiveness --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Poverty Reduction

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Efficiëntie is hét codewoord van onze tijd. Voortdurend weerklinkt de roep om allerlei domeinen van het leven efficiënter te organiseren: overheid, zorg, onderwijs, verkeer... We moeten meer doen met minder. Dat vereist dat we ons liefst zo concreet mogelijke doelen stellen en dat we die dan ook proberen te realiseren. Efficiëntie en doelmatig streven gaan dus hand in hand.In dit boek gaat Yoni Van Den Eede na hoe efficiëntie en doelmatigheid vergaand ons leven zijn gaan bepalen en intussen onze manier van denken domineren. Ze lijken de heilige graal van onze maatschappelijke organisatie geworden. Het zijn haast absolute principes, die op alles en iedereen van toepassing zijn en die zogenaamd overal eenzijdig positieve effecten sorteren.Toch hebben die principes ook een keerzijde. Ze hebben neveneffecten die wel minder tastbaar zijn, maar ons raken in ons diepste, existentiële wezen. Want wat als we voornamelijk vanuit de efficiëntiegedachte betekenis proberen te geven aan ons bestaan? Wie obsessief op doelen, resultaten en trajecten gericht is, vergeet namelijk één zaak: dat vele goeie dingen vanzelf komen, of dat ze slechts moeilijk gestuurd kunnen worden. Betekent dat dan dat we efficiëntie en doelmatigheid volledig moeten uitbannen? Geenszins. Wel moeten we dringend op zoek naar een nieuwe levenskunst.Dit boek maakt deel uit van de reeks Kennismakers. In deze reeks verschijnen boeken van auteurs die kritisch reflecteren op belangrijke maatschappelijke problemen en evoluties van vandaag.

efficiëntie --- maatschappijkritiek --- Political philosophy. Social philosophy --- Philosophy and psychology of culture --- cultuurfilosofie --- Efficiëntie --- Maatschappijkritiek --- Trends --- Efficiency --- Productiviteit (efficiëntie) --- Filosofie --- 65.011.4 --- 008 --- rationalisatie in organisaties - efficiëntie van organisaties --- 65.011.4 Productivity. Economic efficiency (cost-effectiveness). Profitability. Rationalization. Simplification. Efficiency. Cost-consciousness. Success --- Productivity. Economic efficiency (cost-effectiveness). Profitability. Rationalization. Simplification. Efficiency. Cost-consciousness. Success --- Trend

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Women make essential contributions to agriculture in developing countries, where they constitute approximately 43 percent of the agricultural labor force. However, female farmers typically have lower output per unit of land and are much less likely to be active in commercial farming than their male counterparts. These gender differences in land productivity and participation between male and female farmers are due to gender differences in access to inputs, resources, and services. In this paper, the authors review the evidence on productivity differences and access to resources. They discuss some of the reasons for these differences, such as differences in property rights, education, control over resources (e.g., land), access to inputs and services (e.g., fertilizer, extension, and credit), and social norms. Although women are less active in commercial farming and are largely excluded from contract farming, they often provide the bulk of wage labor in the nontraditional export sector. In general, gender gaps do not appear to fall systematically with growth, and they appear to rise with GDP per capita and with greater access to resources and inputs. Active policies that support women's access and participation, not just greater overall access, are essential if these gaps are to be closed. The gains in terms of greater productivity of land and overall production are likely to be large.

Anthropology --- Chemical fertilizers --- Economic efficiency --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- Gender and Development --- Gender and Health --- Gender and Law --- Land acquisition --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Mecanization use --- Rural Development Knowledge & Information Systems --- Yield Differences

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While it is often acknowledged that we live in a "postindustrial" age, our economic concepts have lagged far behind our postmodern sensibility. In this incisive new work, the well-known sociologist, Fred Block, sheds obsolete and shopworn economic analysis by presenting a bold, sweeping reconceptualization of the economy. Postindustrial Possibilities provides a fresh understanding of the dynamics of postindustrial change while offering a roadmap for future economic thinking.Block takes as his point of departure the tired concepts of neo-classical economics which, while still dominant, fall short as tools for comprehending contemporary economic forces. In Block's mind, the failure to revise the concepts of industrial economics means that the reality of today's economy is increasingly understood as "through a glass darkly." Intent on reinvigorating thinking in this area, Block masterfully critiques the central categories of neo-classical economics, such as the market, labor, and capital.Block argues that the neo-classical tradition has obscured the fact that capitalist prosperity has been built not on "free markets" but rather on systematic constraints on market freedom. He further suggests that measurements of capital have become increasingly problematic and that the concept obscures the critical sources of productivity within organizations. In his far-reaching analysis of the Gross National Product, Block shows that there is a growing divergence between the factors that determine people's well-being and trends in measured GNP.Postindustrial Possibilities sets forth a new intellectual paradigm that might be called "Qualitative Growth." One of its primary foci is a shift toward improved product quality and greater priority for various non-commodity satisfactions such as leisure, interesting work, economic security and a safe and clean environment. It also promotes a recognition that greater economic efficiency rests not on infusions of capital but on cooperative labor relations and on institutional reform.Wide-ranging, intellectually vibrant and lucid, Postindustrial Possibilities will engender controversy and debate. It is an enormous contribution that social scientists and policymakers will need to come to terms with.

Economic forecasting. --- Economics --- Forecasting --- Economic indicators --- capital. --- capitalism. --- classical economics. --- constrained markets. --- consumers. --- economic efficiency. --- economic forces. --- economic security. --- economics. --- economy. --- employees. --- free markets. --- gnp. --- industrial economics. --- labor industrial relations. --- labor relations. --- labor. --- leisure. --- market. --- neo classical economics. --- non commodity satisfactions. --- nonfiction. --- political economy. --- postindustrial. --- postmodern. --- product quality. --- regulation. --- sociology. --- work. --- worker satisfaction. --- workers. --- working conditions. --- workplace environment.

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In 2007, the United States Department of Commerce altered a 23-year old policy of not applying the countervailing duty law to non-market economies, and initiated eight countervailing and antidumping duty investigations on Chinese imports. The change brings heated debate on trade remedy policies and issues of non-market economies. This study focuses on the first countervailing duty case on imported coated free sheet paper from China and analyzes the implications of this test case for United States-China bilateral trade, and industrial policies in transitioning market economies. The paper also provides a brief review of the economics of subsidies, World Trade Organization rules on subsides and countervailing measures, and United States countervailing duty laws applied to non-market economies. While recently acceded countries should review their domestic development policies from the perspective of economic efficiency and comply with the World Trade Organization rules, it is also important to further clarify the issues of non-market economies under the multilateral trading system, and pay keen attention to the rules negotiations in the current World Trade Organization Doha Development Round.

Bilateral trade --- Capacity building --- Debt Markets --- Development policies --- Dumping --- Economic efficiency --- Economic Implications --- Economic Theory and Research --- Emerging Markets --- Finance and Financial Sector Development --- International Economics & Trade --- ITC --- Law and Development --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- Markets and Market Access --- Private Sector Development --- Trade Law --- Trade policy --- World Trade Organization --- WTO