Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The Special Issue “Liquid Crystal Optical Devices” discusses recent developments in the rapidly advancing subject of liquid crystals (LCs).

n/a --- liquid crystal lenses --- optical phased arrays --- gold nanoparticles --- adaptive-focus lenses --- dielectric anisotropy --- liquid-crystal waveguides --- volume gratings --- beam steering --- Mueller matrices --- nematic --- optical fiber device --- liquid crystals --- optoelectronics --- polarization-selective devices --- tapered optical fiber --- waveguides --- fast response time --- Pancharatnam?Berry phase --- optical modulation --- depolarization --- liquid crystal --- optical switching devices --- dual frequency nematic --- phase modulation

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The collection of articles discussed above covers various types of discharges and various processes. The discharges presented include, for example, microwave, spark, glow or surface discharges. The characterizations of the sources of these discharges, the parameters of the generated plasmas as well as the applications of these plasmas are discussed. The applications include, for example, the synthesis of nanoparticles or the treatment of skin cancer cells. I hope that the presented articles will be valuable for readers representing the world of science, medicine and technology.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Biochemistry --- surface discharge --- epoxy resin --- electronegative gas --- high-voltage power equipment --- diffusion welding --- plasma --- glow discharge --- surface treatment --- plasma techniques --- spark discharge --- nanoparticle synthesis --- silver electrodes --- electrodes asymmetry --- vortex break down --- plasma swirl injector --- dielectric barrier discharge --- swirling flow control --- melanoma cell (B16F10) --- plasma cancer therapy --- cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) --- transferred cold atmospheric plasma --- reactive oxygen species (ROS) --- reactive nitrogen species (RNS) --- catalase --- microwave plasma --- dual-frequency plasma --- electron temperature --- electron density --- n/a

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Past research has comprehensively assessed the capabilities of satellite sensors operating at microwave frequencies, both active (SAR, scatterometers) and passive (radiometers), for the remote sensing of Earth’s surface. Besides brightness temperature and backscattering coefficient, microwave indices, defined as a combination of data collected at different frequencies and polarizations, revealed a good sensitivity to hydrological cycle parameters such as surface soil moisture, vegetation water content, and snow depth and its water equivalent. The differences between microwave backscattering and emission at more frequencies and polarizations have been well established in relation to these parameters, enabling operational retrieval algorithms based on microwave indices to be developed. This Special Issue aims at providing an overview of microwave signal capabilities in estimating the main land parameters of the hydrological cycle, e.g., soil moisture, vegetation water content, and snow water equivalent, on both local and global scales, with a particular focus on the applications of microwave indices.

time series analysis --- passive microwave soil moisture --- Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 --- Snow Depth and Snow Water Equivalent --- snow cover characteristics --- vegetation biomass --- roughness --- sea ice --- SMOS --- microwave radiometry --- soil moisture downscaling --- Vegetation Biomass --- vegetation index --- Terra MODIS --- Sentinel-1 --- Microwave Indices --- soil moisture content --- dual-frequency ratios --- SMAP --- passive microwave --- water-cloud model --- snow --- Sentinel-1 backscatter --- AMSR2 --- data fusion --- microwaves --- mountain region --- SAR --- start of season --- crops --- NDVI --- scatterometer --- Radarsat-2 --- polarization --- vegetation water content --- co-pol ratio --- active microwaves --- microwave indices --- harvest --- Microwave Radiometry --- soil moisture --- Soil Moisture Content --- snow correlation length --- radiometer --- radar --- soil scattering --- vegetation descriptor --- scale gap --- snow water equivalent

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The raw materials industry is widely considered to be too environmentally costly, and causing more losses than benefits. The responsible solving of the problems caused by this industry is not “exporting” its operations to less developed countries, but addressing all recognized hazards with dedicated technological developments. Such an approach is presented by the authors of this book. The contributions deal with the optimization of processes in the raw materials industry, obtaining energy from alternative fuels, researching the environmental aspects of industrial activities. This book determines some guidelines for the sustainable raw materials industry, describing methods of the optimized use of mined deposits and the recovery of materials, reductions in energy consumption and the recuperation of energy, minimizations in the emissions of pollutants, the perfection of quieter and safer processes, and the facilitation of modern materials-, water-, and energy-related techniques and technologies.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- acid leaching --- battery recycling --- Li-ion batteries --- metal recovery --- raw material sustainable use --- sieving screen --- inertial vibrator --- dual-frequency --- spectrum --- FEM simulation --- biomass ash --- coal ash --- sintering --- mechanical test --- pressure drop test --- slagging --- fouling --- ion flotation --- used batteries --- ecological safety --- recovery --- Zn(II) --- Mn(II) --- belt conveyor --- prosumer --- downhill transport of overburden --- specific energy consumption --- recuperation --- energy recovery rate --- air quality monitoring --- SO2 --- VOC --- H2S --- PM10 --- PM2.5 --- PM1.0 --- outdoor air quality --- air flow aerodynamics --- street canyon --- digestate --- biogas plant --- hydrothermal carbonisation --- membrane processes --- water recovery --- thermal lag --- fossil fuels --- pyrolysis --- TG --- thermal analysis --- power --- powered roof support --- hydraulic leg --- bench testing --- dynamic load --- discrete event simulation --- quarry --- mine machine --- cost of production --- fire-side corrosion --- boiler tube wastage --- diagnostics --- industrial-scale boilers --- non-destructive inspection --- pipe inspection --- wall thickness measurement --- stone waste --- waste generation --- waste recycling --- industrial waste treatment --- sustainable manufacturing --- dimension natural stone processing --- GHG emissions --- stable isotopes --- waste management --- energy recovery --- unburned carbon --- fly ash --- activated carbon --- adsorption kinetics --- statistical regression --- sustainable mining --- heating and energy processes --- raw material sustainable-use fossil fuels --- energy conversion and storage --- air pollution --- emission reduction methods --- purification and removal techniques --- acid leaching --- battery recycling --- Li-ion batteries --- metal recovery --- raw material sustainable use --- sieving screen --- inertial vibrator --- dual-frequency --- spectrum --- FEM simulation --- biomass ash --- coal ash --- sintering --- mechanical test --- pressure drop test --- slagging --- fouling --- ion flotation --- used batteries --- ecological safety --- recovery --- Zn(II) --- Mn(II) --- belt conveyor --- prosumer --- downhill transport of overburden --- specific energy consumption --- recuperation --- energy recovery rate --- air quality monitoring --- SO2 --- VOC --- H2S --- PM10 --- PM2.5 --- PM1.0 --- outdoor air quality --- air flow aerodynamics --- street canyon --- digestate --- biogas plant --- hydrothermal carbonisation --- membrane processes --- water recovery --- thermal lag --- fossil fuels --- pyrolysis --- TG --- thermal analysis --- power --- powered roof support --- hydraulic leg --- bench testing --- dynamic load --- discrete event simulation --- quarry --- mine machine --- cost of production --- fire-side corrosion --- boiler tube wastage --- diagnostics --- industrial-scale boilers --- non-destructive inspection --- pipe inspection --- wall thickness measurement --- stone waste --- waste generation --- waste recycling --- industrial waste treatment --- sustainable manufacturing --- dimension natural stone processing --- GHG emissions --- stable isotopes --- waste management --- energy recovery --- unburned carbon --- fly ash --- activated carbon --- adsorption kinetics --- statistical regression --- sustainable mining --- heating and energy processes --- raw material sustainable-use fossil fuels --- energy conversion and storage --- air pollution --- emission reduction methods --- purification and removal techniques

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The raw materials industry is widely considered to be too environmentally costly, and causing more losses than benefits. The responsible solving of the problems caused by this industry is not “exporting” its operations to less developed countries, but addressing all recognized hazards with dedicated technological developments. Such an approach is presented by the authors of this book. The contributions deal with the optimization of processes in the raw materials industry, obtaining energy from alternative fuels, researching the environmental aspects of industrial activities. This book determines some guidelines for the sustainable raw materials industry, describing methods of the optimized use of mined deposits and the recovery of materials, reductions in energy consumption and the recuperation of energy, minimizations in the emissions of pollutants, the perfection of quieter and safer processes, and the facilitation of modern materials-, water-, and energy-related techniques and technologies.

acid leaching --- battery recycling --- Li-ion batteries --- metal recovery --- raw material sustainable use --- sieving screen --- inertial vibrator --- dual-frequency --- spectrum --- FEM simulation --- biomass ash --- coal ash --- sintering --- mechanical test --- pressure drop test --- slagging --- fouling --- ion flotation --- used batteries --- ecological safety --- recovery --- Zn(II) --- Mn(II) --- belt conveyor --- prosumer --- downhill transport of overburden --- specific energy consumption --- recuperation --- energy recovery rate --- air quality monitoring --- SO2 --- VOC --- H2S --- PM10 --- PM2.5 --- PM1.0 --- outdoor air quality --- air flow aerodynamics --- street canyon --- digestate --- biogas plant --- hydrothermal carbonisation --- membrane processes --- water recovery --- thermal lag --- fossil fuels --- pyrolysis --- TG --- thermal analysis --- power --- powered roof support --- hydraulic leg --- bench testing --- dynamic load --- discrete event simulation --- quarry --- mine machine --- cost of production --- fire-side corrosion --- boiler tube wastage --- diagnostics --- industrial-scale boilers --- non-destructive inspection --- pipe inspection --- wall thickness measurement --- stone waste --- waste generation --- waste recycling --- industrial waste treatment --- sustainable manufacturing --- dimension natural stone processing --- GHG emissions --- stable isotopes --- waste management --- energy recovery --- unburned carbon --- fly ash --- activated carbon --- adsorption kinetics --- statistical regression --- sustainable mining --- heating and energy processes --- raw material sustainable-use fossil fuels --- energy conversion and storage --- air pollution --- emission reduction methods --- purification and removal techniques