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Togo --- flora and vegetation --- floristics --- seasonnally dry tropical forests

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Andean dry forest ecosystems are threatened by deforestation and unsustainable land use methods. The negative effects for the livelihood of the local population, biodiversity, and the regional climate could be countered by reforestation measures; however, dry land forests have not attracted the same level of interest and investment like other ecosystems. This book describes the development of a priority-zone map for reforestation measures, showing where reforestation might have the greatest social and ecological benefits. To achieve this, a problem analysis of a case study region is conducted and thematic reforestation benefits are determined. Using remote sensing and GIS, the areas where benefits can be obtained are mapped in individual layers and compiled into a summarizing priority-zone map. It is thus possible to identify areas where reforestation would achieve multiple benefits. The concept of priority maps could be used to facilitate reforestation strategies by local communities and municipal governments and could thus contribute to initiate an integrated forest and landscape restoration of the Bolivian montane dry forests.

Reforestation. --- Tropical dry forests. --- Bolivia. --- Dry forests --- Dry tropical forests --- Monsoon forests --- Monsoonal forests --- Tropical deciduous forests --- Tropical dry deciduous forests --- Forests and forestry --- Forestation --- Reafforestation --- Forest conservation --- Revegetation --- Afforestation --- Tree planting --- Alto Perú --- Bolivija --- Bulibiya --- Bulibiya Mamallaqta --- Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia --- Plurinational State of Bolivia --- Republic of Bolivia --- República de Bolivia --- Upper Peru --- Wuliwya --- Wuliwya Suya --- Peru-Bolivian Confederation

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This book provides in-depth information on Caatinga’s geographical boundaries and ecological systems, including plants, insects, fishes, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. It also discusses the major threats to the region’s socio-ecological systems and includes chapters on climate change and fast and large-scale land-use changes, as well as slow and small-scale changes, also known as chronic human disturbances. Subsequent chapters address sustainable agriculture, conservation systems, and sustainable development. Lastly, the book proposes 10 major actions that could enable the transformation of Caatinga into a place where people and nature can thrive together. “I consider this book an excellent example of how scientists worldwide can mobilize their efforts to propose sound solutions for one of the biggest challenges of modern times, i.e., how to protect the world’s natural ecosystems while improving human well-being. I am sure this book will inspire more research and conservation action in the region and perhaps encourage other groups of scientists to produce similar syntheses about their regions.” Russell Mittermeier, Ph.D. Executive Vice-Chair, Conservation International.

Tropical dry forests --- Biodiversity --- Biological diversification --- Biological diversity --- Biotic diversity --- Diversification, Biological --- Diversity, Biological --- Dry forests --- Dry tropical forests --- Monsoon forests --- Monsoonal forests --- Tropical deciduous forests --- Tropical dry deciduous forests --- Life sciences. --- Animal ecology. --- Biodiversity. --- Ecosystems. --- Plant ecology. --- Conservation biology. --- Ecology. --- Life Sciences. --- Plant Ecology. --- Conservation Biology/Ecology. --- Animal Ecology. --- Biology --- Biocomplexity --- Ecological heterogeneity --- Numbers of species --- Forests and forestry --- Endangered ecosystems. --- Animals --- Zoology --- Ecology --- Nature conservation --- Botany --- Plants --- Threatened ecosystems --- Biotic communities --- Phytoecology --- Vegetation ecology --- Ecology . --- Balance of nature --- Bionomics --- Ecological processes --- Ecological science --- Ecological sciences --- Environment --- Environmental biology --- Oecology --- Environmental sciences --- Population biology --- Biocenoses --- Biocoenoses --- Biogeoecology --- Biological communities --- Biomes --- Biotic community ecology --- Communities, Biotic --- Community ecology, Biotic --- Ecological communities --- Ecosystems --- Natural communities --- Floristic ecology

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This Special Issue looks forward as well as backward to best analyze the forest conservation challenges of the Caribbean. This is made possible by 75 years of research and applications by the United States Department of Agriculture, International Institute of Tropical Forestry (the Institute) of Puerto Rico. It transforms Holocene-based scientific paradigms of the tropics into Anthropocene applications and outlooks of wilderness, managed forests, and urban environments. This volume showcases how the focus of the Institute’s programs is evolving to support sustainable tropical forest conservation despite uncertain conditions. The manuscripts showcased here highlight the importance of shared stewardship and a long-term, hands-on approach to conservation, research programs, and novel organizations intended to meet contemporary conservation challenges. Policies relevant to the Anthropocene, as well as the use of experiments to anticipate future responses of tropical forests to global warming, are reexamined in these pages. Urban topics include how cities can co-produce new knowledge to spark sustainable and resilient transformations. Long-term results and research applications of topics such as soil biota, migratory birds, tropical vegetation, substrate chemistry, and the tropical carbon cycle are also described in the volume. Moreover, the question of how to best use land on a tropical island is addressed. This volume is intended to be of interest to all actors involved in long-term sustainable forest management and research in light of the historical lessons and future directions that may come out of a better understanding of tropical cities and forests in the Anthropocene epoch.

n/a --- Ca/Al relationship --- soil organic carbon --- trees --- N/P ratios --- humid tropical forests --- ?15N --- element concentration --- leaf C and N densities --- tropical deforestation --- tropical forest area --- hurricane --- U.S. Forest Service Planning Rule --- El Yunque National Forest --- conservation --- leaf mass per area --- knowledge infrastructures --- knowledge systems --- idiom of co-production --- disturbance --- Puerto Rico --- novel forests --- annual cycle --- latitude --- experiments --- Tropical Forest Management --- secondary forests --- mature forests --- American tropics --- stoichiometry of leaf litter --- allometry --- communications --- contemporary conservation --- and N/P ratios --- succession --- photosynthetic nitrogen use-efficiency --- biomass --- litter --- basal area --- knowledge systems analysis --- tropical --- Long-Term Ecological Research --- naturalized species --- Guánica --- Caribbean --- knowledge co-production --- C/N --- C/P --- volume expansion factors --- tropical forest --- wood --- strategic teams --- dry tropical forests --- tree plantations --- species composition --- climate change --- cities --- Tropical Forest Conservation --- Nearctic-Neotropical --- vision --- forest inventory data --- large-scale --- tropical forest management --- microbiota --- soil biota --- adaptive management --- Luquillo Experimental Forest --- Tropical Forestry Research --- nitrogen fixing trees --- species dominance --- long-term ecological research --- network governance --- leadership --- Forest Service --- ?13C --- elevation --- Anthropocene --- tropical karst --- geospatial analyses --- manipulations --- gradients --- landscape conservation --- element concentration in leaf litter --- tropical agriculture --- land use planning --- tropical forests --- carry over effects --- invertebrates --- introduced species --- land use governance --- long-term