Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Small sample properties of parameter estimates and test statistics in the vector autoregressive dividend ratio model (Campbell and Shiller [1988 a,b]) are derived by stochastic simulation. The data generating processes are co integrated vector autoregressive models, estimated subject to restrictions implied by the dividend ratio model, or altered to show a unit root.

Dividend reinvestment.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The present study does not only close the existing legal-dogmatic gap in research on the phenomenon of scrip dividends, which has been successful among German corporations, but also impresses with its methodologically pluralistic approach: It offers a first overall view, in the context of which the legal significance of the phenomenon is analyzed as well as the economic and legal-economic findings on the treasury instrument are elaborated. In this way, the present work is not only setting out the relevant framework for action in the area of scrip dividends, but also promotes investment security in Germany and serves as a guide for practitioners. Die Arbeit schließt nicht nur die bestehende rechtsdogmatische Forschungslücke um das unter deutschen Kapitalgesellschaften reüssierende Phänomen der Scrip Dividends, sondern besticht darüber hinaus durch ihren methodenpluralistischen Ansatz: Sie bietet eine erste Gesamtschau, im Rahmen derer auch die rechtstatsächliche Bedeutung des Phänomens analysiert sowie wirtschaftswissenschaftliche und rechtsökonomische Erkenntnisse um das Treasury-Instrument herausgearbeitet werden. Dergestalt soll die vorliegende Arbeit nicht nur den maßgeblichen Handlungsrahmen im Bereich Scrip Dividends abstecken, sondern auch die Investitionssicherheit in Deutschland fördern sowie der Praxis als Ratgeber dienen.

Dividend reinvestment.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Dividend reinvestment --- Investments --- Stocks --- Dividend reinvestment. --- Investments. --- Stocks. --- United States.

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Demographic change can be a positive contributor to development at any stage of demographic transition. This paper revisits the literature on the determinants and economic impacts of demographic change, and presents a new global typology that classifies countries into four categories based on demographic characteristics and future development potential. In the first group are high-fertility, low-income countries that are lagging in many human development indicators. In the second group are mostly low- and lower-middle-income countries where fertility rates have started falling recently and where changes in age structure offer tremendous opportunity for growth in the near future. The third group comprises mostly upper-middle-income countries that experienced rapid fertility declines in the 1960s, and where working age people will be a shrinking share of the population in the coming decade. The last group is made up of mostly high-income countries that have some of the highest shares of elderly in the world, and below-replacement fertility rates since at least the 1980s. The typology helps identify development policy priorities for countries in different stages of demographic transition, and opportunities through globalization due to demographic differences between countries.

Demographic Change --- Demographic Dividend --- Economic Development

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

The countries of the Southern African Customs Union have relatively diverse demographic and economic starting points. These economies have the potential to realize demographic dividends and experience an acceleration in their income per capita growth and poverty reduction progress through forthcoming shifts in their age structures. Between 35 and 75 percent of poverty reduction in 2015-50 in Southern African Customs Union economies could be attributed to demographic shifts in a business-as-usual scenario of economic development, if employment rates are at least maintained. The magnitude of the demographic dividends could be greater if countries are able to achieve policy outcomes in parallel in the areas of education, savings-investment, and employment. Scenario analyses of these different policy outcomes interacting with the shifting age structures in different ways suggest quantitatively different economic impacts despite qualitatively similar policies. Improving educational attainment is found to be most important in Lesotho and Swaziland; mobilizing savings for higher investment can be most useful for Botswana; and improving employment rates, especially by closing gender gaps, can be most useful for South Africa and Namibia.

Demographic Dividend --- Growth --- Industry --- Macroeconomics and Economic Growth --- SACU