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The current power system should be renovated to fulfill social and industrial requests and economic advances. Hence, providing economic, green, and sustainable energy are key goals of advanced societies. In order to meet these goals, recent features of smart grid technologies need to have the potential to improve reliability, flexibility, efficiency, and resiliency. This book aims to address the mentioned challenges by introducing advanced approaches, business models, and novel techniques for the management and control of future smart grids.

History of engineering & technology --- power system oscillations --- stability --- Prony method --- intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) --- wide-area measurement system (WAMS) --- phasor measurement units (PMUs) --- frequency stability --- load frequency control --- communication system delay --- virtual inertia --- microgrid --- recursive damped least squares --- black-box modeling --- online identification --- energy management system --- demand-side management --- uncertainty --- energy storage --- distributed generation --- activity recognition --- activity detection --- activity prediction --- smart building --- energy and comfort management --- digital microgrid --- power grid --- integer linear programming --- routing energy --- distributed energy resources --- Dijkstra algorithm --- Islanding detection --- modern power system --- anti-islanding --- protection --- sequence components --- earth fault location --- negative sequence current --- holistic power system architecture --- smart grid --- fractal design --- fractal grid --- LINK-paradigm --- market design --- local electricity market --- large-scale --- distributed generations --- low-voltage active distribution network --- islanded mode --- non-homogeneous model --- synchronization --- power system oscillations --- stability --- Prony method --- intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) --- wide-area measurement system (WAMS) --- phasor measurement units (PMUs) --- frequency stability --- load frequency control --- communication system delay --- virtual inertia --- microgrid --- recursive damped least squares --- black-box modeling --- online identification --- energy management system --- demand-side management --- uncertainty --- energy storage --- distributed generation --- activity recognition --- activity detection --- activity prediction --- smart building --- energy and comfort management --- digital microgrid --- power grid --- integer linear programming --- routing energy --- distributed energy resources --- Dijkstra algorithm --- Islanding detection --- modern power system --- anti-islanding --- protection --- sequence components --- earth fault location --- negative sequence current --- holistic power system architecture --- smart grid --- fractal design --- fractal grid --- LINK-paradigm --- market design --- local electricity market --- large-scale --- distributed generations --- low-voltage active distribution network --- islanded mode --- non-homogeneous model --- synchronization

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This book is a printed version of the papers published in the Special Issue “DC & Hybrid Microgrids” of Applied Sciences. This Special Issue, co-organized by the University of Pisa, Italy and Østfold University College in Norway, has collected nine papers and the editorial, from 28 submitted, with authors from Asia, North America and Europe. The published articles provide an overview of the most recent research advances in direct current (DC) and hybrid microgrids, exploiting the opportunities offered by the use of renewable energy sources, battery energy storage systems, power converters, innovative control and energy management strategies.

Technology: general issues --- energy management strategy (EMS) --- distributed generator (DG) --- state of charge (SoC) --- circuit breaker (CB) --- standard test condition (STC) --- photovoltaic (PV) --- solar --- microgrid --- droop control --- patrol base --- islanded DC microgrid --- battery-only operation --- constant power load --- CPL --- floating DC bus --- stability criterion --- power management --- AC/DC distribution network --- distributed generator --- planning --- timing characteristics --- genetic-ant colony hybrid algorithm --- forest microgrid --- biomass energy --- operation mode-based sectional coordinated control --- hybrid energy storage --- predictive control --- inertia improvement --- unbalanced electric bridge --- DC insulation monitoring --- ground capacitance --- three-point climbing algorithm --- islanding detection --- DC grid --- active islanding detection method --- injected signal cancellation --- multi-distributed generations --- perturbation signal --- photovoltaic system --- direct current (DC) microgrid --- stability --- constant power loads --- large transmission line inductive --- simplified circuit model --- virtual negative inductance --- micro-grid --- hybrid micro-grid --- smart grid --- battery energy storage --- renewable energy sources (RES) --- hybrid vehicles (HEV) --- full-electric vehicles (EV) --- Bidirectional converters --- direct current (DC) grid --- hybrid microgrid --- bidirectional converters

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The current power system should be renovated to fulfill social and industrial requests and economic advances. Hence, providing economic, green, and sustainable energy are key goals of advanced societies. In order to meet these goals, recent features of smart grid technologies need to have the potential to improve reliability, flexibility, efficiency, and resiliency. This book aims to address the mentioned challenges by introducing advanced approaches, business models, and novel techniques for the management and control of future smart grids.

power system oscillations --- stability --- Prony method --- intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) --- wide-area measurement system (WAMS) --- phasor measurement units (PMUs) --- frequency stability --- load frequency control --- communication system delay --- virtual inertia --- microgrid --- recursive damped least squares --- black-box modeling --- online identification --- energy management system --- demand-side management --- uncertainty --- energy storage --- distributed generation --- activity recognition --- activity detection --- activity prediction --- smart building --- energy and comfort management --- digital microgrid --- power grid --- integer linear programming --- routing energy --- distributed energy resources --- Dijkstra algorithm --- Islanding detection --- modern power system --- anti-islanding --- protection --- sequence components --- earth fault location --- negative sequence current --- holistic power system architecture --- smart grid --- fractal design --- fractal grid --- LINK-paradigm --- market design --- local electricity market --- large-scale --- distributed generations --- low-voltage active distribution network --- islanded mode --- non-homogeneous model --- synchronization --- n/a

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This book is a printed version of the papers published in the Special Issue “DC & Hybrid Microgrids” of Applied Sciences. This Special Issue, co-organized by the University of Pisa, Italy and Østfold University College in Norway, has collected nine papers and the editorial, from 28 submitted, with authors from Asia, North America and Europe. The published articles provide an overview of the most recent research advances in direct current (DC) and hybrid microgrids, exploiting the opportunities offered by the use of renewable energy sources, battery energy storage systems, power converters, innovative control and energy management strategies.

Technology: general issues --- energy management strategy (EMS) --- distributed generator (DG) --- state of charge (SoC) --- circuit breaker (CB) --- standard test condition (STC) --- photovoltaic (PV) --- solar --- microgrid --- droop control --- patrol base --- islanded DC microgrid --- battery-only operation --- constant power load --- CPL --- floating DC bus --- stability criterion --- power management --- AC/DC distribution network --- distributed generator --- planning --- timing characteristics --- genetic-ant colony hybrid algorithm --- forest microgrid --- biomass energy --- operation mode-based sectional coordinated control --- hybrid energy storage --- predictive control --- inertia improvement --- unbalanced electric bridge --- DC insulation monitoring --- ground capacitance --- three-point climbing algorithm --- islanding detection --- DC grid --- active islanding detection method --- injected signal cancellation --- multi-distributed generations --- perturbation signal --- photovoltaic system --- direct current (DC) microgrid --- stability --- constant power loads --- large transmission line inductive --- simplified circuit model --- virtual negative inductance --- micro-grid --- hybrid micro-grid --- smart grid --- battery energy storage --- renewable energy sources (RES) --- hybrid vehicles (HEV) --- full-electric vehicles (EV) --- Bidirectional converters --- direct current (DC) grid --- hybrid microgrid --- bidirectional converters --- energy management strategy (EMS) --- distributed generator (DG) --- state of charge (SoC) --- circuit breaker (CB) --- standard test condition (STC) --- photovoltaic (PV) --- solar --- microgrid --- droop control --- patrol base --- islanded DC microgrid --- battery-only operation --- constant power load --- CPL --- floating DC bus --- stability criterion --- power management --- AC/DC distribution network --- distributed generator --- planning --- timing characteristics --- genetic-ant colony hybrid algorithm --- forest microgrid --- biomass energy --- operation mode-based sectional coordinated control --- hybrid energy storage --- predictive control --- inertia improvement --- unbalanced electric bridge --- DC insulation monitoring --- ground capacitance --- three-point climbing algorithm --- islanding detection --- DC grid --- active islanding detection method --- injected signal cancellation --- multi-distributed generations --- perturbation signal --- photovoltaic system --- direct current (DC) microgrid --- stability --- constant power loads --- large transmission line inductive --- simplified circuit model --- virtual negative inductance --- micro-grid --- hybrid micro-grid --- smart grid --- battery energy storage --- renewable energy sources (RES) --- hybrid vehicles (HEV) --- full-electric vehicles (EV) --- Bidirectional converters --- direct current (DC) grid --- hybrid microgrid --- bidirectional converters

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This book presents an interesting sample of the latest advances in optimization techniques applied to electrical power engineering. It covers a variety of topics from various fields, ranging from classical optimization such as Linear and Nonlinear Programming and Integer and Mixed-Integer Programming to the most modern methods based on bio-inspired metaheuristics. The featured papers invite readers to delve further into emerging optimization techniques and their real application to case studies such as conventional and renewable energy generation, distributed generation, transport and distribution of electrical energy, electrical machines and power electronics, network optimization, intelligent systems, advances in electric mobility, etc.

n/a --- Stackelberg game --- MILP --- optimal congestion threshold --- magnetic field mitigation --- simulation --- multi-objective particle swarm optimization --- virtual power plant --- internal defect --- day-ahead load forecasting --- neural network --- modular predictor --- multi-objective particle swarm optimization algorithm --- stochastic optimization --- dragonfly algorithm --- unit commitment --- metaheuristic --- multi-population method (MP) --- optimization --- tabu search --- considerable decomposition --- loss minimization --- active distribution system --- islanded microgrid --- dynamic solving framework --- feature selection --- electric energy costs --- power factor compensation --- dependability --- interactive load --- overhead --- energy internet --- evolutionary computation --- wind power --- developed grew wolf optimizer --- underground --- ETAP --- fuzzy algorithm --- electric vehicles --- Schwarz’s equation --- evolutionary algorithms --- electric power contracts --- congestion management --- optimizing-scenarios method --- building energy management system --- particle encoding method --- ringdown detection --- HOMER software --- DC optimal power flow --- prosumer --- constrained parameter estimation --- distributed generations (DGs) --- strong track filter (STF) --- transient stability --- calibration --- cost minimization --- radiance --- decentralized and collaborative optimization --- hybrid renewable energy system --- renewable energy sources --- rural electrification --- distribution network reconfiguration --- interval variables --- optimization methods --- particle swarm optimization --- hierarchical scheduling --- micro grid --- AC/DC hybrid active distribution --- consensus --- artificial bee colony --- CCHP system --- data center --- support vector machine --- affinity propagation clustering --- extended Kalman filter --- affine arithmetic --- linear discriminant analysis (LDA) --- current margins --- heterogeneous networks --- Cameroon --- hybrid method --- distributed heat-electricity energy management --- discrete wind driven optimization --- fitness function --- cross-entropy --- GenOpt --- wind energy --- demand uncertainty --- UC --- off-design performance --- genetic algorithm --- energy storage --- the biomimetic membrane computing --- power system optimization --- electric vehicle --- power architectures --- economic load dispatch problem (ELD) --- runner-root algorithm (RRA) --- Cable joint --- battery energy storage system --- load curtailment --- integration assessment --- power system unit commitment --- artificial lighting --- power flow --- hybrid membrane computing --- two-point estimation method --- low-voltage networks --- demand bidding --- non-sinusoidal circuits --- energy flow model --- power transfer distribution factors --- sustainability --- HVAC system --- voltage deviation --- street light points --- radial basis function --- energy storage system --- charging/discharging --- power systems --- intelligent scatter search --- MV/LV substation --- optimal power flow --- stochastic state estimation --- eight searching sub-regions --- chaos optimization algorithm (COA) --- mutual information theory --- inter-turn shorted-circuit fault (ISCF) --- C&I particle swarm optimization --- multiobjective optimization --- passive shielding --- sub-Saharan Africa --- micro-phasor measurement unit --- geometric algebra --- bio-inspired algorithms --- adaptive consensus algorithm --- energy management --- PCS efficiency --- multi-stakeholders --- generalized generation distribution factors --- the genetic algorithm based P system --- JAYA algorithm --- thermal probability density --- power optimization --- pumped-hydro energy storage --- smart grid --- two-stage feature selection --- piecewise linear techniques --- photovoltaic --- SOCP relaxations --- switched reluctance machine (SRM) --- optimal reactive power dispatch --- optimal operation --- controllable response --- off-grid --- active shielding --- transformer-fault diagnosis --- IEEE Std. 80-2000 --- principal component analysis --- demand response --- Schwarz's equation