Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Parmi les habitats les plus en danger en Europe, se trouvent les pelouses sèches et pionnières. Celles-ci abritent souvent une grande biodiversité et sont considérées comme prioritaires par la directive habitat. Les carrières, de par leurs activités, engendrent des perturbations qui produisent des habitats analogues aux pelouses pionnières et l'industrie extractive représente donc une opportunité pour le développement d'espèces liées à ces milieux. Notre étude porte sur l'introduction d'espèces pionnières menacées en Région wallonne dans les pelouses de carrières actives, dans un but de conservation. Pour ce faire, nous avons étudié, dans un premier temps, le succès d'installation de neuf espèces pionnières menacées et semées en carrière par des pourcentages de présence-absence ainsi que par l'estimation des tailles de populations. 130 populations potentielles distribuées sur 50 parcelles et 18 carrières ont ainsi été examinées. Dans un second temps, nous nous sommes focalisés sur Petrorhagia prolifera (L.) P.W. Ball & Heywood, pour analyser si des différences existaient au niveau de variables de fitness entre les populations installées en fonction de paramètres édaphiques, afin d'établir, pour de futures introductions, les paramètres importants à prendre en compte pour maximiser les chances d'installation. Pour répondre à ce deuxième objectif, des Anovas entre populations ont été réalisées sur les variables édaphiques et de fitness. De plus, nous avons mis en relation les variables de fitness avec une analyse en composante principale sur les variables édaphiques. Les résultats de la première partie montrent un taux d'installation global de 54% avec une seule espèce n'ayant développé aucune population. Les résultats de la deuxième phase montrent que P. prolifera est une espèce pour qui la proportion de sable du sol joue un rôle important et qu'elle semble plutôt tolérante face aux autres facteurs étudiés. Ensemble, ces résultats illustrent le potentiel des carrières en activité comme zones de conservation d'espèces pionnière menacées. Ajoutant à cela l'immense réseau de carrières en Wallonie, cette méthode de conservation pourrait s'avérer d'un intérêt tout particulier pour des dynamiques de métapopulations et de conservation. Pioneer xeric grasslands in Europe are among the most endangered habitats. Yet these habitats shelter species rich communities of high importance for biodiversity. Quarries through their activities and disturbances, can create analogous habitats to these grasslands and present therefore opportunities for conservation of pioneer species. Our study evaluated the establishment success of nine threatened and pioneer plant species introduced throughout 18 active quarries in Southern Belgium. We therefore divided the study in two parts. The first was to assess global success of introduced species by presence-absence percentages and population size estimations. Fifty sown plots among the 18 quarries were consequently prospected, representing 130 potential populations. Based on presence – absence, some 54% of all introductions were successfully established and all but one species developed new populations. The second part, focused on Petrorhagia prolifera (L.) P.W. Ball & Heywood, was to evaluate if differences on fitness variables existed between established populations of this species and which environmental parameters could explain them in order to maximise future introductions' establishment success. This was carried out by collecting individuals of P. prolifera and soil samples. To discriminate populations, ANOVAs were run on population variables as well as on soil parameters. Relationship between population and soil factors was tested by fitting traits on a soil factors Principal Components Analysis. Out of the results, only one population was significantly different and presented higher mean of flowers and seeds production per individual as well as height. Results on links between soil factors and population variables demonstrated the importance of soils' sand percentages for P. prolifera populations to thrive on. Together those results illustrate the potential of introductions in active quarries for conservation purposes. Adding to those, the huge network of quarries in Southern Belgium, introductions of endangered species in active quarries could create metapopulation and play a key role for these species. Although further studies are needed to evaluate the populations maintenance in quarries through time.

Quarries, Patrimonial species, Pioneer grassland, Direct Seeding, Petrorhagia prolifera, Proliferous Pink --- Carrières, espèces menacées, pelouses pionnières, semis, Petrorhagia prolifera, œillet prolifère, nature temporaire --- Sciences du vivant > Sciences de l'environnement & écologie

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Molecular oxygen deficiency leads to altered cellular metabolism and can dramatically reduce crop productivity. Nearly all crops are negatively affected by a lack of oxygen (hypoxia) due to adverse environmental conditions such as excessive rain and soil waterlogging. Extensive efforts to fully understand how plants sense oxygen deficiency and their ability to respond using different strategies are crucial to increase hypoxia tolerance. Progress in our understanding has been significant in recent years. This topic certainly deserves more attention from the academic community; therefore, we have compiled a series of articles reflecting the advancements made thus far.

ethylene --- Ein2 --- germination --- RbohD --- submergence --- hypoxia --- post-submergence recovery --- legumes --- plant water relations --- shoot to root ratio --- Lotus japonicus --- leaf greenness --- leaf desiccation --- stomatal conductance --- aerenchyma --- auxin --- rice (Oryza sativa) --- root --- waterlogging --- leaf gas exchange --- waterlogging tolerance --- organic compound --- plant growth --- Physalis peruviana L. --- anaerobiosis --- anoxia --- Arabidopsis --- flooding --- rice --- development --- apoplastic barrier --- barrier to radial oxygen loss (ROL) --- lignin --- Oryza glumaepatula --- O. rufipogon --- rice (O. sativa) --- suberin --- wild rice --- acetolactate synthase --- ethanol fermentation --- imidazolinones --- mode of action --- aerobic fermentation --- Oryza sativa --- Submergence --- Activity of antioxidant enzymes --- Chlorophyll content --- phytoglobin --- VII Ethylene Response Factor --- PRT6 N-degron pathway of proteolysis --- Solanum tuberosum --- Solanum lycopersicum --- Solanum dulcamara --- coleoptile --- root hypoxia --- oxygen sensing --- jasmonate --- root meristem --- abiotic stress --- RNA-seq --- transcription factor --- fruit trees --- Prunus --- hypertrophied lenticels --- anaerobic fermentation --- energy metabolism --- root respiration --- anoxic signaling --- potassium --- pH --- acidification --- fluorescence microscopy --- Triticum aestivum --- direct seeding --- anaerobic germination --- low O2 stress --- regulatory mechanism --- metabolic adaptation --- drought --- alternated stress --- maize --- teosinte --- microRNAs --- metabolomics --- phloem --- n/a

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

This book deals with sustainable agriculture at a time of climate change. It seeks to identify a number of solutions to deal with the agricultural stresses caused by climate change. These range from the identification and cultivation of appropriate crop varieties and the adoption of climate adaptive agricultural practices. Significant sustainable agricultural innovation is required to deal with these challenges. Intellectual property rights (IPRs) may be of crucial importance for modern agriculture. They serve to make R&D in agriculture attractive, by encouraging investment in new technologies and generating tradeable assets. A number of the chapters of this book refer to the principal IPRs relevant to agricultural innovation, namely: (i) patents, which protect inventions; (ii) plant variety rights, which protect the breeding of new and distinct plant varieties; and (iii) trademarks and geographical indications, which facilitate the marketing of products by providing protection for the symbols of their manufacturing or geographic origin. The United Nations Climate Change Panel has urged the consideration of the agricultural practices of traditional communities and some of these practices particularly involving rice, banana, and brassica cultivation are explored in the book. This book is essential reading for officials of governments and international organizations concerned with sustainability, as well as scholars and students concerned with these subjects

Research. --- Biology. --- Technology. --- Engineering. --- Agriculture. --- alternative energy source --- Ethiopian mustard --- sustainability --- agricultural green development --- entropy weight method --- spatial heterogeneity --- spatial spillover effect --- China --- rice yields --- climate change --- phenology --- relative contribution --- partial correlation --- seed security --- banana tissue culture planting material --- uptake --- banana farmers --- central Uganda --- traditional rice economics --- institutional --- socio-demographic factors --- multinomial logit model --- constraints --- China-Africa cooperation --- agricultural program --- agricultural training --- technology adoption --- dams --- agriculture --- livelihoods --- health --- schistosomiasis --- restoration --- sustainable development --- climate adaptation --- rice-wheat cropping system --- South Asia --- water requirements --- nitrogen --- direct seeding --- agricultural science, technology and innovation --- Innovation efficiency --- DEA --- G20 --- productivity --- efficiency --- food security --- digital agriculture --- smart farming --- digitalization --- digital technologies --- Middle East and North Africa --- decision making --- instrumental variable --- neighbourhood effects --- rice farmers --- risk attitudes --- spatial dependence --- agricultural innovation --- sustainable agriculture --- plant breeding --- cereals --- intellectual property --- agricultural law --- plant variety rights --- seed marketing --- European Union --- fertilizer --- knowledge --- attitude --- ease of use --- motivation --- work performance --- alternative energy source --- Ethiopian mustard --- sustainability --- agricultural green development --- entropy weight method --- spatial heterogeneity --- spatial spillover effect --- China --- rice yields --- climate change --- phenology --- relative contribution --- partial correlation --- seed security --- banana tissue culture planting material --- uptake --- banana farmers --- central Uganda --- traditional rice economics --- institutional --- socio-demographic factors --- multinomial logit model --- constraints --- China-Africa cooperation --- agricultural program --- agricultural training --- technology adoption --- dams --- agriculture --- livelihoods --- health --- schistosomiasis --- restoration --- sustainable development --- climate adaptation --- rice-wheat cropping system --- South Asia --- water requirements --- nitrogen --- direct seeding --- agricultural science, technology and innovation --- Innovation efficiency --- DEA --- G20 --- productivity --- efficiency --- food security --- digital agriculture --- smart farming --- digitalization --- digital technologies --- Middle East and North Africa --- decision making --- instrumental variable --- neighbourhood effects --- rice farmers --- risk attitudes --- spatial dependence --- agricultural innovation --- sustainable agriculture --- plant breeding --- cereals --- intellectual property --- agricultural law --- plant variety rights --- seed marketing --- European Union --- fertilizer --- knowledge --- attitude --- ease of use --- motivation --- work performance