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Photogrammetry --- Digital techniques. --- Digital photogrammetric systems --- Digital photogrammetry --- DP (Digital photogrammetry) --- DPS (Digital photogrammetric systems) --- Digital electronics

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This book looks at the convergent nature of technology and its relationship to the field of photogrammetry and 3D design. This is a facet of a broader discussion of the nature of technology itself and the relationship of technology to art, as well as an examination of the educational process. In the field of technology-influenced design-based education it is natural to push for advanced technology, yet within a larger institution the constraints of budget and adherence to tradition must be accepted. These opposing forces create a natural balance; in some cases constraints lead to greater creativity than freedom ever can – but in other cases the opposite is true. This work offers insights into ways to integrate new technologies into the field of design, and from a broader standpoint it also looks ahead, raising further questions and looking to the near future as to what additional technologies might cause further disruptions to 3D design as well as wonderful creative opportunities.

Photogrammetry -- Digital techniques. --- Remote sensing. --- Three-dimensional imaging. --- Photogrammetry --- Digital techniques. --- 3-D imaging --- 3D imaging --- Three-dimensional imaging systems --- Three-dimensional imaging techniques --- Three-dimensional visualization --- Visualization, Three-dimensional --- Digital photogrammetric systems --- Digital photogrammetry --- DP (Digital photogrammetry) --- DPS (Digital photogrammetric systems) --- Computer science. --- Computer simulation. --- Image processing. --- Computer Science. --- Image Processing and Computer Vision. --- Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry. --- Simulation and Modeling. --- Imaging systems --- Digital electronics --- Computer vision. --- Computer modeling --- Computer models --- Modeling, Computer --- Models, Computer --- Simulation, Computer --- Electromechanical analogies --- Mathematical models --- Simulation methods --- Model-integrated computing --- Machine vision --- Vision, Computer --- Artificial intelligence --- Image processing --- Pattern recognition systems --- Optical data processing. --- Remote-sensing imagery --- Remote sensing systems --- Remote terrain sensing --- Sensing, Remote --- Terrain sensing, Remote --- Aerial photogrammetry --- Aerospace telemetry --- Detectors --- Space optics --- Optical computing --- Visual data processing --- Bionics --- Electronic data processing --- Integrated optics --- Photonics --- Computers --- Optical equipment

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The applications of image-based measurement are many and various: image-guided surgery, mobile-robot navigation, component alignment, part inspection and photogrammetry, among others. In all these applications, landmarks are detected and located in images, and measurements made from those locations. Precision Landmark Location for Machine Vision and Photogrammetry addresses the ubiquitous problem of measurement error associated with determining the location of landmarks in images. With a detailed model of the image formation process and landmark location estimation, the Cramér–Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) theory of statistics is applied to determine the least possible measurement uncertainty in a given situation. This monograph provides the reader with: • the most complete treatment to date of precision landmark location and the engineering aspects of image capture and processing; • detailed theoretical treatment of the CRLB; • a software tool for analyzing the potential performance-specific camera/lens/algorithm configurations; • two novel algorithms which achieve precision very close to the CRLB; • an experimental method for determining the accuracy of landmark location; • downloadable MATLAB® package to assist the reader with applying theoretically-derived results to practical engineering configurations. All of this adds up to a treatment that is at once theoretically sound and eminently practical. Precision Landmark Location for Machine Vision and Photogrammetry will be of great interest to computer scientists and engineers working with and/or studying image processing and measurement. It includes cutting-edge theoretical developments and practical tools so it will appeal to research investigators and system designers.

Computer vision. --- Photogrammetry --- Digital techniques. --- Digital photogrammetric systems --- Digital photogrammetry --- DP (Digital photogrammetry) --- DPS (Digital photogrammetric systems) --- Digital electronics --- Machine vision --- Vision, Computer --- Artificial intelligence --- Image processing --- Pattern recognition systems --- Radiology, Medical. --- Statistics. --- Image Processing and Computer Vision. --- Control, Robotics, Mechatronics. --- Remote Sensing/Photogrammetry. --- Signal, Image and Speech Processing. --- Imaging / Radiology. --- Statistics for Engineering, Physics, Computer Science, Chemistry and Earth Sciences. --- Clinical radiology --- Radiology, Medical --- Radiology (Medicine) --- Medical physics --- Statistical analysis --- Statistical data --- Statistical methods --- Statistical science --- Mathematics --- Econometrics --- Optical data processing. --- Control engineering. --- Robotics. --- Mechatronics. --- Remote sensing. --- Signal processing. --- Image processing. --- Speech processing systems. --- Radiology. --- Statistics . --- Radiological physics --- Physics --- Radiation --- Computational linguistics --- Electronic systems --- Information theory --- Modulation theory --- Oral communication --- Speech --- Telecommunication --- Singing voice synthesizers --- Pictorial data processing --- Picture processing --- Processing, Image --- Imaging systems --- Optical data processing --- Processing, Signal --- Information measurement --- Signal theory (Telecommunication) --- Remote-sensing imagery --- Remote sensing systems --- Remote terrain sensing --- Sensing, Remote --- Terrain sensing, Remote --- Aerial photogrammetry --- Aerospace telemetry --- Detectors --- Space optics --- Mechanical engineering --- Microelectronics --- Microelectromechanical systems --- Automation --- Machine theory --- Control engineering --- Control equipment --- Control theory --- Engineering instruments --- Programmable controllers --- Optical computing --- Visual data processing --- Bionics --- Electronic data processing --- Integrated optics --- Photonics --- Computers --- Optical equipment

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Dear Colleagues, The composition, structure and function of forest ecosystems are the key features characterizing their ecological properties, and can thus be crucially shaped and changed by various biotic and abiotic factors on multiple spatial scales. The magnitude and extent of these changes in recent decades calls for enhanced mitigation and adaption measures. Remote sensing data and methods are the main complementary sources of up-to-date synoptic and objective information of forest ecology. Due to the inherent 3D nature of forest ecosystems, the analysis of 3D sources of remote sensing data is considered to be most appropriate for recreating the forest’s compositional, structural and functional dynamics. In this Special Issue of Forests, we published a set of state-of-the-art scientific works including experimental studies, methodological developments and model validations, all dealing with the general topic of 3D remote sensing-assisted applications in forest ecology. We showed applications in forest ecology from a broad collection of method and sensor combinations, including fusion schemes. All in all, the studies and their focuses are as broad as a forest’s ecology or the field of remote sensing and, thus, reflect the very diverse usages and directions toward which future research and practice will be directed.

normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) --- SRTMGL1 --- SPOT-6 --- urban ecology --- terrestrial laser scanner --- Lantana camara --- terrestrial laser scanning --- harvester --- product recovery --- imputation --- optimization --- multi-spectral --- function --- ZiYuan-3 stereo images --- spatial noise --- 3D remote sensing --- tree measurement --- diameter at breast height (DBH) --- DSM --- metabolic scale theory --- municipal forestry --- digital photogrammetry --- Norway spruce --- missing observations --- interrater agreement --- measurement error --- stump height --- Fractional cover analysis --- google earth engine --- high-voltage power transmission lines --- habitat fragmentation --- codispersion coefficient --- forest fire --- tree height --- nu SVR --- RapidEye --- uneven-aged mountainous --- random Hough transform --- kriging --- street trees --- ground validation --- Google Street View --- laser --- species identification --- composition --- maximum forest heights --- mountainous areas --- landscape fragmentation --- Landsat 8 --- forest canopy height --- allometric scaling and resource limitation model --- urban forestry --- point cloud --- GSV --- stump diameter --- structure --- 3D --- codispersion map --- forest ecology --- polarimetery --- crowdsourced data

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The book focuses on the techniques for UAV-based 3D mapping and its applications in varying fields since the explosive development of UAV-based photogrammetric 3D mapping and their wide applications from traditional surveying and mapping to other related fields have been witnessed in photogrammetry and remote sensing. In the last decade, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) images have become one of the most important remote sensing data sources for photogrammetric 3D mapping. Besides, the rapid development of recent techniques, e.g., SfM (Structure from Motion) for off-line image orientation, SLAM (Simultaneous Localization and Mapping) for on-line UAV navigation, and the deep learning (DL) embedded 3D reconstruction pipeline, has promoted UAV-based 3D mapping towards the direction of automation and intelligence. It is really worthy to collecting the cutting-edge techniques and reporting their promising applications.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- compound building reconstruction --- LiDAR --- point clouds --- semantic decomposition --- structure from motion --- match pair --- cycle consistency inference --- repetitive structure --- very short baseline --- high-resolution remote sensing images --- building extraction --- multiscale features --- aggregate semantic information --- feature pyramid --- spatial eight-quadrant kernel convolution --- 3D point cloud --- semantic segmentation --- indoor scene --- wide-baseline stereo image --- deep learning --- convolutional neural network --- affine invariant feature --- image matching --- photogrammetric mesh model --- building façade --- 3D reconstruction --- least square fitting --- single image super-resolution --- lightweight image super-resolution --- U-shaped residual network --- dense shortcut --- effective feature distillation --- high-frequency loss --- power lines --- UAV inspection --- red-black propagation --- depth map fusion --- PatchMatch --- digital photogrammetry --- camera self-calibration --- Brown model --- polynomial model --- aerial triangulation --- GF-7 image --- building footprint --- building height --- multi-view --- point cloud --- multi-view reconstruction --- detail preserving --- depth estimation --- surface meshing --- texture mapping --- coplanar extraction --- deep convolutional neural network --- geometric topology --- homography matrix --- airborne LiDAR --- coal mine --- surface subsidence --- deformation detection --- digital subsidence model --- compound building reconstruction --- LiDAR --- point clouds --- semantic decomposition --- structure from motion --- match pair --- cycle consistency inference --- repetitive structure --- very short baseline --- high-resolution remote sensing images --- building extraction --- multiscale features --- aggregate semantic information --- feature pyramid --- spatial eight-quadrant kernel convolution --- 3D point cloud --- semantic segmentation --- indoor scene --- wide-baseline stereo image --- deep learning --- convolutional neural network --- affine invariant feature --- image matching --- photogrammetric mesh model --- building façade --- 3D reconstruction --- least square fitting --- single image super-resolution --- lightweight image super-resolution --- U-shaped residual network --- dense shortcut --- effective feature distillation --- high-frequency loss --- power lines --- UAV inspection --- red-black propagation --- depth map fusion --- PatchMatch --- digital photogrammetry --- camera self-calibration --- Brown model --- polynomial model --- aerial triangulation --- GF-7 image --- building footprint --- building height --- multi-view --- point cloud --- multi-view reconstruction --- detail preserving --- depth estimation --- surface meshing --- texture mapping --- coplanar extraction --- deep convolutional neural network --- geometric topology --- homography matrix --- airborne LiDAR --- coal mine --- surface subsidence --- deformation detection --- digital subsidence model