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In recent years, diet- and lifestyle-related disorders have become a major health threat in Europe and worldwide. The contributions in this monograph include 2 review articles and 19 original contributions from several countries that provide new information on the existing research elucidating important aspects of children’s and adolescents’ nutrition and lifestyle behavior. The data included in this Special Issue are from large epidemiological studies, including several multicenter and multinational studies, as well as datasets from surveillance initiatives. The topics of interest of this Special Issue include the co-occurrence of multiple health behaviors in children, the role of parenting and early feeding practices, dairy consumption in childhood, validity of dietary intake data, dietary supplement use in children, as well as socioeconomic disparities and eating culture. The diverse articles in this Special Issue highlight the complexity and extent to which nutrition and physical activity behaviors may influence different health aspects of children and adolescents. As seen by the various findings and recommendations, not only is more work in this area required but the translation of this work to practice and policy is imperative if we are to address the challenges impacting the nutrition, physical activity, and health of young populations.

parent --- DAGIS Study --- noncommunicable diseases --- PANDiet index --- preschool children --- dietary assessment methods --- consumption behavior --- mothers --- children --- cholesterol --- prevention --- validation --- knowledge --- blood pressure --- determinants --- adolescents --- waist circumference --- home food environment --- eating behavior and Ile251Leu --- Emotion-Induced Eating Scale --- CEBQ --- vitamin --- early childhood --- family meals --- preschool --- breakfast --- whole diet --- migration status --- healthy diet adherence --- Healthy Eating Index --- exercise --- food and beverage consumption --- children’s-dietary inflammatory index --- food diary --- primary school --- consumption behaviors --- inflammation --- weight status --- dietary supplements --- I.Family --- dietary quality --- cluster analysis --- BMI --- reduced rank regression --- preferences --- KiGGS --- IDEFICS study --- food frequency questionnaire --- health --- Melanesian --- cardiovascular --- psychometric --- Pacific --- collaboration --- sugar-sweetened beverage --- health behaviour --- breastfeeding --- choice --- self-weight perception --- dairy --- dietary screener --- Physical activity --- growing up milk --- pediatric --- body composition --- mineral --- obesity prevention --- eating behaviour --- psychological eating style --- obesity --- food choice --- direct observation --- socioeconomic disparities --- validation study --- dietary behavior --- nutrient intake quality --- food parenting practices --- nutrition --- preschoolers --- epidemiological transition --- EsKiMo --- young populations --- intervention --- dietary habits --- child --- sweet preference --- epidemiology --- dietary intake --- nutrition risk --- formula milk --- diet --- surveillance --- energy balance-related behaviors --- sedentary behavior --- overweight --- public health --- taste preference --- calcium --- negative emotions --- vegetable intake --- MyHeARTs --- physical activity --- nutritional adequacy --- dietary pattern --- cross-classification --- diet quality --- screen time --- childhood obesity --- principal component analysis --- food intake