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The book “Building Energy Audits-Diagnosis and Retrofitting” is a collection of twelve papers that focus on the built environment in order to systematically collect and analyze relevant data for the energy use profile of buildings and extended for the sustainability assessment of the built environment. The contributions address historic buildings, baselines for non-residential buildings from energy performance audits, and from in-situ measurements, monitoring, and analysis of data, and verification of energy saving and model calibration for various building types. The works report on how to diagnose existing problems and identify priorities, assess, and quantify the opportunities and measures that improve the overall building performance and the environmental quality and well-being of occupants in non-residential buildings and houses. Several case studies and lessons learned from the field are presented to help the readers identify, quantify, and prioritize effective energy conservation and efficiency measures. Finally, a new urban sustainability audit and rating method of the built environment addresses the complexities of the various issues involved, providing practical tools that can be adapted to match local priorities in order to diagnose and evaluate the current state and future scenarios towards meeting specific sustainable development goals and local priorities.

feature selection --- prediction of energy consumption --- electricity consumption --- machine learning --- non-residential buildings --- sustainability --- buildings --- neighbourhoods --- decision-making process --- key performance indicators --- KPIs --- built environment --- audit --- assessment tools --- brick 1 --- moisture 2 --- heat flow 3 --- energetic rehabilitation 4 --- non-destructive test 5 --- energy community (EC) --- renewable energy sources (RESs) --- citizen involvement --- co-ownership in renewable energies --- nonresidential buildings --- baselines --- EUI --- energy use intensities --- carbon emission intensities --- EPCs --- energy performance certificates --- building energy simulation --- school building --- field measurements --- validation --- airing --- windows and door opening --- occupancy behaviour --- energy efficiency measures --- retrofitting --- thermo-modernization --- final energy --- primary energy --- energy consumption --- home energy management system --- human comfort factor --- thermal comfort --- visual comfort --- demand response --- energy performance --- energy audits --- school buildings --- indoor climate --- HeLLo --- energy retrofit --- non-destructive test --- in situ --- hygrothermal measurement --- dynamic conditions --- hygrothermal simulation --- historic wall --- daylight --- lighting control --- lighting --- occupant preferences --- occupant satisfaction --- photosensor --- post-occupancy evaluation --- survey --- single-family houses --- embodied energy --- operational energy --- benchmarks --- renovations --- energy use intensity (EUI) --- embodied energy intensity (EEI) --- energy recovery time

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The book “Building Energy Audits-Diagnosis and Retrofitting” is a collection of twelve papers that focus on the built environment in order to systematically collect and analyze relevant data for the energy use profile of buildings and extended for the sustainability assessment of the built environment. The contributions address historic buildings, baselines for non-residential buildings from energy performance audits, and from in-situ measurements, monitoring, and analysis of data, and verification of energy saving and model calibration for various building types. The works report on how to diagnose existing problems and identify priorities, assess, and quantify the opportunities and measures that improve the overall building performance and the environmental quality and well-being of occupants in non-residential buildings and houses. Several case studies and lessons learned from the field are presented to help the readers identify, quantify, and prioritize effective energy conservation and efficiency measures. Finally, a new urban sustainability audit and rating method of the built environment addresses the complexities of the various issues involved, providing practical tools that can be adapted to match local priorities in order to diagnose and evaluate the current state and future scenarios towards meeting specific sustainable development goals and local priorities.

Research & information: general --- feature selection --- prediction of energy consumption --- electricity consumption --- machine learning --- non-residential buildings --- sustainability --- buildings --- neighbourhoods --- decision-making process --- key performance indicators --- KPIs --- built environment --- audit --- assessment tools --- brick 1 --- moisture 2 --- heat flow 3 --- energetic rehabilitation 4 --- non-destructive test 5 --- energy community (EC) --- renewable energy sources (RESs) --- citizen involvement --- co-ownership in renewable energies --- nonresidential buildings --- baselines --- EUI --- energy use intensities --- carbon emission intensities --- EPCs --- energy performance certificates --- building energy simulation --- school building --- field measurements --- validation --- airing --- windows and door opening --- occupancy behaviour --- energy efficiency measures --- retrofitting --- thermo-modernization --- final energy --- primary energy --- energy consumption --- home energy management system --- human comfort factor --- thermal comfort --- visual comfort --- demand response --- energy performance --- energy audits --- school buildings --- indoor climate --- HeLLo --- energy retrofit --- non-destructive test --- in situ --- hygrothermal measurement --- dynamic conditions --- hygrothermal simulation --- historic wall --- daylight --- lighting control --- lighting --- occupant preferences --- occupant satisfaction --- photosensor --- post-occupancy evaluation --- survey --- single-family houses --- embodied energy --- operational energy --- benchmarks --- renovations --- energy use intensity (EUI) --- embodied energy intensity (EEI) --- energy recovery time

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The Special Issue, “Architectural Structure,” aims to gather general advances in human-made constructions which simultaneously are driven by aesthetic and structural engineering considerations. This Special Issue brings together twelve contributions covering the following topics: analysis of architectural typologies; the study of the mechanical performance of structural materials, structural systems and components; and the proposal of techniques to evaluate the mechanical performance in existing structures and new construction techniques.

History of engineering & technology --- recycled aggregate concrete --- block masonry --- compressive strength --- carbon emission --- stress–strain curves --- outrigger wall --- multiple openings --- deep beam --- stiffness --- shear strength --- tall building --- inverted multi tee --- prestressed concrete --- precast concrete --- structural performance --- flexural analysis --- self-compacting concrete --- non-destructive test methods --- ultrasonic pulse velocity test --- surface hardness test --- pull-out test --- maturity test --- within-test variability --- normal vibrated concrete --- concrete structures --- beams &amp --- girders --- torsion --- high-strength concrete --- prestressing --- traditional slabs --- ceramic-reinforced slabs --- shear response --- cyclic loading --- natural fiber-reinforced polymers --- NFRP --- computational design --- tailored fiber placement --- coreless filament winding --- rapid prototyping --- industry 4.0 --- lightweight structure --- Geopolymer --- Alkali activated --- tensile strength --- deformability --- experimental study --- analytical model --- reinforced concrete --- beams --- fly ash alkali activated --- bending --- thin-walled I-section --- continuous beam --- local buckling --- longitudinal stress variation --- design ultimate resistance of the cross-section --- Rudolf Steiner --- anthroposophy --- architecture --- Goetheanum --- double-steel-concrete composite shear walls --- axial and bending capacity --- failure characteristic --- n/a --- stress-strain curves

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In this era of technological progress and given the need for welfare and safety, everything that is manufactured and maintained must comply with such needs. We would all like to live in a safe house that will not collapse on us. We would all like to walk on a safe road and never see a chasm open in front of us. We would all like to cross a bridge and reach the other side safely. We all would like to feel safe and secure when taking a plane, ship, train, or using any equipment. All this may be possible with the adoption of adequate manufacturing processes, with non-destructive inspection of final parts and monitoring during the in-service life of components. Above all, maintenance should be imperative. This requires effective non-destructive testing techniques and procedures. This Special Issue is a collection of some of the latest research in these areas, aiming to highlight new ideas and ways to deal with challenging issues worldwide. Different types of materials and structures are considered, different non-destructive testing techniques are employed with new approaches for data treatment proposed as well as numerical simulations. This can serve as food for thought for the community involved in the inspection of materials and structures as well as condition monitoring.

reinforce concrete --- rebar --- defect --- self-magnetic behavior --- magnetic flux density --- probability paper method --- Passive Magnetic Inspection (PMI) --- aluminum alloy wheel --- X-ray --- nondestructive testing --- defect detection --- adaptive threshold --- morphological reconstruction --- non-destructive inspection --- laser ultrasonic imaging --- Lamb wave --- delamination --- composite laminate --- frescoed surfaces --- non-destructive test --- plaster detachment --- impact hammer test --- historical masonry building --- thick multilayer composites --- discrete defects --- ultrasonic pulse echo --- nondestructive testing (NDT) --- recurrence plot (RP) --- recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) --- statistical results --- chaotic behavior --- phased array ultrasonic --- composites --- signal sensitivity --- diffuse ultrasonic waves --- cross-ply fiber reinforced composite --- defect localization --- non-destructive tests --- damage assessment --- residual properties --- Finite Element Method --- Damage Index --- non-destructive damage detection --- steel wire ropes --- review --- electromagnetic detection --- optical detection --- ultrasonic guided wave --- basalt fibers --- polyamide --- polypropylene --- impact damage --- lock-in thermography --- ultrasonic testing --- debonding --- composite damage --- electromechanical impedance --- piezoelectric --- FEM simulation --- non-destructive testing evaluation --- infrared thermography testing --- image enhancement --- n/a

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• Reference Manager
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In this era of technological progress and given the need for welfare and safety, everything that is manufactured and maintained must comply with such needs. We would all like to live in a safe house that will not collapse on us. We would all like to walk on a safe road and never see a chasm open in front of us. We would all like to cross a bridge and reach the other side safely. We all would like to feel safe and secure when taking a plane, ship, train, or using any equipment. All this may be possible with the adoption of adequate manufacturing processes, with non-destructive inspection of final parts and monitoring during the in-service life of components. Above all, maintenance should be imperative. This requires effective non-destructive testing techniques and procedures. This Special Issue is a collection of some of the latest research in these areas, aiming to highlight new ideas and ways to deal with challenging issues worldwide. Different types of materials and structures are considered, different non-destructive testing techniques are employed with new approaches for data treatment proposed as well as numerical simulations. This can serve as food for thought for the community involved in the inspection of materials and structures as well as condition monitoring.

History of engineering & technology --- reinforce concrete --- rebar --- defect --- self-magnetic behavior --- magnetic flux density --- probability paper method --- Passive Magnetic Inspection (PMI) --- aluminum alloy wheel --- X-ray --- nondestructive testing --- defect detection --- adaptive threshold --- morphological reconstruction --- non-destructive inspection --- laser ultrasonic imaging --- Lamb wave --- delamination --- composite laminate --- frescoed surfaces --- non-destructive test --- plaster detachment --- impact hammer test --- historical masonry building --- thick multilayer composites --- discrete defects --- ultrasonic pulse echo --- nondestructive testing (NDT) --- recurrence plot (RP) --- recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) --- statistical results --- chaotic behavior --- phased array ultrasonic --- composites --- signal sensitivity --- diffuse ultrasonic waves --- cross-ply fiber reinforced composite --- defect localization --- non-destructive tests --- damage assessment --- residual properties --- Finite Element Method --- Damage Index --- non-destructive damage detection --- steel wire ropes --- review --- electromagnetic detection --- optical detection --- ultrasonic guided wave --- basalt fibers --- polyamide --- polypropylene --- impact damage --- lock-in thermography --- ultrasonic testing --- debonding --- composite damage --- electromechanical impedance --- piezoelectric --- FEM simulation --- non-destructive testing evaluation --- infrared thermography testing --- image enhancement --- reinforce concrete --- rebar --- defect --- self-magnetic behavior --- magnetic flux density --- probability paper method --- Passive Magnetic Inspection (PMI) --- aluminum alloy wheel --- X-ray --- nondestructive testing --- defect detection --- adaptive threshold --- morphological reconstruction --- non-destructive inspection --- laser ultrasonic imaging --- Lamb wave --- delamination --- composite laminate --- frescoed surfaces --- non-destructive test --- plaster detachment --- impact hammer test --- historical masonry building --- thick multilayer composites --- discrete defects --- ultrasonic pulse echo --- nondestructive testing (NDT) --- recurrence plot (RP) --- recurrence quantification analysis (RQA) --- statistical results --- chaotic behavior --- phased array ultrasonic --- composites --- signal sensitivity --- diffuse ultrasonic waves --- cross-ply fiber reinforced composite --- defect localization --- non-destructive tests --- damage assessment --- residual properties --- Finite Element Method --- Damage Index --- non-destructive damage detection --- steel wire ropes --- review --- electromagnetic detection --- optical detection --- ultrasonic guided wave --- basalt fibers --- polyamide --- polypropylene --- impact damage --- lock-in thermography --- ultrasonic testing --- debonding --- composite damage --- electromechanical impedance --- piezoelectric --- FEM simulation --- non-destructive testing evaluation --- infrared thermography testing --- image enhancement