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Freshwater macroinvertebrates play a crucial role in linking sediments and their processes to the food web. Indeed, environmental modifications (e.g., nitrogen deposition, salinity, and temperature increase), pollution (e.g., pesticides and heavy metals), and introduction of alien species are the main drivers of changes that are affecting their communities. This Special Issue aims to present the past and present knowledge on freshwater macroinvertebrates to understand their role as providers of ecosystem services, to highlight the effects of global changes on their community (in the short and long term), and to underline major gaps in their study. Finally, in order to tackle the currently unsustainable use of freshwater natural capital, we welcome ideas and expert opinions on the development of future research linked to national and international regulations.

biological quality element --- chemical analysis --- Chironomus riparius --- DDTs --- legacy contaminants --- PCBs --- POP --- standard ecotoxicological tests --- Water Framework Directive --- lakes --- invasion biology --- non-indigenous species --- Procambarus Clarkii --- Pacifastacus Leniusculus --- Orconectes Limosus --- snails --- endemic species --- invasive species --- random forest model --- multivariate analysis --- partial dependence analysis --- calcrete aquifer --- epikarst --- hyporheal --- hypotelminorheal --- stygobiont --- bioassessment --- temporal trend --- altitude --- climate --- insects --- grain-size --- sediment --- macroinvertebrates --- ecological status --- multimetric indices --- coevolution --- epizoosis --- grazing --- periphyton --- scrapers --- indices and metrics --- sediment quality --- St. Lawrence River --- highly humic lakes --- ecological status assessment --- saprobic index --- general degradation index

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Optics and photonics are among the key technologies of the 21st century, and offer potential for novel applications in areas such as sensing and spectroscopy, analytics, monitoring, biomedical imaging/diagnostics, and optical communication technology. The high degree of control over light fields, together with the capabilities of modern processing and integration technology, enables new optical measurement systems with enhanced functionality and sensitivity. They are attractive for a range of applications that were previously inaccessible. This Special Issue aims to provide an overview of some of the most advanced application areas in optics and photonics and indicate the broad potential for the future.

Technology: general issues --- optical --- electric-field --- sensor --- measurement --- transient voltage --- AC power grid --- Pockels effect --- dermatoscopy --- skin screening --- biomedical imaging --- fiber optic sensor --- Sagnac loop --- intensity-modulated --- DWDM --- strain sensor --- structural health monitoring (SHM) --- functionalized carbon structure (FCS) --- carbon reinforced concrete (CRC) --- fiber optic sensor (FOS) --- optical glass fiber --- wavefront sensor --- spatial light modulator --- contour-sum method --- topological charge --- orbital angular momentum --- optical coherence tomography --- Monte Carlo simulation --- structural imaging --- functional sensing --- optical scatterometry --- inverse problem --- profile reconstruction --- dependence analysis --- data refinement --- electro-optic dual-comb interferometry --- laser Doppler velocimetry --- Traceability --- sub-nanosecond laser --- high peak power --- Nd:YVO4 --- stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) --- thermal fracture --- wireless NoC (WiNoC) --- graphene based WiNoCs (GWiNoCs) --- wireless nanosensor networks (WNSNs) --- surface plasmon polariton (SPP) --- GFET --- multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) --- graphennas --- THz transceiver --- Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM) --- Few-Mode Fiber (FMF) --- principle mode groups (PMG) --- Bragg grating (BG) --- multi-mode fiber bragg grating --- multi-parameter sensing --- DAS --- fiber optic sensing --- train tracking --- pattern recognition --- hybrid lens --- optical wireless communications --- Li-Fi --- freeform lens --- optic design --- rotary interfaces --- rotary joint --- wireless rotary electrical interface --- rotating electrical connectors --- full-duplex data transfer --- Gigabit-Ethernet --- industrial communications --- real-time --- pathogen detection --- microfluidics --- image processing --- computational algorithms --- integrated optics and photonics --- integrated polymer optics --- organic laser --- integration --- polymeric waveguide --- Lab-on-a-Chip --- fiber optical sensing --- biosensing --- optofluidics --- integrated optics and photoncis --- optical analytics --- medical imaging and diagnostics --- optical communication technology --- distributed sensing

Choose an application

• Reference Manager
• EndNote
• RefWorks (Direct export to RefWorks)

Optics and photonics are among the key technologies of the 21st century, and offer potential for novel applications in areas such as sensing and spectroscopy, analytics, monitoring, biomedical imaging/diagnostics, and optical communication technology. The high degree of control over light fields, together with the capabilities of modern processing and integration technology, enables new optical measurement systems with enhanced functionality and sensitivity. They are attractive for a range of applications that were previously inaccessible. This Special Issue aims to provide an overview of some of the most advanced application areas in optics and photonics and indicate the broad potential for the future.

Technology: general issues --- optical --- electric-field --- sensor --- measurement --- transient voltage --- AC power grid --- Pockels effect --- dermatoscopy --- skin screening --- biomedical imaging --- fiber optic sensor --- Sagnac loop --- intensity-modulated --- DWDM --- strain sensor --- structural health monitoring (SHM) --- functionalized carbon structure (FCS) --- carbon reinforced concrete (CRC) --- fiber optic sensor (FOS) --- optical glass fiber --- wavefront sensor --- spatial light modulator --- contour-sum method --- topological charge --- orbital angular momentum --- optical coherence tomography --- Monte Carlo simulation --- structural imaging --- functional sensing --- optical scatterometry --- inverse problem --- profile reconstruction --- dependence analysis --- data refinement --- electro-optic dual-comb interferometry --- laser Doppler velocimetry --- Traceability --- sub-nanosecond laser --- high peak power --- Nd:YVO4 --- stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) --- thermal fracture --- wireless NoC (WiNoC) --- graphene based WiNoCs (GWiNoCs) --- wireless nanosensor networks (WNSNs) --- surface plasmon polariton (SPP) --- GFET --- multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) --- graphennas --- THz transceiver --- Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM) --- Few-Mode Fiber (FMF) --- principle mode groups (PMG) --- Bragg grating (BG) --- multi-mode fiber bragg grating --- multi-parameter sensing --- DAS --- fiber optic sensing --- train tracking --- pattern recognition --- hybrid lens --- optical wireless communications --- Li-Fi --- freeform lens --- optic design --- rotary interfaces --- rotary joint --- wireless rotary electrical interface --- rotating electrical connectors --- full-duplex data transfer --- Gigabit-Ethernet --- industrial communications --- real-time --- pathogen detection --- microfluidics --- image processing --- computational algorithms --- integrated optics and photonics --- integrated polymer optics --- organic laser --- integration --- polymeric waveguide --- Lab-on-a-Chip --- fiber optical sensing --- biosensing --- optofluidics --- integrated optics and photoncis --- optical analytics --- medical imaging and diagnostics --- optical communication technology --- distributed sensing --- optical --- electric-field --- sensor --- measurement --- transient voltage --- AC power grid --- Pockels effect --- dermatoscopy --- skin screening --- biomedical imaging --- fiber optic sensor --- Sagnac loop --- intensity-modulated --- DWDM --- strain sensor --- structural health monitoring (SHM) --- functionalized carbon structure (FCS) --- carbon reinforced concrete (CRC) --- fiber optic sensor (FOS) --- optical glass fiber --- wavefront sensor --- spatial light modulator --- contour-sum method --- topological charge --- orbital angular momentum --- optical coherence tomography --- Monte Carlo simulation --- structural imaging --- functional sensing --- optical scatterometry --- inverse problem --- profile reconstruction --- dependence analysis --- data refinement --- electro-optic dual-comb interferometry --- laser Doppler velocimetry --- Traceability --- sub-nanosecond laser --- high peak power --- Nd:YVO4 --- stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) --- thermal fracture --- wireless NoC (WiNoC) --- graphene based WiNoCs (GWiNoCs) --- wireless nanosensor networks (WNSNs) --- surface plasmon polariton (SPP) --- GFET --- multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) --- graphennas --- THz transceiver --- Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM) --- Few-Mode Fiber (FMF) --- principle mode groups (PMG) --- Bragg grating (BG) --- multi-mode fiber bragg grating --- multi-parameter sensing --- DAS --- fiber optic sensing --- train tracking --- pattern recognition --- hybrid lens --- optical wireless communications --- Li-Fi --- freeform lens --- optic design --- rotary interfaces --- rotary joint --- wireless rotary electrical interface --- rotating electrical connectors --- full-duplex data transfer --- Gigabit-Ethernet --- industrial communications --- real-time --- pathogen detection --- microfluidics --- image processing --- computational algorithms --- integrated optics and photonics --- integrated polymer optics --- organic laser --- integration --- polymeric waveguide --- Lab-on-a-Chip --- fiber optical sensing --- biosensing --- optofluidics --- integrated optics and photoncis --- optical analytics --- medical imaging and diagnostics --- optical communication technology --- distributed sensing