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Recent advances in the neuroimaging field areas allow us to visualize the aggregate of neural connections at the macroscopic level within the brain, the so-called “connectome”. In order to promote the development of the neurophysiological investigation of connectome of brain oscillations, this eBook aims at bringing together contributions from researchers in basic and clinical neuroscience using EEG and MEG connectome analysis. The most important focal point will be to address the functional roles of connectome of brain oscillations in contributing to understandings of higher cognitive processes in normal subjects and pathophysiology of psychiatric diseases. This Research Topic presented novel methodologies and various applications of neurophysiological connectome analysis. As a result, these papers were cited more than 120 times in these four years in total and threw light and impact on new directions for investigating the connectome of human brain.

iCoh --- connectivity --- Default Mode Network --- EEG --- ICA --- Frontal Midline Theta --- connectome --- LORETA --- Alzheimer's disease --- MEG

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

epilepsy --- fMRI --- functional connectivity --- default mode network --- interictal epileptiform discharge --- EEG --- computational modeling and simulation --- seizure prediction

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The brain's ability to process information crucially relies on connectivity. Understanding how the brain processes complex information and how such abilities are disrupted in individuals with neuropsychological disorders will require an improved understanding of brain connectivity. Autism is an intriguingly complex neurodevelopmental disorder with multidimensional symptoms and cognitive characteristics. A biological origin for autism spectrum disorders (ASD) had been proposed even in the earliest published accounts (Kanner, 1943; Asperger, 1944). Despite decades of research, a focal neurobiological marker for autism has been elusive. Nevertheless, disruptions in interregional and functional and anatomical connectivity have been a hallmark of neural functioning in ASD. Theoretical accounts of connectivity perceive ASD as a cognitive and neurobiological disorder associated with altered functioning of integrative circuitry. Neuroimaging studies have reported disruptions in functional connectivity (synchronization of activated brain areas) during cognitive tasks and during task-free resting states. While these insights are valuable, they do not address the time-lagged causality and directionality of such correlations. Despite the general promise of the connectivity account of ASD, inconsistencies and methodological differences among studies call for more thorough investigations. A comprehensive neurological account of ASD should incorporate functional, effective, and anatomical connectivity measures and test the diagnostic utility of such measures. In addition, questions pertaining to how cognitive and behavioral intervention can target connection abnormalities in ASD should be addressed. This research topic of the Frontiers in Human Neuroscience will address “Brain Connectivity in Autism” primarily from cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging perspective.

Autism --- Neurosciences. --- Neuroimaging --- Research. --- fMRI --- Pattern Classification --- white matter --- resting state --- development --- functional connectivity --- Brain connectivity --- Default Mode Network --- Autism Spectrum Disorders --- Diffusion Tensor Imaging

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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is an age-related neurological disease that affects tens of millions of people, in addition to their carers. Hallmark features of AD include plaques composed of amyloid beta, as well as neurofibrillary tangles of tau protein. However, despite more than a century of study, the cause of Alzheimer’s disease remains unresolved. The roles of amyloid beta and tau are being questioned and other causes of AD are now under consideration. The contributions of researchers, model organisms, and various hypotheses will be examined in this Special Issue.

HOTAIR --- neurosciences --- sleep disturbance --- positron emission tomography (PET) --- vitamin B complex --- neurodegeneration --- Tau --- miR-15/107 --- default-mode network --- complement receptor 1 --- neuronal differentiation --- epigenetics --- brain glucose metabolism --- oligomerization --- genetic risk --- A?O receptors --- prion --- ryanodine receptor --- type 3 diabetes --- complement --- cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia --- cognitive function --- epigenome-wide association study --- Alzheimer’s disease --- calcium signaling --- ?-secretase --- tau --- Prolyl isomerases --- NEAT1 --- complement C3b/C4b receptor --- proteostasis --- amyloid beta --- yeast --- slow-wave sleep --- amyloid ? --- nutrition --- 4 --- protein aggregation --- apolipoprotein E --- dementia --- MALAT1 --- inositol 1 --- lncRNAs --- molecular biology --- methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase MTHFR gene --- 5-trisphosphate receptor --- CR1 density --- miR-34c --- aggregation --- heat shock protein --- dendritic spine --- S-adenosylmethionine --- beta amyloid --- ion channel --- inflammation --- sleep fragmentation --- cystathionine-?-lyase CTH gene --- DNA methylation --- heat shock response --- microglia --- drug target discovery --- amyloid-? oligomer --- therapy --- CR1 length polymorphism --- methylome --- APOE gene --- ubiquitin --- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) --- neuronal degeneration --- type 2 diabetes --- Pin1 --- mild cognitive impairment --- dairy products --- endoplasmic reticulum --- oxidative stress --- Hispanics --- CDK5R1

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Societal views on the human rights of persons with disabilities have significantly changed over the last four decades. However, while achieving equality, autonomy, nondiscrimination, participation, and inclusion should be a priority, abuses and violations of rights often occur in the most immediate environments of people with intellectual disability. This book is intended to provide greater visibility to people with intellectual disability, as full subjects of rights and improve their quality of life from a perspective of human rights, citizenship, and contextual analysis. We discuss the role of context, the provision of inclusive environments, and the improved health status at promoting quality of life-related personal outcomes and enhancing quality of life and equality for people with intellectual disability.

Humanities --- Social interaction --- health promotion --- lifestyle --- settings approach --- health assets --- intellectual disability --- community participation --- inclusive research --- context-based interventions --- empowerment --- inclusion --- context --- change strategies --- conceptual models --- human functioning --- human rights --- person–environment fit --- quality of life --- valued outcomes --- chronic health conditions --- health --- aging --- context-based intervention --- social-ecological model of disability --- supports paradigm --- support needs --- support needs assessment --- rights --- Supports intensity scale (SIS) --- CRPD --- assessment --- indicators --- convention --- developmental disabilities --- personal outcomes --- PRISMA --- self-determination --- opportunities --- mediation analysis --- causal agency --- volitional action --- agentic action --- action-control beliefs --- choice --- Default Mode Network --- functional connectivity --- Down syndrome --- resting fMRI --- Quality of Life --- family quality of life --- disability --- early childhood intervention --- conceptualization --- measurement --- attitudes toward ID --- mainstream teachers --- special-education teachers --- ATTID --- training --- support --- communication support needs --- Family Quality of Life --- intellectual and developmental disabilities --- Family Quality of Life Scale --- measure --- Spanish Family Quality of Life Scales --- CdVF-ER &gt --- 18 --- CdVF-ER &lt