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Coastal systems are unique environments that provide socioeconomic benefits via a variety of different functions. These functions are influenced by changing morphology, which results from erosion and sedimentation at different spatiotemporal scales, from both natural forcing and human interventions. Additionally, interactions between coastal processes and coastal engineering works leads to both positive and negative impacts. These dynamics are expected to continually change with flood and erosion hazards increasing in the future due to changes in sea level rise and wave climate, and the acceleration of anthropogenic effects. Understanding the forcing factors, natural morphodynamic evolution, and response to potential future scenarios will help coastal policy makers to define suitable adaptation strategies and to assure the sustainable use of coastal systems, which allows us to further enjoy the numerous socioeconomic and environmental benefits.

Technology: general issues --- History of engineering & technology --- XBeach --- morphology --- morphodynamics --- reef --- storm --- current jets --- Western Australia --- wetland --- salt marsh --- degradation --- satellite time series --- self-organisation --- morphodynamic feedback --- geospatial --- shingle beach --- coastal catch-up --- longshore transport --- marsh cliff erosion --- overwash --- overtopping --- barrier stability --- back barrier marsh --- Barrier Inertia --- Delft3D --- long-term --- two-channel --- dune erosion --- land-based biomass --- dune vegetation --- model scaling --- large-scale --- field experiments --- nature-based solutions --- sand trapping fences --- dune toe volume changes --- foredune recovery --- unmanned aerial vehicle --- cliff retreat --- littoral sediment --- sediment budget --- coastal protection --- sediment-starved environment --- Baltic Sea --- wave impacts --- sea level rise --- macro-tidal coast --- SWAN --- numerical modelling --- sand net device --- Authie estuary --- meandering river --- erosion --- sedimentation --- roller dynamics --- storm erosion --- n/a