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Molière, Beckett, Kandinsky, Pina Bausch, Gainsbourg, Mahler, Dalí… : les noms de trente artistes couvrant la plupart des formes artistiques, des plus populaires aux plus légitimes, ont été proposés dans le cadre de l’enquête Pratiques culturelles des Français en 1988 et en 2008, afin de disposer, au-delà des pratiques, d’une mesure des connaissances artistiques des Français. Chaque personne interrogée devait indiquer si elle les connaissait et, le cas échéant, quelle était son opinion à leur égard. La comparaison des résultats à vingt ans d’écart montre que la proportion de Français déclarant spontanément connaître les artistes de la liste ne serait-ce que de nom a progressé en vingt ans dans la grande majorité des cas, mais que la véritable connaissance, en revanche, mesurée par la capacité à préciser le domaine d’activité de l’artiste, est restée stable. Cette stabilité masque une double dynamique générationnelle : la connaissance des artistes a progressé parmi les générations nées avant la moitié des années 1960 mais recule parmi les jeunes générations âgées de moins de 45 ans. Cette érosion générationnelle concerne tous les noms de la liste relevant de la culture scolaire ou classique, à l’exception des grands noms du patrimoine artistique – Molière, Mozart et Van Gogh – dont la notoriété a progressé : ainsi Flaubert, Nerval mais aussi Mahler ou Boulez sont non seulement moins connus des jeunes générations mais également moins appréciés, signe d’un effacement relatif de la légitimité de la culture scolaire ou cultivée. Molière, Beckett, Kandinsky, Pina Bausch, Gainsbourg, Mahler and Dalí are amongst the names of thirty artists covering a wide variety of artistic forms, from popular culture to high culture, listed in the 1988 and 2008 surveys on Pratiques culturelles des Français (French cultural practices),designed to go beyond practices to examine the general cultural knowledge in the French population. Each person surveyed is asked to state whether they…
Sociology --- Cultural studies --- cultural participation --- cultural knowledge --- generation --- pratiques culturelles --- connaissances culturelles --- analyse générationnelle --- génération --- artistes
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L’étude Cultures croisées analyse les références culturelles communes et réciproques − une approche de l’interculturalité − des Allemands, des Italiens et des Français en matière de patrimoine architectural, historique, littéraire, cinématographique, théâtral et lyrique et sur des références ou des figures de la culture populaire. Conduite auprès de 4 500 personnes dans les trois populations, cette enquête, inédite dans son domaine et par son ampleur, cherche à sonder le fondement commun des cultures en Europe, d’une culture européenne ou de l’identité culturelle européenne par la culture. Les résultats confirment la corrélation des connaissances et du niveau d’éducation, mettent en évidence la prégnance des stéréotypes sur les peuples et l’absence d’une véritable culture commune. L’existence de quelques références transnationales massivement partagées montre néanmoins que l’interculturalité, qui suppose la connaissance des autres peuples, n'est pas hors de portée. L’étude invite à repenser objectifs, méthodes et outils de l’interculturalité européenne. Mit einem Ansatz der Interkulturalität analysiert die Studie Kreuzung der Kulturen die gemeinsamen und gegenseitigen kulturellen Referenzen der Deutschen, Italiener und Franzosen in Bezug auf das architektonische, historische, literarische, lyrische, Film- und Theatererbe sowie Referenzen oder Persönlichkeiten der Volkskul- tur. Im Rahmen dieser Studie wurden in den drei Ländern 4.500 Personen befragt. Die aufgrund ihres Themas und Umfangs einmalige Studie will das gemeinsame Fundament der Kulturen in Europa, einer europäischen Kultur oder der kulturellen europäischen Identität durch die Kultur erforschen. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen den engen Zusammenhang zwischen Kenntnis und Bildungsniveau, sie heben die Prägnanz von Stereotypen auf die Völker hervor und dass es keine wirklich gemeinsame Kultur gibt. Aber das Bestehen einiger weit verbreiteter transnationaler Referenzen belegt, dass die Interkulturalität, die…
Sociology --- Cultural studies --- analyse comparative --- connaissances culturelles --- pratiques culturelles --- Allemagne --- Europe --- France --- Italie --- stéréotypes --- cultural knowledge --- comparative analysis --- cultural participation
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The Crossing Cultures study takes an intercultural approach to the analysis of common and mutual cultural references shared by the German, Italian and French people in areas such as architectural, historical, literary, cinematographic, theatrical and musical heritage, as well as popular cultural references or figures. Polling 4,500 people across the three countries, this survey is original in scope and content: it seeks to survey the common foundation of cultures within Europe, the foundation of a European culture or of the European identity through culture. The results confirm a correlation between knowledge and educational level, and also highlight the per- sistence of national stereotypes and the lack of any genuine common culture. Nevertheless, the existence of several very widely shared transnational references demonstrates that interculturality, which presupposes a knowledge of other peoples, is not entirely out of reach. The study encourages us to reassess the aims, methods and tools of European interculturality. L’étude Cultures croisées analyse les références culturelles communes et réciproques − une approche de l’interculturalité − des Allemands, des Italiens et des Français en matière de patrimoine architectural, historique, littéraire, cinématographique, théâtral et lyrique et sur des références ou des figures de la culture populaire. Conduite auprès de 4 500 personnes dans les trois populations, cette enquête, inédite dans son domaine et par son ampleur, cherche à sonder le fondement commun des cultures en Europe, d’une culture européenne ou de l’identité culturelle européenne par la culture. Les résultats confirment la corrélation des connaissances et du niveau d’éducation, mettent en évidence la prégnance des stéréotypes sur les peuples et l’absence d’une véritable culture commune. L’existence de quelques références transnationales massivement partagées montre néanmoins que l’interculturalité, qui suppose la connaissance des autres peuples, n'est…
Sociology --- Cultural studies --- analyse comparative --- connaissances culturelles --- pratiques culturelles --- Allemagne --- Europe --- France --- interculturalité --- Italie --- stéréotypes --- comparative analysis --- cultural participation --- cultural knowledge
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Lo studio Incrocio di culture analizza le differenze culturali comuni e reciproche − un approccio all’inter- culturalità − di tedeschi, italiani e francesi in materia di patrimonio architettonico, storico, letterario, cinemato- grafico, teatrale e lirico e sui riferimenti o le figure della cultura popolare. L’inchiesta è stata condotta su 4.500 persone appartenenti alle tre popolazioni: si tratta di un’iniziativa inedita nel proprio ambito e per portata, che mira a sondare il fondamento comune delle culture in Europa, di una cultura europea o dell’identità culturale europea mediante la cultura. I risultati confermano la correlazione delle conoscenze e del livello di istruzione, mettono in evidenza la pregnanza degli stereotipi sui popoli e l’assenza di una vera e propria cultura comune. L’esistenza di alcuni riferimenti transnazionali fortemente condivisi mostra tuttavia che l’interculturalità, che suppone la conoscenza degli altri popoli, non è irraggiungibile. Lo studio invita pertanto a ripensare gli obiet- tivi, i metodi e gli strumenti dell’interculturalità europea. Mit einem Ansatz der Interkulturalität analysiert die Studie Kreuzung der Kulturen die gemeinsamen und gegenseitigen kulturellen Referenzen der Deutschen, Italiener und Franzosen in Bezug auf das architektonische, historische, literarische, lyrische, Film- und Theatererbe sowie Referenzen oder Persönlichkeiten der Volkskultur. Im Rahmen dieser Studie wurden in den drei Ländern 4.500 Personen befragt. Die aufgrund ihres Themas und Umfangs einmalige Studie will das gemeinsame Fundament der Kulturen in Europa, einer europäischen Kultur oder der kulturellen europäischen Identität durch die Kultur erforschen. Die Ergebnisse bestätigen den engen Zusammenhang zwischen Kenntnis und Bildungsniveau, sie heben die Prägnanz von Stereotypen auf die Völker hervor und dass es keine wirklich gemeinsame Kultur gibt. Aber das Bestehen einiger weit verbreiteter transnationaler Referenzen belegt, dass die…
Sociology --- Cultural studies --- comparative analysis --- cultural knowledge --- cultural participation --- Allemagne --- analyse comparative --- pratiques culturelles --- Europe --- France --- interculturalité --- Italie --- stéréotypes --- Analyse --- Kultur --- Verständnis
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Imagine trying to tell someone something about yourself and your desires for which there are no words. What if the mere attempt at expression was bound to misfire, to efface the truth of that ineluctable something? In Someone, Michael Lucey considers characters from twentieth-century French literary texts whose sexual forms prove difficult to conceptualize or represent. The characters expressing these "misfit" sexualities gravitate towards same-sex encounters. Yet they differ in subtle but crucial ways from mainstream gay or lesbian identities-whether because of a discordance between gender identity and sexuality, practices specific to a certain place and time, or the fleetingness or non-exclusivity of desire. Investigating works by Simone de Beauvoir, Colette, Jean Genet, and others, Lucey probes both the range of same-sex sexual forms in twentieth-century France and the innovative literary language authors have used to explore these evanescent forms. As a portrait of fragile sexualities that involve awkward and delicate maneuvers and modes of articulation, Someone reveals just how messy the ways in which we experience and perceive sexuality remain, even to ourselves.
French literature --- Homosexuality in literature. --- Sex in literature. --- History and criticism. --- implicit cultural knowledge. --- language-in-use. --- linguistic anthropology. --- literary history. --- literary sociology. --- pragmatics. --- same-sex sexualities. --- sexual culture.
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Ecuador --- Equateur --- Politics and government --- Periodicals --- Social conditions --- Politique et gouvernement --- Périodiques --- Conditions sociales --- Politics and government. --- Social conditions. --- Since 1984 --- Ecuador. --- Social Sciences --- Public Policy & Administration --- cultural knowledge --- politics --- social problems --- economic debate --- policies --- Latin America --- Ėkvador --- Equador --- Republic of Ecuador --- República del Ecuador --- Social sciences --- latin america
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Of all the horrors human beings perpetrate, genocide stands near the top of the list. Its toll is staggering: well over 100 million dead worldwide. Why Did They Kill? is one of the first anthropological attempts to analyze the origins of genocide. In it, Alexander Hinton focuses on the devastation that took place in Cambodia from April 1975 to January 1979 under the Khmer Rouge in order to explore why mass murder happens and what motivates perpetrators to kill. Basing his analysis on years of investigative work in Cambodia, Hinton finds parallels between the Khmer Rouge and the Nazi regimes. Policies in Cambodia resulted in the deaths of over 1.7 million of that country's 8 million inhabitants-almost a quarter of the population--who perished from starvation, overwork, illness, malnutrition, and execution. Hinton considers this violence in light of a number of dynamics, including the ways in which difference is manufactured, how identity and meaning are constructed, and how emotionally resonant forms of cultural knowledge are incorporated into genocidal ideologies.
GENOCIDE -- 327.6 --- POLITICAL ATROCITIES -- 327.6 --- CAMBODIA -- 327.6 --- Political atrocities --- Genocide --- Cambodia --- Politics and government --- 1970s. --- anthropological analysis. --- anthropologists. --- anthropology. --- cambodia. --- cambodian culture. --- cambodian genocide. --- cultural knowledge. --- cultural studies. --- death toll. --- execution. --- genocidal ideologies. --- history of violence. --- human motivation. --- human psychology. --- human rights. --- illness. --- khmer rouge. --- malnutrition. --- mass murder. --- millions dead. --- nazi regime. --- nonfiction. --- origins of genocide. --- overwork. --- perceived differences. --- political movement. --- political violence. --- social analysis. --- southeast asia. --- starvation. --- violence.
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Adding her stimulating and finely framed ethnography to recent work in the anthropology of the senses, Kathryn Geurts investigates the cultural meaning system and resulting sensorium of Anlo-Ewe-speaking people in southeastern Ghana. Geurts discovered that the five-senses model has little relevance in Anlo culture, where balance is a sense, and balancing (in a physical and psychological sense as well as in literal and metaphorical ways) is an essential component of what it means to be human. Much of perception falls into an Anlo category of seselelame (literally feel-feel-at-flesh-inside), in which what might be considered sensory input, including the Western sixth-sense notion of "intuition," comes from bodily feeling and the interior milieu. The kind of mind-body dichotomy that pervades Western European-Anglo American cultural traditions and philosophical thought is absent. Geurts relates how Anlo society privileges and elaborates what we would call kinesthesia, which most Americans would not even identify as a sense. After this nuanced exploration of an Anlo-Ewe theory of inner states and their way of delineating external experience, readers will never again take for granted the "naturalness" of sight, touch, taste, hearing, and smell.
Senses and sensation --- Anlo (African people) --- Sensation --- Sensory biology --- Sensory systems --- Knowledge, Theory of --- Neurophysiology --- Psychophysiology --- Perception --- Ahonlan (African people) --- Anglo (African people) --- Ethnology --- Ewe (African people) --- Socialization. --- Psychology. --- africa. --- african community. --- anlo culture. --- anlo ewe. --- anlo society. --- anthropologists. --- balance. --- cultural anthropology. --- cultural knowledge. --- cultural meaning. --- cultural perspective. --- cultural traditions. --- demographic studies. --- ethnographers. --- ethnography. --- ghana. --- hearing. --- innate senses. --- inner states. --- metaphorical senses. --- nonfiction. --- perception. --- philosophy. --- physical senses. --- sensorium. --- sensory perception. --- sight. --- smell. --- social cultural. --- social science. --- taste. --- touch.
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The ancient story of King Goujian, a psychologically complex fifth-century BCE monarch, spoke powerfully to the Chinese during China's turbulent twentieth century. Yet most Americans-even students and specialists of this era-have never heard of Goujian. In Speaking to History, Paul A. Cohen opens this previously missing (to the West) chapter of China's recent history. He connects the story to each of the major traumas of the last century, tracing its versatility as a source of inspiration and hope and elegantly exploring, on a more general level, why such stories often remain sealed up within a culture, unknown to outsiders. Labeling this phenomenon "insider cultural knowledge," Cohen investigates the relationship between past story and present reality. He inquires why at certain moments in their collective lives peoples are especially drawn to narratives from the distant past that resonate strongly with their current circumstances, and why the Chinese have returned over and over to a story from twenty-five centuries ago. In this imaginative stitching of story to history, Cohen reveals how the shared narratives of a community help to define its culture and illuminate its history.
HISTORY / Asia / General. --- Goujian, --- Kou-chien, --- 勾践, --- 勾踐, --- China --- History --- S04/0400 --- S04/0900 --- S11/0540 --- S16/0475 --- China: History--General works: China --- China: History--People's Republic: general --- China: Social sciences--The Chinese model --- China: Literature and theatrical art--Popular literature (incl. fairy tales, legends) --- 20th century chinese history. --- 5th century chinese history. --- antiquity. --- bai hua. --- chiang kai shek. --- china. --- chinese culture. --- chinese history. --- collective memory. --- crisis and response. --- cross cultural perspectives. --- cultural narratives. --- cultural studies. --- folklore. --- folktales. --- history. --- hope. --- insider cultural knowledge. --- inspiration. --- king goujian. --- late qing years. --- national humiliation. --- nobility. --- past story. --- political allegory. --- political. --- present reality. --- privatizing china. --- republican years. --- royalty. --- taiwan. --- woxin changdan fever. --- xiao jun.
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How educated and culturally savvy young people are transforming traditionally low-status manual labor jobs into elite taste-making occupationsIn today's new economy-in which "good" jobs are typically knowledge or technology based-many well-educated and culturally savvy young men are instead choosing to pursue traditionally low-status manual labor occupations as careers. Masters of Craft looks at the renaissance of four such trades: bartending, distilling, barbering, and butchering.In this in-depth and engaging book, Richard Ocejo takes you into the lives and workplaces of these people to examine how they are transforming these once-undesirable jobs into "cool" and highly specialized upscale occupational niches-and in the process complicating our notions about upward and downward mobility through work. He shows how they find meaning in these jobs by enacting a set of "cultural repertoires," which include technical skills based on a renewed sense of craft and craftsmanship and an ability to understand and communicate that knowledge to others, resulting in a new form of elite taste-making. Ocejo describes the paths people take to these jobs, how they learn their chosen trades, how they imbue their work practices with craftsmanship, and how they teach a sense of taste to their consumers.Focusing on cocktail bartenders, craft distillers, upscale men's barbers, and whole-animal butcher shop workers in Manhattan, Brooklyn, and upstate New York, Masters of Craft provides new insights into the stratification of taste, gentrification, and the evolving labor market in today's postindustrial city.
SOCIAL SCIENCE / Social Classes. --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Sociology / Urban. --- SOCIAL SCIENCE / Sociology / General. --- Butchers (Persons) --- Barbers --- Distillers --- Bartenders --- Skilled labor --- Distilling industries --- Barkeepers --- Barkeeps --- Barmaids --- Food service employees --- Butchers --- Meat industry and trade --- Hair stylists --- Hairstylists --- Stylists, Hair --- Barbershops --- Barbering --- Employees --- E-books --- Sociologie urbaine --- Gentrification --- Profession --- artist. --- authenticity. --- barbering. --- barbers. --- barbershops. --- bars. --- bartenders. --- bartending. --- butcher shops. --- butchering. --- butchers. --- cashiers. --- classic cocktails. --- cocktail bartenders. --- cocktail world. --- common occupations. --- communication skills. --- confidence. --- confident behavior. --- confident performance. --- consumers. --- craft cocktails. --- craft distilleries. --- craftsmanship. --- cultural knowledge. --- cultural omnivorousness. --- cultural repertoires. --- customers. --- distilling. --- drinking public. --- everyday workplaces. --- foodie community. --- foodie movement. --- gentrification. --- gentrified neighborhoods. --- handmade products. --- hip tastes. --- ideal masculine image. --- industrial city. --- interpersonal communication. --- light manufacturing. --- local. --- low-status occupation. --- male behavior. --- manhood. --- manual labor. --- men. --- mental labor. --- new economy. --- nightlife industry. --- occupation. --- occupational aesthetic. --- postindustrial cities. --- retail workers. --- savvy consumers. --- self-made man. --- shopping experience. --- skilled peformance. --- small businesses. --- specialty food. --- taste. --- urban economy. --- urban luxuries. --- urbane alternatives. --- work ethic. --- young urbanites.
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