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This book focuses on conservation genetic (and genomic) papers that demonstrate applied outcomes that inform practical threatened species management. We cover a broad range of species and genetic approaches, but focus on how conservation genetic information is used to underpin management actions for species recovery. Through the exposition of a diversity of approaches, we aim to demonstrate to conservation managers and researchers how conservation genetics can inform on-ground species management.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- small isolated population --- Mediterranean native trout --- morphological deformities --- Camphorosmoideae --- conservation genetics --- disjunct distribution --- population fragmentation --- population structure --- single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers --- genetic diversity --- population viability analysis --- allele retention --- translocation --- conservation management --- threatened marsupial --- remnant --- conservation --- natural hybridisation --- Eucalyptus --- high throughput sequencing --- NGS --- South Australia --- golden bandicoot --- southern brown bandicoot --- quenda --- phylogenetic --- taxonomy --- evolutionarily significant unit --- ecosystem engineer --- genetic rescue --- genetic restoration --- supplementation --- disease --- inbreeding --- genetic swamping --- locally unique alleles --- population genetics --- marsupial --- adaptive potential --- Leadbeater's possum --- Gymnobelideus leadbeateri --- ex situ conservation --- Psittacidae --- Ara macao --- Xcaret --- captive breeding --- climate drying --- cpDNA --- ecotype --- Evolutionarily Significant Units --- gene flow --- geographic expansion --- patchy abundance --- phylogeography --- small isolated population --- Mediterranean native trout --- morphological deformities --- Camphorosmoideae --- conservation genetics --- disjunct distribution --- population fragmentation --- population structure --- single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers --- genetic diversity --- population viability analysis --- allele retention --- translocation --- conservation management --- threatened marsupial --- remnant --- conservation --- natural hybridisation --- Eucalyptus --- high throughput sequencing --- NGS --- South Australia --- golden bandicoot --- southern brown bandicoot --- quenda --- phylogenetic --- taxonomy --- evolutionarily significant unit --- ecosystem engineer --- genetic rescue --- genetic restoration --- supplementation --- disease --- inbreeding --- genetic swamping --- locally unique alleles --- population genetics --- marsupial --- adaptive potential --- Leadbeater's possum --- Gymnobelideus leadbeateri --- ex situ conservation --- Psittacidae --- Ara macao --- Xcaret --- captive breeding --- climate drying --- cpDNA --- ecotype --- Evolutionarily Significant Units --- gene flow --- geographic expansion --- patchy abundance --- phylogeography

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Recently, there has been a dramatic increase in the use of DNA-derived data and innovative phenotyping to obtain insights into the causative genes underlying traits of agronomical interest or to characterize tree genetic resources. The latter, in particular, could represent an important source of genetic diversity that can be readily used to enhance the adaptability to limiting environmental factors and resistance to biotic stresses or to promote novel genotypes with improved agronomic traits. On the whole, the studies collected in this book report on tree crop biodiversity characterization that could provide the essential building blocks to ensure future improvements in production and quality, as well as for innovations in tree crop development and utilization.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Microbiology (non-medical) --- Camellia sinensis --- genetic diversity --- population structure --- SSR --- bark phenotype --- bark scale --- Norway spruce --- resonance wood --- sonic tomography --- conifer adaptation --- phenotypic plasticity --- comparative proteomics --- stress response --- Hainan Province --- endemic species --- conservation --- codon usage --- sequence divergence --- phylogeny --- Acer --- sect. Platanoidea --- chloroplast genome --- structural variation --- phylogenetics --- nSSR --- cpDNA --- Magnoliaceae --- conservation genetics --- fragmentation --- agroforestry --- domestication --- Inga edulis --- amazon forest --- microsatellite markers --- Paeonia rockii (flare tree peony) germplasm accessions --- phenotypic traits --- EST-SSR markers --- chloroplast DNA sequences --- tree improvement --- evergreen oak --- phenotypic selection --- selection criteria --- seed orchard --- generalized value --- genetic differentiation --- natural regeneration --- cultivated population --- semi-domesticated population --- growth trait --- wood property --- cytosine methylation --- epimarker --- candidate gene --- gene expression --- color mutation --- pigment metabolism --- chlorophyll --- anthocyanin --- mutation mechanism --- RNA-seq --- Castanopsis × kuchugouzhui --- natural hybrid --- molecular identification --- chloroplast DNA sequence --- microsatellite --- Ilex species --- Aquifoliaceae --- morphological traits --- DNA C-value --- plastid genome --- S-genotyping --- S-locus --- P. communis --- P. pyrifolia --- P. amygdaliformis --- genetic structure --- n/a

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Recently, there has been a dramatic increase in the use of DNA-derived data and innovative phenotyping to obtain insights into the causative genes underlying traits of agronomical interest or to characterize tree genetic resources. The latter, in particular, could represent an important source of genetic diversity that can be readily used to enhance the adaptability to limiting environmental factors and resistance to biotic stresses or to promote novel genotypes with improved agronomic traits. On the whole, the studies collected in this book report on tree crop biodiversity characterization that could provide the essential building blocks to ensure future improvements in production and quality, as well as for innovations in tree crop development and utilization.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Microbiology (non-medical) --- Camellia sinensis --- genetic diversity --- population structure --- SSR --- bark phenotype --- bark scale --- Norway spruce --- resonance wood --- sonic tomography --- conifer adaptation --- phenotypic plasticity --- comparative proteomics --- stress response --- Hainan Province --- endemic species --- conservation --- codon usage --- sequence divergence --- phylogeny --- Acer --- sect. Platanoidea --- chloroplast genome --- structural variation --- phylogenetics --- nSSR --- cpDNA --- Magnoliaceae --- conservation genetics --- fragmentation --- agroforestry --- domestication --- Inga edulis --- amazon forest --- microsatellite markers --- Paeonia rockii (flare tree peony) germplasm accessions --- phenotypic traits --- EST-SSR markers --- chloroplast DNA sequences --- tree improvement --- evergreen oak --- phenotypic selection --- selection criteria --- seed orchard --- generalized value --- genetic differentiation --- natural regeneration --- cultivated population --- semi-domesticated population --- growth trait --- wood property --- cytosine methylation --- epimarker --- candidate gene --- gene expression --- color mutation --- pigment metabolism --- chlorophyll --- anthocyanin --- mutation mechanism --- RNA-seq --- Castanopsis × kuchugouzhui --- natural hybrid --- molecular identification --- chloroplast DNA sequence --- microsatellite --- Ilex species --- Aquifoliaceae --- morphological traits --- DNA C-value --- plastid genome --- S-genotyping --- S-locus --- P. communis --- P. pyrifolia --- P. amygdaliformis --- genetic structure --- Camellia sinensis --- genetic diversity --- population structure --- SSR --- bark phenotype --- bark scale --- Norway spruce --- resonance wood --- sonic tomography --- conifer adaptation --- phenotypic plasticity --- comparative proteomics --- stress response --- Hainan Province --- endemic species --- conservation --- codon usage --- sequence divergence --- phylogeny --- Acer --- sect. Platanoidea --- chloroplast genome --- structural variation --- phylogenetics --- nSSR --- cpDNA --- Magnoliaceae --- conservation genetics --- fragmentation --- agroforestry --- domestication --- Inga edulis --- amazon forest --- microsatellite markers --- Paeonia rockii (flare tree peony) germplasm accessions --- phenotypic traits --- EST-SSR markers --- chloroplast DNA sequences --- tree improvement --- evergreen oak --- phenotypic selection --- selection criteria --- seed orchard --- generalized value --- genetic differentiation --- natural regeneration --- cultivated population --- semi-domesticated population --- growth trait --- wood property --- cytosine methylation --- epimarker --- candidate gene --- gene expression --- color mutation --- pigment metabolism --- chlorophyll --- anthocyanin --- mutation mechanism --- RNA-seq --- Castanopsis × kuchugouzhui --- natural hybrid --- molecular identification --- chloroplast DNA sequence --- microsatellite --- Ilex species --- Aquifoliaceae --- morphological traits --- DNA C-value --- plastid genome --- S-genotyping --- S-locus --- P. communis --- P. pyrifolia --- P. amygdaliformis --- genetic structure

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Forest tree improvement has mainly been implemented to enhance the productivity of artificial forests. However, given the drastically changing global environment, improvement of various traits related to environmental adaptability is more essential than ever. This book focuses on genetic information, including trait heritability and the physiological mechanisms thereof, which facilitate tree improvement. Nineteen papers are included, reporting genetic approaches to improving various species, including conifers, broad-leaf trees, and bamboo. All of the papers in this book provide cutting-edge genetic information on tree genetics and suggest research directions for future tree improvement.

early selection --- stomatal characteristics --- water stress --- water relations --- specific leaf area --- Eucalyptus clones --- LTR-retrotransposon --- Ty3-gypsy --- Ty1-copia --- IRAP --- molecular markers --- bamboo --- Phyllostachys --- genetic diversity --- populations structure --- AMOVA --- central-marginal hypothesis --- cline --- Pinaceae --- trailing edge population --- Sakhalin fir --- sub-boreal forest --- gibberellin --- male strobilus induction --- transcriptome --- conifer --- Cryptomeria japonica --- linkage map --- male sterility --- marker-assisted selection --- C. fortunei --- differentially expressed genes --- phenylpropanoid metabolism --- candidate genes --- Camellia oleifera --- leaf senescence --- transcriptome analysis --- senescence-associated genes --- physiological characterization --- cpDNA --- next generation sequencing --- northern limit --- nucleotide diversity --- phylogeny --- In/Del --- SNP --- SSR --- Chinese fir --- heartwood --- secondary metabolites --- widely targeted metabolomics --- flavonoids --- amplicon sequencing --- AmpliSeq --- genomic selection --- Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica) --- multiplexed SNP genotyping --- spatial autocorrelation error --- pine wood disease --- resistance to pine wood nematode --- inoculation test --- multisite --- cumulative temperature --- Pinus thunbergii --- Thujopsis dolabrata --- EST-SSR markers --- varieties --- population structure --- pine wilt disease --- Bursaphelenchus xylophilus --- genotype by environment interaction --- Japanese black pine --- variance component --- local adaptation --- silviculture --- seed zone --- tree improvement program --- breeding --- genotype × environment interaction --- mast seeding --- seed production --- thinning --- forest tree breeding --- high-throughput phenotyping --- epigenetics --- genotyping --- genomic prediction models --- quantitative trait locus --- breeding cycle --- Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis --- demographic history --- RAD-seq --- ancient tree --- conservation --- infrared thermography --- chlorophyll fluorescence --- cumulative drought stress --- genetic conservation --- genetic management --- pine wood nematode --- pine wood nematode-Pinus thunbergii resistant trees --- n/a