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Religion and science. --- Religion et sciences --- 215 --- Christianity and science --- Geology --- Geology and religion --- Science --- Science and religion --- Godsdienst en wetenschap --- Religious aspects --- Religion and science --- religion --- physical science --- science and religion --- religion and science --- religious thought --- the beginning of the universe --- matter and energy --- physics --- cosmic evolution --- religion and philosophy --- life and intelligence in the universe --- creationism --- intelligent design --- theistic evolution --- Meher Baba --- cosmology

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"AI and the Technological Singularity: A Fallacy or a Great Opportunity" is a collection of essays that addresses the question of whether the technological singularity—the notion that AI-based computers can program the next generation of AI-based computers until a singularity is achieved, where an AI-based computer can exceed human intelligence—is a fallacy or a great opportunity. The group of scholars that address this question have a variety of positions on the singularity, ranging from advocates to skeptics. No conclusion can be reached, as the development of artificial intelligence is still in its infancy, and there is much wishful thinking and imagination in this issue rather than trustworthy data. The reader will find a cogent summary of the issues faced by researchers who are working to develop the field of artificial intelligence and, in particular, artificial general intelligence. The only conclusion that can be reached is that there exists a variety of well-argued positions as to where AI research is headed.

Information technology industries --- technological Singularity --- intelligence --- emotion --- artificial general intelligence --- artificial intelligence --- computer --- logic --- figure/ground --- computers --- consciousness --- singularity --- self --- futures --- technological singularity --- philosophy --- cosmic evolution --- anthropology --- technical singularity --- non-axiomatic reasoning system --- metasystem transitions --- patterns --- patterning --- cognition --- set theory --- language --- information --- abductive reasoning --- futurism and futurology --- hard science fiction --- models of consciousness --- intelligent machines --- machine replication --- machine evolution and optimization --- Turing test --- embodiment --- competition --- cooperation --- self-organization --- robots --- heterogeneity --- team sports --- artificial intelligence (AI) --- automated journalism --- robo-journalism --- writing algorithms --- future of news --- media ecology --- autogenous intelligence --- bootstrap fallacy --- recursive self-improvement --- self-modifying software --- superintelligence --- skepticism --- cyborg --- evolution --- love --- misinformation --- Technological Singularity --- Accelerated Change --- Artificial (General) Intelligence --- apophenia --- pareidolia --- complexity --- research focused social network --- networked minds --- complexity break --- complexity fallacy --- philosophy of information --- machine learning --- information quality --- information friction --- Artificial Intelligence (AI) --- Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) --- Artificial Social Intelligence (ASI) --- social sciences --- embodied cognition --- value alignment --- experience --- phenomenal consciousness --- access consciousness --- percept --- concept --- deep neural networks --- meaning --- understanding --- Singularity --- intuition --- wisdom

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From the Nobel Prize–winning physicist, a personal meditation on the quest for objective reality in natural scienceA century ago, thoughtful people questioned how reality could agree with physical theories that keep changing, from a mechanical model of the ether to electric and magnetic fields, and from homogeneous matter to electrons and atoms. Today, concepts like dark matter and dark energy further complicate and enrich the search for objective reality. The Whole Truth is a personal reflection on this ongoing quest by one of the world’s most esteemed cosmologists.What lies at the heart of physical science? What are the foundational ideas that inform and guide the enterprise? Is the concept of objective reality meaningful? If so, do our established physical theories usefully approximate it? P. J. E. Peebles takes on these and other big questions about the nature of science, drawing on a lifetime of experience as a leading physicist and using cosmology as an example. He traces the history of thought about the nature of physical science since Einstein, and succinctly lays out the fundamental working assumptions. Through a careful examination of the general theory of relativity, Einstein’s cosmological principle, and the theory of an expanding universe, Peebles shows the evidence that we are discovering the nature of reality in successive approximations through increasingly demanding scrutiny.A landmark work, The Whole Truth is essential reading for anyone interested in the practice of science.

Cosmology. --- Physics. --- Reality. --- Science --- SCIENCE / Cosmology. --- Philosophy. --- Absolute magnitude. --- Acceleration. --- Angular momentum. --- Approximation. --- Astronomer. --- Astronomy. --- Asymptotically flat spacetime. --- Atomic nucleus. --- Atomic number. --- Baryon. --- Big Bang. --- Calculation. --- Chronology of the universe. --- Classical limit. --- Classical physics. --- Comprehension (logic). --- Conservation law. --- Cosmic Evolution (book). --- Cosmological constant. --- Cosmological principle. --- Density. --- Empirical research. --- Equivalence principle. --- Existence. --- Extrapolation. --- Fred Hoyle. --- Galaxy cluster. --- Galaxy rotation curve. --- General relativity. --- George Gamow. --- Goodness of fit. --- Gravitational acceleration. --- Gravitational redshift. --- Gravity. --- Hubble's law. --- Inverse-square law. --- Jupiter. --- Kinetic energy. --- Kuiper belt. --- Length scale. --- Linear scale. --- Mach's principle. --- Mass distribution. --- Measurement. --- Metric expansion of space. --- Minkowski space. --- Modified Newtonian dynamics. --- Multiple discovery. --- NGC 2403. --- Natural science. --- Neutrino. --- Neutron. --- Newton's law of universal gravitation. --- Number density. --- Observation. --- Order of magnitude. --- Paradigm shift. --- Partial derivative. --- Particle physics in cosmology. --- Peirce (crater). --- Photon. --- Physical cosmology. --- Physical law. --- Physicist. --- Planetary nebula. --- Planetary system. --- Power law. --- Prediction. --- Predictive power. --- Present value. --- Quantum electrodynamics. --- Quantum mechanics. --- Redshift. --- Repeatability. --- Richard Feynman. --- Satellite. --- Scattering. --- Schwarzschild metric. --- Science wars. --- Scientist. --- Sirius. --- Social constructionism. --- Special relativity. --- Spiral galaxy. --- Steady State theory. --- Stellar classification. --- Supersymmetry. --- Temperature. --- Tests of general relativity. --- The Unreasonable Effectiveness of Mathematics in the Natural Sciences. --- Theoretical physics. --- Theory of relativity. --- Theory. --- Thermal radiation. --- Thomas Kuhn. --- Thought. --- Verificationism. --- Wavelength. --- White dwarf. --- Zero-point energy. --- Normal science --- Philosophy of science --- Philosophy --- Truth --- Nominalism --- Pluralism --- Pragmatism --- Natural philosophy --- Philosophy, Natural --- Physical sciences --- Dynamics --- Astronomy --- Deism --- Metaphysics --- SCIENCE / Space Science / Cosmology --- SCIENCE / History

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This book provides a comprehensive, self-contained introduction to one of the most exciting frontiers in astrophysics today: the quest to understand how the oldest and most distant galaxies in our universe first formed. Until now, most research on this question has been theoretical, but the next few years will bring about a new generation of large telescopes that promise to supply a flood of data about the infant universe during its first billion years after the big bang. This book bridges the gap between theory and observation. It is an invaluable reference for students and researchers on early galaxies. The First Galaxies in the Universe starts from basic physical principles before moving on to more advanced material. Topics include the gravitational growth of structure, the intergalactic medium, the formation and evolution of the first stars and black holes, feedback and galaxy evolution, reionization, 21-cm cosmology, and more. Provides a comprehensive introduction to this exciting frontier in astrophysics Begins from first principles Covers advanced topics such as the first stars and 21-cm cosmology Prepares students for research using the next generation of large telescopes Discusses many open questions to be explored in the coming decade

Cosmology. --- Galaxies --- Stars --- Formation. --- 21-cm cosmology. --- 21-cm line. --- AGN. --- Big Bang. --- Hubble Space Telescope. --- IGM properties. --- IGM. --- James Webb Space Telescope. --- Lyman-α emissions. --- Lyman-α line. --- Lyman-α photons. --- Milky Way. --- Universe. --- active galactic nuclei. --- analytic models. --- astrophysical objects. --- astrophysical processes. --- astrophysics. --- black holes. --- chemical processes. --- cluster formation. --- computational methods. --- cosmic dawn. --- cosmic evolution. --- cosmic history. --- cosmic microwave background. --- cosmological perturbations. --- cosmological phase transition. --- cosmology. --- dark ages. --- dark matter. --- density evolution. --- disk formation. --- dwarf galaxies. --- earliest gaseous clouds. --- early galaxies. --- early stars. --- feedback effects. --- feedback processes. --- first dwarf galaxies. --- first galaxies. --- first stars. --- fossil records. --- fossil structure. --- fundamental cosmology. --- galactic emission lines. --- galactic superwinds. --- galaxies. --- galaxy evolution. --- galaxy formation. --- gravitational collapse. --- gravitational growth. --- halo formation. --- halo mergers. --- helium. --- high-redshift galaxies. --- high-z Universe. --- hydrogen reionization. --- hydrogen. --- hyperfine line. --- intergalactic hydrogen. --- intergalactic medium. --- ionization structures. --- linear growth. --- luminosity. --- luminous material. --- massive stars. --- mechanical feedback. --- nonlinear evolution. --- nonlinear structure. --- numerical simulations. --- observational probes. --- perturbations. --- photoheating. --- positive feedback. --- primordial gas. --- protostars. --- quasars. --- radiative feedback. --- radiative processes. --- reionization. --- secondary anisotropies. --- semianalytic models. --- small density fluctuations. --- spin-flip background. --- spin-flip fluctuations. --- spin-flip transition. --- standard cosmological model. --- star formation. --- star-forming galaxies. --- statistical fluctuations. --- stellar feedback. --- stellar ionizing photons. --- stellar mass functions. --- stellar-mass black holes. --- structure. --- supermassive black holes.