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Lithium batteries are now present in our everyday life, powering portable electronics, power tools, sustainable vehicles such as hybrids and electric, as well as back-up devices and electrochemical storage systems in renewable energy plants. 
Lithium-metal is the best choice of anode material, since it provides the lowest reduction potential (∼ -3.0 V versus SHE) as well as the lowest density (0.534 g.cm-3), which is responsible for high specific capacity (3.86 Ah.g-1) and energy density (1470 WhK.g-1). 
Lithium-metal based batteries (LMBs) seem thus to be the most promising technology for the implementation of high energy density storage devices. However, before their practical application, LMBs must face the issue of lithium dendrites growth, which is the main cause of internal short circuits and thermal run-away reactions. 
Today, the most widespread solution to face this problem is based on the replacement of conventional liquid electrolytes with solid-state electrolytes (SSEs). This work is focused on solid polymer electrolytes (SPE), which are lightweight materials that provide flexibility, easy handling, long lifespan, wide electrochemical stability window as well as safety, by eliminating lithium dendrites growth. 
Hence, the first part of the thesis is dedicated to the synthesis of a triblock copolymer for solid-polymer electrolytes (SPEs) application in lithium-metal batteries. This triblock copolymer PPE-b-PEO-b-PPE covalently associates a poly(ethylene oxide) block that ensures ionic conduction with two poly(phosphate) side blocks. Since the poly(phosphate) blocks are characterised by a very low Tg (about -70°C), they will contribute to increase the mobility of PEO block and its amorphous phase, affording SPEs with enhanced ionic conductivity. 
The mechanical properties of the SPE synthesised were assessed by conducting tensile experiments, which showed a maximum Young modulus of 26 MPa. Cyclic voltammetry experiments displayed an electrochemical stability window ranging from 0 V to 5 V, which is in good agreement with general requirements. Moreover, thermogravimetric analysis showed that triblock copolymer is stable until ~220°C; the solid polymer electrolyte proposed can thus be safely implemented in batteries, in a wide temperature range.

Solid-state electrolyte --- Lithium-metal battery --- Solid polymer electrolyte --- Triblock copolymer --- Poly(phosphate)-based copolymer --- Poly(phosphoester)-based copolymer --- Poly(phosphosphate) copolymer --- Poly(phosphoester) copolymer --- Poly(ethylene oxide) copolymer --- Poly(ethylene oxide)-based copolymer --- Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre > Chimie

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The interaction of metal with its environment that results in its chemical alteration is called metallic corrosion. According to the literature, corrosion is classified to two types: uniform and localized corrosion. Intervention in either in the alloy environment or in the alloy structure can provide the corrosion protection of metallic materials. Furthermore, the interference in the metal alloy environment can be conducted with the utilization of cathodic or anodic protection via the corresponding inhibitors. Therefore, the most common categorization is cathodic, anodic, and mixed-type inhibitors, taking into account which half-reaction they suppress during corrosion phenomena. The majority of the organic inhibitors are of mixed type and perform through chemisorption. In order to update the field of the corrosion protection of metal and metal alloys with the use of organic inhibitors, a Special Issue entitled "Advances in Organic Corrosion Inhibitors and Protective Coatings" is introduced. This book gathers and reviews a collection of ten contributions (nine articles and one review), from authors from Europe, Asia, and Africa, that were accepted for publication in this Special Issue of Applied Sciences.

Research & information: general --- corrosion --- reinforcements --- concrete --- slag --- LFS --- grounding grid --- metal corrosion --- topology detection --- corrosion detection --- nondestructive testing --- coating --- metallic bipolar plate --- PEMFC --- TiNb --- TiNbN --- brass --- chloride --- triazole derivatives --- poly(phenylene methylene) coatings --- PPM-related copolymer --- rheological additive-free polymer formulation --- AA2024 --- corrosion protection --- electrochemistry --- aluminum 7075 --- anodizing --- oil-impregnation --- corrosion resistance --- salt spray test --- Cerium oxide nanoparticles --- anti-reflection --- self-assembly --- microfluidics --- convective self-assembly --- corrosion inhibitor --- corrosion mechanism --- cysteine --- thin film --- C-Mnsteel --- corrosion inhibitors --- bio-copolymer --- starch --- glycerin --- mild steel --- EIS --- SEM --- Raman spectroscopy --- pitting corrosion --- synergistic effect --- n/a

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Mesoporous materials are capturing great interest thanks to their exceptional surface area, uniform and tunable pore size, ease surface functionalization, thus enabling broad series of intervention in the field of nanomedicine. Since many years, these aspects foster a deep investigation on mesoporous nanoparticles, to design and fabricate biocompatible, smart and stimuli-responsive nanotools for controlled drug- or gene-delivery, theranostics applications, in particular for cancer therapy, and tissue engineering. This Book is thus dedicated to the most recent advances in the field, collecting research papers and reviews. It spans from the synthesis and characterization of the mesoporous material, especially those made of silica, silicon and bioactive glasses, to their functionalization with smart gate-keepers, reporter molecules or targeting ligands, up to their in-vitro applications in the nanomedicine field.

polyurethane --- injectable hydrogels --- ion/drug delivery --- mesoporous bioactive glasses --- tissue regeneration --- mesoporous silica --- therapeutic biomolecules --- proteins --- peptides --- nucleic acids --- glycans --- nanoporous silicon --- gold nanoparticles --- drug delivery --- cancer cells --- theranostics --- mesoporous silica nanoparticles --- core-shell --- surface functionalization --- cell targeting --- size-dependent delivery --- antitumoral microRNA (miRNA) --- confocal microscopy --- tumor targeting --- stimuli responsive --- multimodal decorations --- targeted and controlled cargo release --- cancer therapy and diagnosis --- alginate–poloxamer copolymer --- silk fibroin --- dual network hydrogel --- mesoporous bioactive glass --- insulin-like growth factor-1 --- electrostatic gating --- nanofluidic diffusion --- controlled drug release --- silicon membrane --- smart drug delivery --- three-dimensional porous scaffolds --- electron beam melting --- selective laser sintering --- stereolithography --- electrospinning --- two-photon polymerization --- osteogenesis --- antibiotics --- anti-inflammatory --- n/a --- alginate-poloxamer copolymer

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Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery is a comprehensive guide to PLGA nanoparticles for targeting various diseases, covering principles, formation, characterization, applications, regulations and the latest advances. Sections introduce the fundamental aspects of PLGA nanoparticles for drug delivery, including properties, preparation methods, characterization, drug loading methods, and drug release mechanisms, along with a focus on applications. Application of PLGA nanoparticles for the treatment of cancer, inflammatory, cerebral, cardiovascular, and infectious diseases, as well as in regenerative medicine, photodynamic and photothermal therapy, and gene therapy, are all explained in detail. The final chapters explore recent advances and regulatory aspects. This book is a valuable resource for researchers and advanced students across nanomedicine, polymer science, bio-based materials, chemistry, biomedicine, biotechnology, and materials engineering, as well as for industrial scientists and R&D professionals with an interest in nanoparticles for drug delivery, pharmaceutical formulations and regulations, and development of innovative biodegradable materials. Presents the fundamentals of PLGA nanoparticles, including properties, preparation, characterization, and biofate and cellular interactions. Provides in-depth coverage of a broad range of specific applications of PLGA nanoparticles across disease treatment, regenerative medicine and therapeutic areas. Offers a methodical approach to PLGA nanoparticles in drug delivery that is supported by data tables, illustrative figures and flowcharts.

Polymers in medicine. --- Biomedical polymers --- Medical polymers --- Biomedical materials --- Medical instruments and apparatus --- Drug delivery systems. --- Copolymers. --- Polymers --- Delivery systems, Drug --- Drug administration technology --- Drug delivery technology --- Drugs --- Pharmaceutical technology --- Delivery systems --- Nanomedicine. --- Nanoparticle Drug Delivery System --- Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer

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The self-assembly process underlies a plethora of natural phenomena from the macro to the nano scale. Often, technological development has found great inspiration in the natural world, as evidenced by numerous fabrication techniques based on self-assembly (SA). One striking example is given by epitaxial growths, in which atoms represent the building blocks. In lithography, the use of self-assembling materials is considered an extremely promising patterning option to overcome the size scale limitations imposed by the conventional photolithographic methods. To this purpose, in the last two decades several supramolecular self-assembling materials have been investigated and successfully applied to create patterns at a nanometric scale. Although considerable progress has been made so far in the control of self-assembly processes applied to nanolithography, a number of unresolved problems related to the reproducibility and metrology of the self-assembled features are still open. Addressing these issues is mandatory in order to allow the widespread diffusion of SA materials for applications such as microelectronics, photonics, or biology. In this context, the aim of the present Special Issue is to gather original research papers and comprehensive reviews covering various aspects of the self-assembly processes applied to nanopatterning. Topics include the development of novel SA methods, the realization of nanometric structures and devices, and the improvement of their long-range order. Moreover, metrology issues related to the nanoscale characterization of self-assembled structures are addressed.

Technology: general issues --- block copolymer self-assembly --- analytical ultracentrifugation --- tannic acid --- 3D printing --- nano-resolution --- arbitrary distribution --- multimaterials --- deposition surface --- rapidity --- large scale --- conjugated polymers --- polyfullerenes --- processing by convective self-assembly --- thin films and microstructure --- photoluminescence quenching --- block copolymers --- self-assembly --- polymer interface --- nanostructure metrology --- line edge roughness LER --- (S)TEM --- STEM-EELS of PS and PMMA --- directed self-assembly --- nanospheres lithography --- colloidal nanospheres --- direct laser-writing --- directed self-assembly (DSA) --- block copolymers (BCPs) --- chemo-epitaxy --- polystyrene-block-polymethylmethacrylate (PS-b-PMMA) --- line/space patterning --- line edge roughness (LER) --- line width roughness (LWR) --- sequential infiltration synthesis --- block copolymer --- nanoparticles --- colloidal clusters --- colloidal molecules --- sedimentation --- separation --- classification of nanoparticles --- analytical centrifugation --- differential centrifugal sedimentation --- disk centrifuge --- density gradient centrifugation --- block copolymer self-assembly --- analytical ultracentrifugation --- tannic acid --- 3D printing --- nano-resolution --- arbitrary distribution --- multimaterials --- deposition surface --- rapidity --- large scale --- conjugated polymers --- polyfullerenes --- processing by convective self-assembly --- thin films and microstructure --- photoluminescence quenching --- block copolymers --- self-assembly --- polymer interface --- nanostructure metrology --- line edge roughness LER --- (S)TEM --- STEM-EELS of PS and PMMA --- directed self-assembly --- nanospheres lithography --- colloidal nanospheres --- direct laser-writing --- directed self-assembly (DSA) --- block copolymers (BCPs) --- chemo-epitaxy --- polystyrene-block-polymethylmethacrylate (PS-b-PMMA) --- line/space patterning --- line edge roughness (LER) --- line width roughness (LWR) --- sequential infiltration synthesis --- block copolymer --- nanoparticles --- colloidal clusters --- colloidal molecules --- sedimentation --- separation --- classification of nanoparticles --- analytical centrifugation --- differential centrifugal sedimentation --- disk centrifuge --- density gradient centrifugation