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Karl Christian Führer examines the origins of modern, high-performance agriculture in West Germany. As he clearly demonstrates, "intensive animal farming" was primarily a response from farmers to the new demands being placed on them by consumers, retail, and processing operations. By looking at the product "meat," he thus presents a fascinating economic and social history of the Federal Republic. Karl Christian Führer untersucht erstmals die Entstehung der modernen, auf Höchstleistungen ausgerichteten Landwirtschaft in Westdeutschland von 1950–1990. Sein Buch beschreibt eingehend, dass die Entwicklung hoch effizienter Produktionsmethoden eine Reaktion der Bauern auf sich stark verändernde Anforderungen war. Gerade bei dem Produkt „Fleisch" vollzogen sich seit den 1950er Jahren ganz grundlegende Wandlungen bei den Konsumenten, im Einzelhandel und bei den Verarbeitungsbetrieben. Die landwirtschaftliche Produktion musste sich, um auf die neue Nachfrage reagieren zu können, massiv verändern. Die so entstehende „intensive" Tierhaltung, die von Nicht-Landwirten und auch von einem kleinen Teil der Bauern schon frühzeitig scharf kritisiert wurde, entsprang weder landwirtschaftlicher Initiative noch diente sie der „Profitmaxierung" der Tiermäster (wie die Kritiker vielfach meinten). Als Ursprung und als zentraler Motor des Wandels lassen sich vielmehr die Entscheidungen der Konsumentinnen und Konsumenten beim Einkauf ihrer Lebensmittel identifizieren. Eine aufschlussreiche Wirtschafts- und Gesellschaftsgeschichte der Bundesrepublik.

Consumerism. --- animal breeding. --- animal husbandry. --- retail.

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Consumer protection --- -Consumer protection --- -Consumerism --- Protection, Consumer --- Commercial policy --- Law and legislation --- -Law and legislation --- Consumerism

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Providing comparisons to the United States and Britain, this book examines Japan's postwar consumer protection movement. Organized largely by and for housewives and spurred by major cases of price gouging and product contamination, the movement led to the passage of basic consumer protection legislation in 1968. Although much of the story concerns the famous "iron triangle" of big business, national bureaucrats, and conservative party politics, Maclachlan takes a broader perspective. She points to the importance of activity at the local level, the role of minority parties, the limited utility of the courts, and the place of lawyers and academics in providing access to power. These mild social strategies have resulted in a significant amount of consumer protection.

Consumer protection --- History. --- Consumerism --- Protection, Consumer --- Commercial policy

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Consumer protection --- Consommateurs --- Law and legislation --- Case studies --- Protection --- Droit --- Cas, Etude de --- -Consumerism --- Protection, Consumer --- Commercial policy --- -Consumer protection --- -Law and legislation --- Consumerism --- European Union countries --- Cases

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The markets for goods and services have undergone significant changes over the past 20 years. Regulatory reform, global markets, new technologies and growth in the role of services in economic activity have driven the changes which, in many instances, have provided significant benefits to consumers. Relatively little attention has been paid to the challenges these developments have posed for consumers. More choice and more complexity in many markets have made it increasingly difficult for them to compare and assess the value of products and services. The challenges for consumers have raised similar challenges for the government authorities responsible for protecting them from unfair commercial practices and fraud. This book examines how markets have evolved and provides insights for improved consumer policy making. It explores, for the first time, how what we have learned through the study of behavioural economics is changing the way policy makers are addressing problems.

Consumer protection. --- Consumers. --- Customer relations. --- Customers (Consumers) --- Shoppers --- Consumerism --- Protection, Consumer --- Persons --- Commercial policy