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This paper uses a "mystery client" approach and visits the websites of national statistical offices and international microdata libraries to assess whether foundational microdata sets for countries in the Middle East and North Africa region are collected, up to date, and made available to researchers. The focus is on population and economic censuses, price data and consumption, labor, health, and establishment surveys. Following the exercise, a new microdata access indicator that measures the degree of opennes of microdata and the ease with which microdata users can understand and navigate the websites of national statistical offices is presented. The results show that about half of the expected core data sets are being collected and that only a fraction is made available publicly. As a consequence, many summary statistics, including national accounts and welfare estimates, are outdated and of limited relevance to decision makers. Additional investments in microdata collection and publication of the data once collected are strongly advised. National statistical offices in the region should make considerable improvements to the outlook of their websites to make them more user friendly. Specifically, microdata libraries and updated survey calendars should be a standard feature of the websites to ensure easy access to available microdata.

Census Data --- Consumer Survey --- Data Openness --- Data Transparency --- Demographic and Health Survey --- E-Government --- Governance --- Household Survey --- ICT Data and Statistics --- ICT Policy and Strategies --- Inequality --- Information and Communication Technologies --- Living Standards --- Living Standards Measurement Survey --- Microdata --- National Statistical Office --- Official Statistics --- Poverty Estimate --- Poverty Lines --- Poverty Reduction --- Statistical Indicators

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The concept of cross-cultural perspectives in research in food is important in general and particularly so in relation to human perception in food and health. Food concepts are very different across different jurisdictions. Different markets and cultures have varying perspectives on what is considered a palatable, acceptable, or useful food or food product; in simple terms, one size does not at all in the majority of cases. Specific markets thus need targeted food design, to be successful from a myriad of perspectives. In this Special Issue anthology "Food, Health and Safety in Cross-Cultural Consumer Contexts", we bring together articles that show the wide range of studies from fundamental to market applicability currently in focus in sensory and consumer science in food, health, and safety cross-cultural contexts. From the included perspectives, it is abundantly clear that there is a need for much knowledge related to future food design linked to cross-cultural contexts and that this will continue to be critical to the success of food transfer in global food markets.

Research & information: general --- Biology, life sciences --- Food & society --- fruit chips --- hedonic based projective mapping --- hedonic transfer --- cross-culture --- consumer liking --- cross-cultural --- post-ingestive food pleasure --- food reward --- post-ingestive sensation --- satisfaction --- china --- Denmark --- coffee --- temperature --- risk --- food service industry --- Brazil --- Waterford Blaa --- cross-cultural consumer differences --- sensory attributes --- gender differences --- age differences --- PGI status --- oat products --- consumers --- liking --- Check-All-That-Apply --- China --- Finland --- individual differences --- taste mixtures --- model matrix --- taste primaries --- taste-taste interactions --- basic tastes --- hierarchical clustering --- consumer survey --- food safety --- food hygiene --- food handling --- consumer behavior --- risk perception --- healthy food consumption --- cultural consumer context --- microbiological risk --- health --- optimistic bias --- social trust --- information behavior --- certification mark --- purchase intention --- dairy --- diet --- butter preference --- sensory --- volatiles --- meat substitute --- meathybrid --- consumer preference --- plant-based proteins --- food quality --- Kosovar consumers --- Albanian consumers --- Western Balkan countries --- bootstrapping --- beef --- traceability system --- marketing --- consumer --- safety food --- cross cultural study --- questionnaire --- organic foods consumerism --- food innovation adoption --- food security --- circular economy --- health consciousness --- environmental concern