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Book
Ultrasound Elastography
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ISBN: 3038979112 3038979104 Year: 2019 Publisher: MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

The comparison between methods, evaluation of portal hypertension and many other questions are still open issues in liver elastography. New elastographic applications are under evaluation and close to being used in clinical practice. Strain imaging has been incorporated into many disciplines and EFSUMB guidelines are under preparation. More research is necessary for improved evidence for clinical applications in daily practice. The Special Issue published papers on recent advances in development and application of Ultrasound Elastography.


Book
Novel Methods of Diagnostics of Thyroid and Parathyroid Lesions
Authors: ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI Books

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Thyroid nodular disease is one of the most frequent endocrine diseases. The prevalence of thyroid focal lesions detected by imaging techniques, according to studies on different populations, ranges from 10 to 70%. In a population of women over 50 years of age, approximately half of them will have a thyroid focal lesion. However, only 18% of thyroid nodules are diagnosed as malignant. Thyroid nodular disease is the most frequently diagnosed endocrine pathology, while thyroid cancer constitues the most common endocrine malignancy and is reponsible for about 67% of deaths due to neoplasms derived from endocrine organs. The incidence of thyroid cancer has risen by about 240% in the last three decades. Due to the increased availability of imaging techniques, recently, a rise in the detectability of thyroid cancer at the stage of microcarcinoma has been observed. Diagnostic and therapeutic decisions in patients with thyroid nodules require an interdisciplinary consensus between endocrinologists and physicians of other specialities (radiologists, pathologists, surgeons, oncologists). This book focuses on current trends in novel techniques of thyroid nodule diagnostics before they are implemented in the current guidelines on the management of thyroid nodular disease.


Book
Novel Methods of Diagnostics of Thyroid and Parathyroid Lesions
Authors: ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI Books

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Abstract

Thyroid nodular disease is one of the most frequent endocrine diseases. The prevalence of thyroid focal lesions detected by imaging techniques, according to studies on different populations, ranges from 10 to 70%. In a population of women over 50 years of age, approximately half of them will have a thyroid focal lesion. However, only 18% of thyroid nodules are diagnosed as malignant. Thyroid nodular disease is the most frequently diagnosed endocrine pathology, while thyroid cancer constitues the most common endocrine malignancy and is reponsible for about 67% of deaths due to neoplasms derived from endocrine organs. The incidence of thyroid cancer has risen by about 240% in the last three decades. Due to the increased availability of imaging techniques, recently, a rise in the detectability of thyroid cancer at the stage of microcarcinoma has been observed. Diagnostic and therapeutic decisions in patients with thyroid nodules require an interdisciplinary consensus between endocrinologists and physicians of other specialities (radiologists, pathologists, surgeons, oncologists). This book focuses on current trends in novel techniques of thyroid nodule diagnostics before they are implemented in the current guidelines on the management of thyroid nodular disease.


Book
Non-communicable Diseases, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI Books

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Abstract

This reprint includes 15 articles in the field of non-communicable Diseases, big data, and artificial intelligence, overviewing the most recent advances in the field of AI and their application potential in 3P medicine.

Keywords

Medicine --- artificial intelligence --- computer-aided diagnosis --- facial phenotypes --- machine learning --- complexity theory --- dementia --- cognitive dysfunction --- neuropsychological tests --- mental status and dementia tests --- spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) --- 90-day function outcome --- mortality --- osteoarthritis --- venous thrombosis --- VTE risk prediction --- machine learning algorithm --- population-based cohort study --- pituitary adenoma --- craniopharyngioma --- optic chiasm --- multicenter --- treatment outcome --- liver neoplasms --- deep learning --- diabetic complication --- gene-gene interaction --- AGER --- IL6R --- multiple sclerosis --- DNA methylation --- entropy --- atherosclerosis --- plaque characterization --- physical activity --- osteoporosis --- osteoporotic fracture --- vertebral fracture --- hip fracture --- distal radius fracture --- small for gestational age --- exposure to radiation --- prediction --- coronary plaque --- major adverse cardiovascular events --- coronary artery disease --- coronary computed tomographic angiography --- acute pancreatitis --- predictor --- interventions --- type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) --- prediction model --- Chinese elderly --- prediabetes --- incident diabetes --- predictive models --- artificial intelligence --- computer-aided diagnosis --- facial phenotypes --- machine learning --- complexity theory --- dementia --- cognitive dysfunction --- neuropsychological tests --- mental status and dementia tests --- spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) --- 90-day function outcome --- mortality --- osteoarthritis --- venous thrombosis --- VTE risk prediction --- machine learning algorithm --- population-based cohort study --- pituitary adenoma --- craniopharyngioma --- optic chiasm --- multicenter --- treatment outcome --- liver neoplasms --- deep learning --- diabetic complication --- gene-gene interaction --- AGER --- IL6R --- multiple sclerosis --- DNA methylation --- entropy --- atherosclerosis --- plaque characterization --- physical activity --- osteoporosis --- osteoporotic fracture --- vertebral fracture --- hip fracture --- distal radius fracture --- small for gestational age --- exposure to radiation --- prediction --- coronary plaque --- major adverse cardiovascular events --- coronary artery disease --- coronary computed tomographic angiography --- acute pancreatitis --- predictor --- interventions --- type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) --- prediction model --- Chinese elderly --- prediabetes --- incident diabetes --- predictive models


Book
Machine Learning for Biomedical Application
Authors: ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Biomedicine is a multidisciplinary branch of medical science that consists of many scientific disciplines, e.g., biology, biotechnology, bioinformatics, and genetics; moreover, it covers various medical specialties. In recent years, this field of science has developed rapidly. This means that a large amount of data has been generated, due to (among other reasons) the processing, analysis, and recognition of a wide range of biomedical signals and images obtained through increasingly advanced medical imaging devices. The analysis of these data requires the use of advanced IT methods, which include those related to the use of artificial intelligence, and in particular machine learning. It is a summary of the Special Issue “Machine Learning for Biomedical Application”, briefly outlining selected applications of machine learning in the processing, analysis, and recognition of biomedical data, mostly regarding biosignals and medical images.

Keywords

Research & information: general --- depthwise separable convolution (DSC) --- all convolutional network (ACN) --- batch normalization (BN) --- ensemble convolutional neural network (ECNN) --- electrocardiogram (ECG) --- MIT-BIH database --- cephalometric landmark --- X-ray --- deep learning --- ResNet --- registration --- electronic human-machine interface --- blindness --- gesture recognition --- inertial sensors --- IMU --- dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI --- kidney perfusion --- glomerular filtration rate --- pharmacokinetic modeling --- multi-layer perceptron --- parameter estimation --- instance segmentation --- computer vision --- retinal blood vessel image --- computer-aided diagnosis --- U-shaped neural network --- residual learning --- semantic gap --- intracranial hemorrhage --- computed tomography --- random forest --- sleep disorder --- obstructive sleep disorder --- overnight polysomnogram --- EEG --- EMG --- ECG --- HRV signals --- Electronic Medical Record (EMR) --- disease prediction --- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) --- weighted Jaccard index (WJI) --- lung cancer --- CT images --- CNN --- pulmonary fibrosis --- radiotherapy --- depthwise separable convolution (DSC) --- all convolutional network (ACN) --- batch normalization (BN) --- ensemble convolutional neural network (ECNN) --- electrocardiogram (ECG) --- MIT-BIH database --- cephalometric landmark --- X-ray --- deep learning --- ResNet --- registration --- electronic human-machine interface --- blindness --- gesture recognition --- inertial sensors --- IMU --- dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI --- kidney perfusion --- glomerular filtration rate --- pharmacokinetic modeling --- multi-layer perceptron --- parameter estimation --- instance segmentation --- computer vision --- retinal blood vessel image --- computer-aided diagnosis --- U-shaped neural network --- residual learning --- semantic gap --- intracranial hemorrhage --- computed tomography --- random forest --- sleep disorder --- obstructive sleep disorder --- overnight polysomnogram --- EEG --- EMG --- ECG --- HRV signals --- Electronic Medical Record (EMR) --- disease prediction --- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) --- weighted Jaccard index (WJI) --- lung cancer --- CT images --- CNN --- pulmonary fibrosis --- radiotherapy


Book
Novel Methods of Diagnostics of Thyroid and Parathyroid Lesions
Authors: ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI Books

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Abstract

Thyroid nodular disease is one of the most frequent endocrine diseases. The prevalence of thyroid focal lesions detected by imaging techniques, according to studies on different populations, ranges from 10 to 70%. In a population of women over 50 years of age, approximately half of them will have a thyroid focal lesion. However, only 18% of thyroid nodules are diagnosed as malignant. Thyroid nodular disease is the most frequently diagnosed endocrine pathology, while thyroid cancer constitues the most common endocrine malignancy and is reponsible for about 67% of deaths due to neoplasms derived from endocrine organs. The incidence of thyroid cancer has risen by about 240% in the last three decades. Due to the increased availability of imaging techniques, recently, a rise in the detectability of thyroid cancer at the stage of microcarcinoma has been observed. Diagnostic and therapeutic decisions in patients with thyroid nodules require an interdisciplinary consensus between endocrinologists and physicians of other specialities (radiologists, pathologists, surgeons, oncologists). This book focuses on current trends in novel techniques of thyroid nodule diagnostics before they are implemented in the current guidelines on the management of thyroid nodular disease.

Keywords

Medicine --- thyroid nodule --- care pathway --- guidelines --- fine-needle aspiration cytology --- thyroid cancer --- COLD-PCR --- digital PCR --- BRAFV600E --- papillary thyroid cancer --- liquid biopsy --- thyroid nodules --- ultrasound --- computer-aided diagnosis --- S-Detect --- EU-TIRADS --- PTC --- thyroid --- metastasis --- Snail-1 --- primary hyperparathyroidism --- parathyroidectomy --- remedial surgery --- ectopic mediastinal localization --- persistent hypercalcemia --- ectopic thymus --- shear wave sonoelastography --- strain elastography --- metastatic lymph nodes --- shear wave elastography --- interobserver variability --- tissue aspirate parathyroid hormone assay --- recurrent renal hyperparathyroidism --- persistent renal hyperparathyroidism --- parathyroid sonography --- parathyroid scintigraphy --- thyroid surgery --- vocal cord dysfunction --- vocal cord palsy --- loss of signal --- complications --- parathyroid adenoma --- hyperparathyroidism --- PET-CT --- FEC --- FCH --- postsurgical hypoparathyroidism --- risk-factor analysis --- time course --- thyroid nodule --- care pathway --- guidelines --- fine-needle aspiration cytology --- thyroid cancer --- COLD-PCR --- digital PCR --- BRAFV600E --- papillary thyroid cancer --- liquid biopsy --- thyroid nodules --- ultrasound --- computer-aided diagnosis --- S-Detect --- EU-TIRADS --- PTC --- thyroid --- metastasis --- Snail-1 --- primary hyperparathyroidism --- parathyroidectomy --- remedial surgery --- ectopic mediastinal localization --- persistent hypercalcemia --- ectopic thymus --- shear wave sonoelastography --- strain elastography --- metastatic lymph nodes --- shear wave elastography --- interobserver variability --- tissue aspirate parathyroid hormone assay --- recurrent renal hyperparathyroidism --- persistent renal hyperparathyroidism --- parathyroid sonography --- parathyroid scintigraphy --- thyroid surgery --- vocal cord dysfunction --- vocal cord palsy --- loss of signal --- complications --- parathyroid adenoma --- hyperparathyroidism --- PET-CT --- FEC --- FCH --- postsurgical hypoparathyroidism --- risk-factor analysis --- time course


Book
Image Processing and Analysis for Preclinical and Clinical Applications
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI Books

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Radiomics is one of the most successful branches of research in the field of image processing and analysis, as it provides valuable quantitative information for the personalized medicine. It has the potential to discover features of the disease that cannot be appreciated with the naked eye in both preclinical and clinical studies. In general, all quantitative approaches based on biomedical images, such as positron emission tomography (PET), computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have a positive clinical impact in the detection of biological processes and diseases as well as in predicting response to treatment. This Special Issue, “Image Processing and Analysis for Preclinical and Clinical Applications”, addresses some gaps in this field to improve the quality of research in the clinical and preclinical environment. It consists of fourteen peer-reviewed papers covering a range of topics and applications related to biomedical image processing and analysis.


Book
Non-communicable Diseases, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence
Authors: ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI Books

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Abstract

This reprint includes 15 articles in the field of non-communicable Diseases, big data, and artificial intelligence, overviewing the most recent advances in the field of AI and their application potential in 3P medicine.


Book
Machine Learning for Biomedical Application
Authors: ---
Year: 2022 Publisher: Basel MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

Biomedicine is a multidisciplinary branch of medical science that consists of many scientific disciplines, e.g., biology, biotechnology, bioinformatics, and genetics; moreover, it covers various medical specialties. In recent years, this field of science has developed rapidly. This means that a large amount of data has been generated, due to (among other reasons) the processing, analysis, and recognition of a wide range of biomedical signals and images obtained through increasingly advanced medical imaging devices. The analysis of these data requires the use of advanced IT methods, which include those related to the use of artificial intelligence, and in particular machine learning. It is a summary of the Special Issue “Machine Learning for Biomedical Application”, briefly outlining selected applications of machine learning in the processing, analysis, and recognition of biomedical data, mostly regarding biosignals and medical images.


Book
Visual and Camera Sensors
Authors: --- ---
Year: 2021 Publisher: Basel, Switzerland MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute

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Abstract

This book includes 13 papers published in Special Issue ("Visual and Camera Sensors") of the journal Sensors. The goal of this Special Issue was to invite high-quality, state-of-the-art research papers dealing with challenging issues in visual and camera sensors.

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