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Micro/Nano Structures and Systems: Analysis, Design, Manufacturing, and Reliability is a comprehensive guide that explores the various aspects of micro- and nanostructures and systems. From analysis and design to manufacturing and reliability, this reprint provides a thorough understanding of the latest methods and techniques used in the field. With an emphasis on modern computational and analytical methods and their integration with experimental techniques, this reprint is an invaluable resource for researchers and engineers working in the field of micro- and nanosystems, including micromachines, additive manufacturing at the microscale, micro/nano-electromechanical systems, and more. Written by leading experts in the field, this reprint offers a complete understanding of the physical and mechanical behavior of micro- and nanostructures, making it an essential reference for professionals in this field.

Nanostructures. --- Additive manufacturing. --- Computational techniques. --- AM (Additive manufacturing) --- Manufacturing processes --- Nanoscience --- Physics

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Electromagnetism. --- numerical methods --- computational techniques applied to em field problems --- coupled field problems --- optimization techniques --- propagation and diffraction

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This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact

Science: general issues --- Physics --- Fractional Differential Equations --- Real-World Applications --- fractional calculus --- computational techniques --- Fractional order models

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Price index compilers frequently face situations where price observations are missing due to seasonal unavailability, supply shortages, or the discontinuation of products. Incorrect treatment of such situations can result in biased price indices. This paper presents statistical imputation techniques that index compilers can use to prevent bias and suggests the extension of these same techniques to assist with adjustments for quality differences. The use of additional procedures for dealing with some of the problems caused by seasonal commodities is also discussed.

Investments: Commodities --- Investments: Stocks --- Macroeconomics --- Index Numbers and Aggregation --- leading indicators --- Computational Techniques --- Methodology for Collecting, Estimating, and Organizing Microeconomic Data --- Price Level --- Inflation --- Deflation --- Commodity Markets --- Pension Funds --- Non-bank Financial Institutions --- Financial Instruments --- Institutional Investors --- Investment & securities --- Price indexes --- Commodities --- Price adjustments --- Stocks --- Consumer price indexes --- Prices --- Financial institutions --- Commercial products --- United States --- Leading indicators

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The paper offers a non-probabilistic framework for representation of uncertainty in the context of a simple linear-quadratic model of fiscal adjustment. Instead of treating model disturbances as random variables with known probability distributions, it is only assumed that they belong to some pre-specified compact set. Such an approach is appropriate when the decision maker does not have enough information to form probabilistic beliefs or when considerations for robustness are important. Solution of the model in the minimax sense when disturbance sets are ellipsoids is obtained and the application of the method is illustrated using the example of Portugal.

Fiscal policy --- Tax policy --- Taxation --- Economic policy --- Finance, Public --- Econometric models. --- Government policy --- Macroeconomics --- Public Finance --- Production and Operations Management --- Statistical Decision Theory --- Operations Research --- Optimization Techniques --- Programming Models --- Dynamic Analysis --- Computational Techniques --- Fiscal Policy --- Macroeconomics: Production --- Debt --- Debt Management --- Sovereign Debt --- Public finance & taxation --- Output gap --- Fiscal multipliers --- Fiscal stance --- Public debt --- Fiscal consolidation --- Production --- Economic theory --- Debts, Public --- Portugal